沙特国王废黜侄儿王储 改由儿子接任

沙特阿拉伯国王兼首相萨勒曼21日发布命令，免去他的侄子穆罕默德·本·纳伊夫的王储、副首相和内政大臣职位，任命自己儿子、副王储、第二副首相穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼为王储和副首相，并继续担任国防大臣一职。

Saudi Arabia's Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman (R) shakes hands with a member of the royal family during an allegiance pledging ceremony in Mecca, Saudi Arabia June 21, 2017. Bandar Algaloud/Courtesy of Saudi Royal Court/Handout via REUTERS.

这条新闻出来以后，“废黜”这个词也火了。

废黜，指罢免或革除官职，也可指取消王位或者废除特权地位。这条新闻里的“废黜”一词应该适用于第二个解释。我们来看看外媒都是怎么报道这件事的：

《卫报》

Saudi king ousts nephew to name son as first in line to throne

沙特国王废黜侄子 任命儿子为第一王位继承人

King Salman of Saudi Arabia has ousted his nephew as crown prince and replaced him with his son, Mohammed bin Salman, confirming the 31-year-old as heir and consolidating the kingdom’s move to reassert its influence as a regional power.

沙特国王萨勒曼废除其侄子的王储地位，改由31岁的儿子穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼接任，明确其王位继承人地位，同时为沙特作为地区强国重振雄风提供坚定的支持。

法新社

Saudi king ousts nephew, names son as heir

沙特国王废黜侄子，任命儿子为继承人

Saudi Arabia's King Salman ousted his nephew as crown prince on Wednesday and installed his son Mohammed bin Salman, capping a meteoric rise for the 31-year-old that puts him one step from the throne.

沙特阿拉伯国王萨勒曼21日罢免了侄子的王储之位，让儿子穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼担任，将31岁的儿子火箭提拔至离王位仅一步之遥的地位。

美国有线电视新闻网

Saudi Arabia's king replaces nephew with son as heir to throne

沙特阿拉伯王储实现子侄交接

In a surprise reshuffle at the top of Saudi Arabia's royal hierarchy, the country's king has removed his nephew as crown prince in favor of his son, Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz.

沙特阿拉伯王室高层意外变动，国王免去侄子王储之位，转由儿子穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼接任。

英国广播公司

Saudi king's son Mohammed bin Salman is new crown prince

沙特国王之子穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼成为新王储

Saudi Arabia's king has appointed his son Mohammed bin Salman as crown prince - replacing his nephew, Mohammed bin Nayef, as first in line to the throne.

沙特阿拉伯国王任命自己的儿子穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼为王储，取代其侄子穆罕默德·本·纳伊夫成为王位第一继承人。

路透社

Saudi king empowers young reformer son in succession shake-up

沙特王位继承人变动 年轻改革派上位

Saudi Arabia's King Salman made his son next in line to the throne on Wednesday, handing the 31-year-old sweeping powers as the kingdom seeks a radical overhaul of its oil-dependent economy and faces mounting tensions with regional rival Iran.

沙特阿拉伯国王萨勒曼21日将儿子任命为王位继承人，使31岁的儿子大权在握。沙特目前急需对石油依赖型经济进行改革，同时与地区宿敌伊朗的关系日渐紧张。

彭博社

Saudi King Removes Crown Prince From Post

沙特国王废黜王储

Saudi Arabia’s Deputy Crown Prince Mohammed Bin Salman was promoted to the position of crown prince, replacing his cousin in a surprise announcement that reverberated through the kingdom.

沙特阿拉伯副王储穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼取代其堂兄被升任为王储，这条突如其来的消息在沙特全国引起轰动。

纵观上述几家外媒的报道，我们不难看出中文报道中的“废黜”一词基本来源于oust这个词。韦氏在线词典对oust的解释是：to remove from or dispossess of property or position by legal action, by force, or by the compulsion of necessity(通过法律手段、暴力或者必要的强制措施让某人从某地或者某个岗位离开);to take away (something, such as a right or authority)(剥夺权利或权力) 。

除了oust以外，媒体报道中也频繁使用了remove、replace等意思相近的表达。英语中表达“罢免”之意的词汇不少，但是具体用法有所不同，这里简要给大家列出一些，仅供参考：to replace A with B;to dismiss someone from post;to remove someone from office;to discharge someone from an office or position;to end the employment or service of someone;to relieve someone of one's post等。

沙特阿拉伯的王位继承人是怎么选出来的?

The founder of Saudi Arabia, King Abdulaziz (known as Ibn Saud), had dozens of sons, and there are as many as 15,000 princes and princesses in the royal family.

沙特阿拉伯的创立者阿卜杜拉国王有20多个儿子，整个王室家族有15000个王子和公主。

In 2006, a decree was passed setting up a committee responsible for electing the king and crown prince. The committee is made up of senior princes of the Al Saud royal family and is known as the Allegiance Council.

2006年沙特通过一项法令，决定设立一个委员会来专门负责遴选国王和王储。该委员会被称为“效忠委员会”，由阿卜杜拉王室家族中的高级成员组成。

Mohammed bin Salman's new promotion to crown prince was approved by 31 out of 34 members of the council.

穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼升任王储的提议在该委员会的34名成员中获得了31人的支持。

相关词汇

crown prince 王储

deputy crown prince 副王储

heir to throne 王位继承人

royal decree 王室法令

line of succession 继位顺序