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每天喝三杯咖啡对健康有益

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2020年09月16日

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3 Cups of Coffee a Day Is the Sweet Spot for Health

每天喝三杯咖啡对健康有益

A review of more than 200 studies finds that drinking coffee is associated with a lower risk of death and heart disease, in addition to other health benefits.

一项对200多项研究的综述发现,喝咖啡除了对健康有益外,还能降低死亡和心脏病的风险。

Ok, so French fries and sugar are out, and alcohol is up in the air. But thankfully, in the ever-meandering science of what’s healthy and what’s not, coffee gets a green light ... unless you’re pregnant or a woman at risk of fracture. And not only is it just ok to drink, but according to a new review of hundreds of studies, it is "more likely to benefit health than to harm it" for a range of health outcomes.

好了,薯条和糖都没了,酒精也没了。但是谢天谢地,在什么是健康的,什么不是健康的科学中,咖啡得到了绿灯……除非你是孕妇或有骨折风险的女性。而且,根据一项对数百项研究的最新综述,喝咖啡不仅没有问题,而且对一系列健康结果来说,“更可能是有益而非有害”。

The study, published in the The BMJ, concluded that drinking three to four cups of coffee a day is linked to a lower risk of death and getting heart disease compared with abstaining from coffee.

这项发表在《英国医学杂志》上的研究得出结论,与不喝咖啡相比,每天喝三到四杯咖啡会降低死亡和心脏病的风险。

They found that the biggest reduction in relative risk of death was at a sweet spot of three cups a day, compared with non-coffee drinkers. Bumping that up to four was not found to have a significant increase in benefit.

他们发现,与不喝咖啡的人相比,每天喝三杯咖啡能最大程度降低相对死亡风险。提高到一天4杯并没有发现有显著的益处增加。

While the study didn’t determine the cause of all this goodness, it is suspected that coffee’s bioactive compounds play a role. Notes the study, “Coffee contains a complex mixture of bioactive compounds with plausible biological mechanisms for benefiting health. It has been shown to contribute a large proportion of daily intake of dietary antioxidant, greater than tea, fruit, and vegetables.”

虽然这项研究没有确定这些好处的原因,但怀疑是咖啡的生物活性化合物发挥了作用。该研究指出,“咖啡中含有一种复杂的生物活性化合物混合物,它们似乎具有有益于健康的生物机制。研究表明,绿茶比茶、水果和蔬菜更能提供每日膳食抗氧化剂的摄入量。”

While specific types of coffee and extras like dairy and sugar weren’t mentioned, the study did note that there was less evidence for the effects of decaffeinated coffee, even though it had similar benefits for a number of outcomes.

虽然具体种类的咖啡以及乳制品和糖等额外成分没有被提及,但研究确实指出,虽然脱咖啡因咖啡在很多方面都有类似的益处,但关于脱咖啡因咖啡的效果的证据却较少。

While some people don’t respond well to coffee – and those people should stay away, along with the aforementioned groups – it seems like good news that one of the world’s most widely consumed beverages is actually healthy. And for those of us who may feel a little guilty about having that third cup, now we can consume with confidence. Even if the authors conclude that more research is needed to understand whether the key observed associations are causal, knowing that there is “no consistent evidence of harmful associations between coffee consumption and health outcomes,” is encouraging. Meanwhile, find me in the kitchen making another cup.

虽然有些人对咖啡的反应不佳——这些人应该远离咖啡,还有上面提到的那些人——但好消息是,世界上消费最广泛的饮料之一实际上是健康的。对于我们这些可能会因为喝第三杯而感到有点愧疚的人来说,现在我们可以充满信心地消费了。即使作者得出结论,需要更多的研究来了解所观察到的关键关联是否具有因果关系,知道“没有一致的证据表明饮用咖啡与健康结果之间存在有害联系”也是令人鼓舞的。与此同时,我在厨房又做了一杯咖啡。


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