BBC News: 联合国气候峰会在马德里开幕

BBC News. Hello, this is Jerry Smit. The latest United Nations Climate Summit has opened in Madrid with warnings that the coming year will be critical in the battle against rising temperatures. Ahead of the meeting, the UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres has warned that the world is at the point of no return. He told the BBC the global response to climate change to date have been utterly inadequate. Matt McGrath reports.

BBC新闻。大家好，我是杰瑞·施密特。最新一届联合国气候峰会在马德里开幕，会议警告称未来一年将是对抗气温上升的关键一年。在会议开始之前，联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯警告称，世界已经到了无法回头的地步。他告诉BBC，迄今为止，对全球对气候变化的应对是完全不够的。以下是马特·麦格拉思的报道。

As the diplomats begin their talks, a report from Save the Children estimates that thirty-three million people in east and southern Africa have been driven to hunger by what they term climate shocks, droughts, floods and the impacts of the strongest ever cyclone to hit the continent. To limit these consequences in the future, experts argue the world needs to set out plans for dramatic climate action during the next twelve months. This meeting in Madrid is the first step on that road.

就在外交官们开始会谈的时候，来自救助儿童会的一份报告估计，东非和南部非洲有3300万人因为气候冲击，如干旱、洪水以及非洲大陆有史以来最强烈的飓风的影响而挨饿。为了减少这些现象对未来的影响，专家们认为，世界各国需要在未来12个月内采取行动应对不断恶劣的气候。这次马德里会议将是该进程的第一步。

President Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador of Mexico has defended his approach to tackling drug cartels despite an upsurge in violence that saw more than twenty people killed in a single incident on Saturday. In a speech marking his first year in office, he acknowledged that reducing crime remained his biggest challenge.

尽管周六发生了一起导致20多人丧生的暴力事件，墨西哥总统安德烈斯•曼努埃尔•洛佩斯•奥夫拉多尔还是为自己打击贩毒集团的方法进行了辩护。在他执政一年的纪念演讲中，他承认减少犯罪仍然是他最大的挑战。

Samoa says it will shut down government offices for two days this week so public sector workers can help with a mass vaccination campaign against measles. The epidemic has already killed more than fifty people in the pacific island nation, most of them children under four. Anna Pizarro has more details.

萨摩亚表示，该国将在本周关闭政府机构两天，以便公共部门的工作人员能够帮助进行大规模的麻疹疫苗接种行动。这场疫情已经导致这个太平洋岛国50多人死亡，其中大多数是4岁以下的儿童。以下是安娜•普泽鲁的报道。

The rate of infection is showing no sign of slowing down with two hundred new measles cases from the last twenty-four hours alone. Fifty-three people have died. Four thousand cases have been recorded since the Samoa measles epidemic began in mid-October. A compulsory vaccination scheme has so far focused on children but will now extend to everyone under sixty. So all government services and departments will close this Thursday and Friday. The Samoan Prime Minister said those that did not believe in vaccination needed to be convinced that it was the only answer to the epidemic.

感染率没有任何下降的迹象，仅在过去24小时内就出现了200例麻疹新病例。目前已有53人死亡。自10月中旬萨摩亚麻疹爆发开始以来，该国已有4000例病例记录在案。到目前为止，这项强制疫苗接种计划主要针对儿童，但现在将扩大到60岁以下的所有人。因此，所有政府服务和机关单位将在本周四和周五关闭。萨摩亚总理表示，要说服那些不相信接种疫苗的人疫苗是解决这一流行病的唯一办法。

At least fifteen people are feared dead in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu. They were buried under a wall that collapsed after heavy downpours in the city of Coimbatore. Schools and colleges have been closed in the state capital Chennai and a number of other districts because of the torrential rain.

印度南部泰米尔纳德邦至少有15人死亡。在一场大雨后，他们被埋在了哥印拜陀市的一堵倒塌的墙下。受暴雨影响，该邦首府钦奈和其他一些地区的学校和大学已经关闭。

A sperm whale that died after getting stranded on a beach in northwest Scotland was found to have a bowl of litter weighing a hundred kilograms in its stomach. The compacted mass included items such as fishing nets, rope, bags and plastic cups that it had swallowed. Residents of the Isle of Harris who found the carcass said it highlighted the wider problem of marine pollution. BBC News.

一只抹香鲸在苏格兰西北部海滩搁浅死亡，其胃里有一坨重达100公斤的垃圾。这些垃圾已被压实，其中包括它吞下的渔网、绳子、袋子和塑料杯。发现这具尸体的哈里斯岛居民表示，这表明了海洋污染问题的影响越来越大。BBC新闻。