高中语法专练：v. 名词性从句需要注意的几个问题

v. 名词性从句需要注意的几个问题

1. that, what, whether, if需注意的情况

1）that, whether, if在从句中不作成分，而what在从句中既引导从句又作成分。

That he has done his homework is not true.

他完成了家庭作业这事并不真实。

What he said has nothing to do with me.

他所说的话与我无关。

What we can't get seems better than what we have .

我们不能得到的似乎好于我们已经拥有的。

2）whether在从句中不作任何成分，但有不肯定的意义，而that无任何意义。

Whether the 2020 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing isn't known yet.

2020年奥运会是否将要在北京举行还不知道。

That the 2016 Olympic Games will be not held in Beijing is already known.

2016年奥运会将不在北京举行已经众所周知。

2. whether, if引导名词性从句的区别

1）whether可以引导表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句和介词后接的宾语从句，而if则不能。

The question is whether the film is worth seeing.

问题是这部电影是否值得一看。

The news whether our team has won is unknown.

我们队是否赢了这消息还无人知道。

Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn't been decided yet.

我们是否要出席会议还没有决定。

It all depends on whether they will support us.

这完全取决于他们是否支持我们。

2）whether和if引导的从句都可以作动词宾语，这时whether=if。但当从句置于句首时只能用whether。后接有or not时，也只能用whether。

The chairman hasn't decided whether/if we shall attend the meeting.

主席还没有决定我们是否将要出席会议。

Whether he will come this afternoon, no one knows.

没有人知道他今天下午是否来。

We didn't know whether or not she was ready.

我们不知道他是否准备好了。

We didn't know whether/if she was ready.

我们不知道她是否准备好了。

3. whether, if与that的选择

1）doubt, wonder, not know, not decide, still a problem, still a question后面多接whether, if从句。

It is still a problem whether we can find a way out.

我们是否能找到出路仍然是一个问题。

I doubt whether he will come soon.

我怀疑他是否很快要来。

2）no wonder, no doubt, well known后多接that从句。

There's no doubt that he will come soon.

毫无疑问他不久就要来。

No one will doubt that he will win the game.

没有人怀疑他将要赢得比赛。

You work so hard. No wonder that you have made so much progress.

你学习那么努力，难怪你取得如此大的进步。

4. 名词性从句的虚拟语气

1）suggestion, order, advice后的同位语或表语从句用虚拟语气。

Have you made a suggestion that the sports meet be put off until next Sunday?

你建议过运动会应该推迟到下一周吗？

Our advice is that he should work harder at his lessons.

我们的忠告是他应该更努力地学习功课。

2）insist, order, command, demand, suggest, advise, propose, require, request后接的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，其形式是“should +动词原形”，should可省略。

The commander ordered that his soldiers should fight back immediately.

司令官命令他的士兵立刻反攻。

3）若insist后接的宾语从句是已经发生或存在的事实。suggest作“暗示”讲时，宾语从句要用陈述语气。

He insisted that he hadn't stolen the i-Phone5 and that he shouldn't be punished.

他坚持自己没有偷i-Phone 5，不应该受惩罚。

The class teacher's expression on her face suggested that she was pleased with our behaviour.

班主任脸上的表情暗示她对我们的表现很满意。

5. where引导名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的区别

1）where引导表语从句时，从句紧跟在联系动词之后，而且从句前面没有先行词；where= the place where。

The house is where （= the place where） he worked a few years ago.

这房子是他几年前工作的地方。

2）where引导定语从句时，从句要跟在先行词后面, where = in/on/at which。

He lives in the house where （=　in which） I lived ten years ago.

他居住在我十年前住过的房子里面。

3）where引导状语从句时，从句前面也没有先行词，且where在主从句中都作成分，where = in/at/on/to the place where

Where there is a will, there is a way.

there is a way in The place where there is a will.

有志者事竟成。

6. who, whoever与no matter who

1）名词性从句表示某个人时，用who引导从句。

Who will come to see us hasn't been known.

谁要来看我们还不知道。

2）名词性从句表示任何人时，用whoever引导从句，whoever=anyone who。

Whoever/Anyone who comes late should be punished.

无论谁来晚了都应该受到惩罚。

3）No matter + wh- 只用来引导让步状语从句，主从句之间有逗号隔开。

No matter what you do , you should try your best to do it well.

