小儿麻痹症在菲律宾被宣布消失19年后卷土重来

小儿麻痹症在菲律宾被宣布消失19年后卷土重来

The Philippines has reported its first case of polio since it was declared free of the childhood disease 19 years ago, dealing a blow to the campaign to eradicate it.

菲律宾报告了自19年前该国宣布摆脱小儿麻痹症以来的首例病例，这对根除小儿麻痹症运动是一个打击。

The country's department of health said the disease was "re-emerging," with a case confirmed in a 3-year-old girl from Lanao del Sur, on the southern island of Mindanao, and a suspected case awaiting confirmation.

该国卫生部表示，该疾病正在“重新出现”，来自南部棉兰老岛南德尔苏尔的一名3岁女童被确认为患该病例，另有一名疑似病例等待确认。

The World Health Organization said it was "very concerned" at the re-emergence of the disease in the country; UNICEF described it as "deeply disconcerting."

世界卫生组织表示，它这种疾病在该国的再度出现“非常关注”;联合国儿童基金会称这“令人深感不安”。

A global campaign to eradicate polio was launched in 1998 and cases due to the wild poliovirus have decreased by more than 99% since then, from an estimated 350,000 cases to 33 reported cases in 2018, according to WHO.

世界卫生组织称，1998年发起了一场全球根除小儿麻痹症运动，自那时以来，由野生小儿麻痹病毒引起的病例减少了99%以上，从估计的35万例减少到2018年报告的33例。

However, the disease is still present in Pakistan and Afghanistan and the emergence of new, vaccine-derived strains of polio have complicated efforts to rid the world of the disease.

然而，小儿麻痹症在巴基斯坦和阿富汗仍然存在，新的疫苗衍生的小儿麻痹症毒株的出现，使世界消除小儿麻痹症的努力变得更加复杂。

The last known case of wild poliovirus in the Philippines was in 1993. The country was declared wild polio-free in 2000 along with the rest of WHO's Western Pacific Region.

菲律宾最后一例已知的野生小儿麻痹病毒病例发生在1993年。2000年，该国与世卫组织西太平洋区域其他国家一起宣布消除小儿麻痹症。

In addition to the confirmed and suspected cases, the polio virus was detected in samples taken from sewage in the capital, Manila, and in waterways in Davao, Mindanao, the country's third-largest city, as part of the regular environmental surveillance, the department said. The samples were verified by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Japan National Institute for Infectious Diseases.

该部门表示，除了确诊和疑似病例外，作为定期环境监测的一部分，还在菲律宾首都马尼拉的污水样本和该国第三大城市棉兰老岛达沃的水道中发现了小儿麻痹病毒。美国疾病预防控制中心和日本国立传染病研究所对这些样本进行了验证。

The government said it was preparing a rapid response to the outbreak in coordination with WHO and UNICEF, with a mass polio immunization campaign for all children under 5 starting in October.

政府说，它正在与世卫组织和联合国儿童基金会协调，准备对疫情作出快速反应，从10月开始为所有5岁以下儿童开展大规模小儿麻痹症免疫运动。

"We strongly urge parents, health workers and local governments to fully participate in the synchronized polio vaccination," Philippines Health Secretary Francisco Duque III said in a statement.

菲律宾卫生部长弗朗西斯科·杜克三世在一份声明中说:“我们强烈敦促家长、卫生工作者和地方政府全面参与小儿麻痹症疫苗接种。”

"It is the only way to stop the polio outbreak and to protect your child against this paralyzing disease."

“这是阻止小儿麻痹症爆发的唯一方法，也是保护你的孩子免受这种麻痹性疾病侵害的唯一方法。”

Polio is an infectious disease which spreads rapidly. It can cause paralysis and, on rare occasions, can be fatal. There is no cure for polio -- it can only be prevented with multiple doses of polio vaccines, WHO said.

小儿麻痹症是一种传播迅速的传染病。它可以导致瘫痪，在极少数情况下，甚至是致命的。世界卫生组织说，目前还没有治愈小儿麻痹症的方法，只能通过多次注射小儿麻痹症疫苗来预防。

"Aside from immunization, we remind the public to practice good personal hygiene, wash their hands regularly, drink safe water, and cook food thoroughly," Duque added.

杜克补充说:“除了免疫接种，我们还提醒公众保持良好的个人卫生，经常洗手，喝安全的水，彻底煮熟食物。”

Trust in vaccines was undermined in the Philippines after the government was forced to suspend a dengue fever vaccination program in 2017. The drug was distributed to more than 800,000 students, but was halted after clinical trial data showed that it could have unintended consequences in non-infected patients.

在菲律宾，政府于2017年被迫暂停登革热疫苗接种计划后，人们对疫苗的信任遭到了破坏。这种药物被分发给了80多万名学生，但在临床试验数据显示，它可能对非感染者产生意想不到的后果后，该项目被叫停。

So far in 2019, there have been 80 cases of vaccine-derived polio, not including the Philippines case, and 78 cases of the wild virus around the world, according to the Polio Global Eradication Initiative.

根据全球根除小儿麻痹症行动的数据，截至2019年，全球已有80例疫苗引发的小儿麻痹症病例(不包括菲律宾的病例)，以及78例野生病毒病例。