托福阅读环境类词汇汇总

conservation 保护，保存 ( conserve)v.s. conversation

environmentalist = conservationist

acid 酸 酸的 (<>alkali)acid rain

carbon 碳 (C) v.s. charcoal (炭)carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide

fume exhaust fumesv.s. smoke, fog, smog

petroleum 石油à petrol (BE) = gasoline/gas (AE)à unleaded petrol/gas

ozone 臭氧 (o + zone)ozone layer

ooze 渗出 渗出物

radiation 辐射ultraviolet(UV) radiation~ radioactive

greenhouse 温室greenhouse effect/gases

solar 太阳的 (solar energy)^ lunar (lunar calendar)

phenomenon 现象

catastrophe = disaster, cataclysm

deterioration 恶化 ( deteriorate)

extinction 灭绝 ( extinct)

species endangered species

drought 干旱 (^ “找它”)>>> famine v.s. flooding

recurrent 反复发生的re + (oc)cur + rentv.s. concurrent

inundate 淹没 ^ “淹掉它”

embankment 筑堤 (em + bank + ment)

sediment 沉积(物)= deposit

delta 三角洲the Pearl River Delta

alluvial 冲积的

desertification desert (v.s. dessert)

dust-storm 沙尘暴^ thunderstorm, brainstorm

barren 贫瘠的，不育的，无效的

dune sand dunethe game “DUNE”!

attributable 归因于be attributable to…

deforestation 滥砍滥伐(森林)de + forest + ation<> afforestation/reforestation

log 原木，日志 伐木v.s. logo

vegetation 植物，植被v.s. vegetable, vegetarian

habitat 栖息地 habit (Habit is the second nature.)

ecosystem 生态系统 (eco + system)~ ecology

viability viable “vi”: life养育能力One tool for assessing the impact of forestry on the ecosystem is population viability analysis.

demographic 人口统计的 demo(people) + graph(write) + ic

interdependence inter + dependence

counterbalance 使平衡，弥补 (=offset)counter(against) + balance

mechanism 机理，机制

precipitation 陡降，降水 ( precipice)<> evaporation

circulation 流通，循环

tide à tidal wave (海啸)<> ebb earthquake

typhoon ~ tornado, hurricane

meteorology 气象(学)

volcano 火山

eruption 喷发 ( erupt)volcanic eruption >>> lava

granite 花岗岩

imminent = impending v.s. eminent

Celsius 摄氏的 37OCv.s. centigrade

Fahrenheit 华氏的

latitude 纬度(另) longitude, altitude

tropical (the) tropicstropical/torrid zone, temperate zone, frigid zone

glacier 冰川

dump 倾倒，倾销à anti-dumping

contaminate 弄脏 (à contaminant)

recycle 回收再利用

irreversible 不可逆的 (= irrevocable)

reclaim 开垦，改造 à reclamation

contentious 有争议的 ( contend)Many environmental issues today are highly contentious.

opt 选择(+ for) à option

prioritize 优先考虑 ( prior, priority)