无论你干什么事，都应尽力干好。

4）Wh-+ever可以引导名词性从句，也可代替no matter + wh- 引导的状语从句。

Whoever breaks the law should be punished.

无论谁违法都应该受到惩罚。

No matter who/Whoever breaks the law , we should punish him.

无论谁违法，我们都应该惩罚他。

7. 名词性从句都用陈述语序

No one can be sure what man will look like in a million years.

没有人能肯定一百万年后人类看上去会是什么样子。

I wonder what's wrong with him/what's the trouble with him/what's the matter with him.

我不知道他怎么了。

Who do you think he can have gone to Beijing with?

你觉得他可能和谁一起去北京了呢？

8. 从句作主语时，主句中的谓语动词一般用单数，或者与表语保持一致

Where we can get the money is still being discussed.

我们能从哪里搞到钱仍在讨论。

What he wants to get are three books .

他想得到的是三本书。

专项练习

1. The difficulty lies _______ we have no money.

A. in which

B. in the fact that

C. in the fact

D. that

2. She's a different girl from _______ she was five years ago.

A. whom

B. that

C. who

D. what

3. That is _______ happened to the tribe of Indians that then lived in _______ is now Plymouth.

A. what; which

B. whatever; whichever

C. that; that

D. what; what

4. They buried themselves in their studies in the belief _______ they would serve their country with their knowledge.

A. in which

B. that

C. which

D. where

5. The reason why she burst into tears was _______ she didn't want to part with her friends.

A. because

B. since

C. for

D. that

6. The possibilities _______ many species of whales may become extinct soon don't stop some fishermen from continuing to kill them.

A. /

B. of which

C. that

D. why

7. _______ I like best _______ bread and butter.

A. That; is

B. That; are

C. What; are

D. What; is

8. Does it matter _______ will represent us to attend the meeting?

A. you think whoever

B. who do you think

C. you think

D. who you think

9. _______ is _______ me.

A. It rains or not; no concern for

B. Whether it rains or not; of no concern to

C. If or not it rains; no concern about

D. Whether or not it rains; of no concern with

10. You can imagine _______ to skate or ski in Japan, Norway or Canada!

A. how much love

B. what great love

C. how funny love

D. what a love

11. Mike's uncle insists _______ in the hotel.

A. staying not

B. not to stay

C. that we would not stay

D. that he not stay

12. We agreed to accept _______ they thought was the best tourist guide.

A. whatever

B. whomever

C. whichever

D. whoever

13. Although many people view conflict as bad, conflict is sometimes useful _______ it forces people to test the relative merits of their attitudes and behaviors.

A. by which

B. to which

C. in that

D. so that

14. It is essential that these application forms _______.

A. must be sent back as soon as possible

B. will be sent back as soon as possible

C. are sent back as quick as it can

D. be sent back as soon as possible

15. Our teacher recommends that we _______ as attentive as possible when we visit the museum.

A. are

B. shall be

C. ought to be

D. be

16. I suppose that when I come back in ten years' time, all these old houses _______ down.

A. will have been pulled

B. will have pulled

C. will be pulling

D. will be pulled

17. There is _______ the fact that failure is the mother of success.

A. no denying

B. to not deny

C. not to deny

D. of denying

18. She loves the newly born baby so much that her only happiness lies in _______ she can take care of her child by herself.

A. that

B. what

C. when

D. where

19. What do you think _______ we should do with the polluted water?

A. that

B. /

C. how

D. which

20. What the doctors really doubt is _______ my mother will ever recover from the serious disease soon.

A. when

B. how

C. whether

D. why

21. _______ is no possibility _______ Bob can win the first prize in the match.

A. There; that

B. There; whether

C. It; whether

D. It; that

22. He was asked of all the stories he had read _______ was the most interesting.

A. that

B. what

C. which

D. as

23. The two areas are similar _______ they both have a high rainfall during this season.

A. except that

B. in that

C. in which

D. despite of

24. It is recommended that the project _______ until all the preparations have been made.

A. is not started

B. was not started

C. will not be started

D. not be started

25. We all agreed to the suggestion _______ we have an outing, but we had a problem _______ we could get there.

A. that; how

B. which; how

C. which; which

D. that; that

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