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染发剂和直发器与更高的癌症风险有关,尤其是黑人女性

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2019年12月08日

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Hair Dyes And Straighteners Linked To Higher Cancer Risk, Especially For Black Women

染发剂和直发器与更高的癌症风险有关,尤其是黑人女性

New research raises concern about the safety of permanent hair dye and chemical hair straighteners, especially among African American women. The study was published Wednesday in the International Journal of Cancer.

新的研究引起了人们对永久性染发剂和化学直发剂安全性的关注,尤其是在非洲裔美国女性中。这项研究周三发表在《国际癌症杂志》上。

Previous research in animals has found links between certain chemicals in hair dye and straighteners and cancer. But findings from other human studies on the association between hair dyes and straighteners and cancer have been inconsistent. This large, prospective study provides firmer evidence of a link.

先前的动物实验发现染发剂和直发剂中的某些化学物质与癌症有关。但是,其他关于染发剂和直发器与癌症之间关系的人类研究结果并不一致。这项大规模的前瞻性研究为这种联系提供了更有力的证据。

染发剂和直发器与更高的癌症风险有关,尤其是黑人女性

Researchers analyzed data from an ongoing study called the Sister Study, looking at medical records and lifestyle surveys from 46,709 women between the ages of 35 and 74. Women answered questions about their use of hair dyes and straighteners. While earlier studies on hair dye and cancer risk included mostly white women, the new study includes 9% African American women.

研究人员分析了一项名为“姐妹研究”(Sister study)的正在进行的研究的数据,他们查看了年龄在35岁至74岁之间的46709名女性的医疗记录和生活方式调查。女性回答了有关她们使用染发剂和直发器的问题。早期关于染发剂和癌症风险的研究主要包括白人女性,而新的研究包括9%的非洲裔美国女性。

Researchers found that women who used permanent hair dye or chemical straighteners were at higher risk of developing breast cancer.

研究人员发现,使用永久性染发剂或化学直发剂的女性患乳腺癌的风险更高。

"The association was notably higher among black women," says epidemiologist Alexandra White, study author and an investigator with the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, who studies environmental risk factors for breast cancer.

研究作者、美国国家环境健康科学研究所研究员、流行病学家亚历山德拉•怀特表示:“黑人女性中,这种关联明显更高。”怀特研究的是乳腺癌的环境风险因素。

After eight years of follow-up, White found permanent hair dye use was associated with about a 7% higher risk of developing breast cancer among white women, "whereas in black women that risk was about 45 percent."

经过8年的跟踪调查,怀特发现,在白人女性中,永久性染发剂的使用与罹患乳腺癌的风险为7%左右,“而在黑人女性中,这一风险约为45%。”

That risk was even higher among black women who dyed their hair frequently, every one or two months.

这种风险在那些经常染头发(每一两个月染一次)的黑人妇女中甚至更高。

Researchers don't know which ingredients in the products might be of concern. The study did not look at the specific ingredients in the products women were using, only at whether they had used the product and whether they developed breast cancer.

研究人员还不知道这些产品中的哪些成分值得关注。这项研究并没有考察女性使用的产品中的特定成分,只是考察了她们是否使用过该产品,以及她们是否患上了乳腺癌。

All women in the Sister Study were already at high risk for breast cancer since they had a sister who had breast cancer.

在姐妹研究中,所有的女性都已经处于乳腺癌的高风险中,因为她们有一个患有乳腺癌的姐妹。

Researchers note that in the United States, breast cancer incidence remains high for all women and appears to be increasing for non-Hispanic black women, who also are more likely to be diagnosed with more aggressive forms of the disease and more likely to die from it.

研究人员指出,在美国,所有女性的乳腺癌发病率仍然很高,非西班牙裔黑人女性的发病率似乎在上升,她们也更有可能被诊断出更严重的乳腺癌,更有可能死于这种疾病。

Hair products contain more than 5,000 chemicals, according to researchers, including those with mutagenic and endocrine-disrupting properties such as aromatic amines, which can raise cancer risk, according to White.

据怀特介绍,研究人员称,护发产品含有5000多种化学物质,其中包括具有诱变性和干扰内分泌的物质,如芳香胺,它会增加患癌症的风险。

染发剂和直发器与更高的癌症风险有关,尤其是黑人女性

When it came to chemical straighteners, risk didn't vary by race. Both black and white women who used hair straighteners were about 30% more likely to develop breast cancer than those who didn't use the products. However, black women are more likely to use them, with about 75% of black women in the study reporting they straighten their hair.

当涉及到化学直发剂时,风险并不因种族而异。使用直发剂的黑人女性和白人女性患乳腺癌的几率比不使用直发剂的女性高30%。然而,黑人女性更可能使用直发剂,研究中约75%的黑人女性称她们会把头发拉直。

Dr. Doris Browne, a medical oncologist and former president of the National Medical Association, suggests women start a conversation with their doctor about their risk for breast cancer.

内科肿瘤学家、美国国家医学协会前会长多丽丝·布朗建议,女性可以和医生谈谈自己患乳腺癌的风险。


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