高中语法专练：vii. 其他情况
vii. 其他情况
1. 当名词中心词为表示度量、时间、距离、金钱、重量、容量等的复数名词作主语，表示一个整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；强调个体意义时谓语动词用复数。
Six months is too short a time to learn a language.
六个月太短了学不了一门语言。
Four weeks has passed since I came here.
自从我来这里，四周已经过去了。
Fifty miles is a long distance.
五十英里是一段很长的距离。
There are seven days in a week.
一周有七天。
2. 当主语是由“all/some/any/enough/most/percent/half+of+名词”构成时，谓语动词的数与名词的数保持一致。
Half of the books were written in English.
一半书是用英语写的。
Half of the apple has gone bad.
半个苹果坏了。
Most of us have been to Beijing.
我们中大多数人去过北京。
The rest of the paper is dirty.
其余的纸是脏的。
All of the money is yours.
所有的钱都是你的。
注意： 当all, some, any, enough, most, person, half单独作主语时，根据意义一致原则决定谓语动词的数。
All are here now.
所有人都到了。
I have seen the wall, and half is red.
我看过那堵墙，一半是红的。
3. 主语由“kind/series/sort/type/pile of+名词”构成时，谓语的数与修饰名词的kind, series, sort, type, pile等的数保持一致。
Some new types of buses are on show.
一些新型公共汽车在展销。
This kind of men is dangerous.
这种人很危险。
There's a pile of clothes in the room.
房间里有一堆衣服。
注意： 当主语由“名词+ of this kind/sort/type等”构成时，谓语动词的数与名词的数保持一致。
Apples of this sort are very good.
这种苹果很好。
Men of this kind are dangerous.
这种人很危险。
4. “a number of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。“the number of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语用单数。
A number of s tudents are playing there.
很多学生在那里玩儿。
The number of students in our school has reached 2，000.
我校学生人数已经达到两千人。
5. “majority/portion/part/percentage/the rest/分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后的名词的数保持一致。
Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.
地球表面四分之三是大海。
35 percent of the doctors are women.
百分之三十五的大夫是女性。
Part of the story was true.
这故事部分是真的。
The majority of the people present at the meeting were model workers.
在场的人中大多数是模范工人。
注意： 如果中心词是one,后跟由in/out of/of引导的介词短语，谓语动词用单数。
One apple out of ten is bad.
十分之一的苹果是坏的。
One apple in every ten is bad.
十分之一的苹果是坏的。
6. “one and a half+复数名词”或“a/an+名词+and a half”短语作主语，谓语动词用单数。
One and a half apples is left on the table.
一个半苹果留在了桌子上。
An apple and a half is left on the table.
一个半苹果留在了桌子上。
7. “the+形容词/分词”作主语，表示一类人，谓语动词用复数；表示某个人、物或抽象概念时，谓语动词用单数。
The rich aren't always happy.
富人并非总是幸福的。
The wounded are taken good care of in the hospital.
受伤的人在医院里得到很好的照料。
The wounded was Tom's father.
那个伤员是汤姆的父亲。
The good isn't always beautiful.
好的并非总是美的。
The old gives place to the new.
新陈代谢。
8. 表示前后照应关系的词组，如the above, the below, the former, the latter, the following, the rest等，应根据其所指对象来决定谓语动词单复数的形式。
The above is/are the most important fact/facts.
上边的是最重要的事实。
The following are mistaken sentences .
下面的是错误的句子。
Of these two men, the former is dead, but the latter is still alive.
这两个人中，前者死了，后者仍然活着。
9. “a great/good many+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
A great many red apples are on the ground.
很多红苹果都在地上。
“many a+名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Many a student was noticed to attend yesterday's meeting.
很多学生都被通知参加昨天的会议。
10. “a great deal of/a lot of/lots of/plenty of/a little of/a large amount/a large quantity of等+不可数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。
A large amount of money is spent on the clothes.
大量的钱花在了衣服上。
注意： “quantities of/amounts of +可数或不可数名词”作主语，谓语都用复数。
Large quantities of water have been poured into the river.
大量的水被倒进了河里。
Large amounts of books were sent to the students in poor districts.
大量的书本被送给了贫穷地区的学生。
11. 由and连接两个或两个以上的不定式或动名词短语作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
Playing football and watching TV are both interesting.
踢足球和看电视都很有趣。
Where to spend the holiday and when to leave haven't been decided yet.
何地度假以及何时动身还没有决定。
12. 表示抽象意义的不定式、分词、名词从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Making model planes is more difficult than making model ships.
建造模型飞机要比建造模型轮船困难。
That he will come is certain.
他要来是确定无疑的。
13. population作主语，谓语动词的数根据意义而定。
One third of the population here are workers.
这里三分之一的人是工人。
What is the population of China?
中国有多少人口？
14. 由there, here引起的句子，谓语动词的数采取就近原则。
Here comes the bus and the cars.
公共汽车和小汽车来了。
Where is your wife and children?
你的老婆孩子哪里去了？
There's a girl and five boys in the classroom.
