课本中不会教你的[N]482 near，nearly和next to
482 near，nearly和next to
① near及其比较级和最高级nearer和nearest均可用作介词或副词，作介词用时，near意为“靠近，在……的附近”，后跟名词、代词等。作副词用时，near多指空间或时间上的“近”，放在动词后面，意为“在附近，近地”，后不可加宾语。near to，nearer to和nearest to也都是正确说法，后跟名词或代词。
He is sitting near the window. 他靠近窗户坐着。
There are no shops near here. 这里附近没有商店。
Please stand nearer. 请靠近些站。
He lives nearest to our school. 他住得离我们学校最近。
He lives quite near. 他住得很近。
The Spring Festival is drawing near. 春节临近了。
It is known far and near. 这件事到处流传。
② near还可表示“亲近地；几乎，差不多”。
She came near being killed by a car. 她差点儿被车压死。
③ near还可用作形容词，意为“近的，接近的”，作定语或表语。
Which is the nearest way to the station？哪条是去火车站最近的路？
The post office is quite near. 邮局离得很近。
④ nearly表示“几乎，差不多；亲切地，亲密地”。
I nearly missed the train. 我差点儿没赶上火车。
It's nearly eleven o'clock. 现在大约11点钟了。
She was nearly drowned. 她差一点淹死。（=almost）
The matter concerns her nearly. 这件事与她密切相关。
提示
在下面两句中，用near 与 nearly 均可：
They are near/nearly related. 他们是近亲。
He was near/nearly dead with fright. 他几乎给吓死。
⑤ next to为介词短语，后跟名词，意为“靠近，相邻，贴近”。
She sits next to me in class. 在班上她坐在我旁边。
They are lying next to each other. 他们相互靠近躺着。