教室里有一个女孩和五个男孩。
15. 不可数名词前如果有表示数量的复数名词作定语，谓语动词用复数，如“millions of tons of, hundreds of boxes of+不可数名词”。
Three hundred tons of waste water were sent into the river every day.
每天有三百吨废水被排进了河里。
16. one, another, little, a little, either, much等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Little remains to be done, so we can go home now.
仍需要做的几乎没有了，因此我们现在可以回家了。
—Which end of the boat can I sit on?
—Either is OK if you keep still.
——我该坐在船哪头？
——只要你不动弹，哪头都可以。
17. 以-one, -body, -thing结尾构成的不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数。
Anyone is supposed to be here by 7 o'clock tomorrow morning.
明天早上任何人都应该在七点以前到这里。
Since everything has been done, you can do anything you'd like to.
既然一切都做完了，你们可以做你们愿意做的事情。
18. both, few, a few, several, many, others等作主语，谓语动词用复数。
Many have been invited here, but few have accepted the invitation.
很多人收到来这里的邀请，但是很少人接受邀请。
19. 表示加减乘除的句式，谓语动词用单数。
5 times 6 is 30.
五乘六得三十。
9 divided by 3 equals 3.
九除三得三。
8 plus/and 5 is 13.
八加五是十三。
20. such作主语，谓语动词根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动词的数。
Such is Albert Einstein , a simple scientist.
这就是爱因斯坦，一个简朴的科学家。
Such are my suggestions.
这就是我的建议。
专项练习
1. As a result of destroying the forests, a large _______ of desert _______ covered the land.
A. number; has
B. quantity; has
C. number; have
D. quantity; have
2. More than a dozen students in that school _______ abroad to study medicines last year.
A. sent
B. were sent
C. had sent
D. had been sent
3. With the development of social economy, _______ of the citizens in that village _______ in big flats.
A. close to 80 percents; live
B. nearly 80 percentage; live
C. close to 80 percent; live
D. nearly 80 percentages; live
4. This kind of glasses manufactured by experienced craftsmen _______ comfortably.
A. is worn
B. wearing
C. wears
D. are worn
5. When and where to build the new factory _______ yet.
A. has not been decided
B. are to decide
C. has not decided
D. have not decided
6. We don't think that another five days _______ necessary for us.
A. is
B. has been
C. are
D. have been
7. The number of the cars made in our factory this year _______ in yours.
A. is more than that
B. are more than those
C. are larger than those
D. is larger than that
8. Several of the cups in the set _______ in delivery.
A. was smashed
B. was smashing
C. were smashed
D. were smashing
9. Collecting stamps as a hobby _______ increasingly popular during the past ten years.
A. becomes
B. became
C. has become
D. have become
10. Ten percent of the men _______ on the field of battle calling for medical assistance that just is not available at the present time.
A. is laid
B. are lying
C. are laid
D. are laying
11. On his desk _______ a computer, a fax machine and a couple of phones.
A. have
B. has
C. is there
D. is
12. The nation wants peace; only a minority _______ the war to continue.
A. want
B. wants
C. wanted
D. has wanted
13. There _______ one or two things that I have to mention.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
14. Ten minutes _______ ideas perfectly clear.
A. make his
B. makes his
C. make their
D. make one's
15. The first part of the lecture was interesting but the rest _______.
A. was dull
B. were dull
C. had been dull
D. were too dull
16. Every means _______ tried but without much result.
A. has been
B. have been
C. are
D. is
17. Half of the audience _______ foreigners.
A. was
B. were
C. had been
D. has been
18. Another three weeks _______ necessary for us to finish the work.
A. are
B. was
C. is
D. will have been
19. Plenty of fruits, eggs and vegetables _______ needed for health.
A. are
B. is
C. is being
D. have
20. Today there _______ a number of telephone calls from the applicants for the position.
A. have been
B. is having
C. has been
D. are to have
21. To listen to fine music and to have stimulating conversation with good friends _______ two pleasures in life.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. has been
22. Of particular interest to visitors _______ the large number of bookstores that sell books in different languages.
A. have been
B. are
C. is
D. were
23. A large number of English learners _______ the language with the help of software these days.
A. is learning
B. has learned
C. are learning
D. learn
24. Those are mine; the rest _______ yours.
A. is
B. will be
C. are
D. belong to
25. More than one guest _______ invited to the dinner party.
A. were
B. was
C. has
D. have
26. One and half apples _______ left on the table.
A. has
B. have
C. is
D. are
27. Ten percent of the workers in this city _______ now on strike.
A. is
B. are
C. is to be
D. are to be
28. Three-fourths of the surface of the earth _______ covered with the sea.
A. are
B. is
C. has been
D. am
29. Most of the population in the village _______ under-nourished in the past.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
30. Writing the stories and poems _______ what I enjoy most.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
答案速查 1-5 BBBCA 6—10 ADCCB 11—15 DAABA 16—20 ABCAA 21—25 BBCCA26—30 CBBDA
