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新西兰怀特岛火山爆发

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2019年12月10日

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White Island volcano erupts in New Zealand

新西兰怀特岛火山爆发

New Zealand's White Island volcano erupted Monday, sending a plume of ash about 12,000 feet (3,657 meters) into the sky. There were 47 people on the island at the time, according to an update from the national police, and five deaths have been confirmed. Thirty-four survivors were rescued from the island, most of whom are still being treated in hospitals, but eight people remain unaccounted for.

新西兰怀特岛火山星期一喷发,喷出的火山灰高达1万2千英尺(3657米)。根据国家警察的最新消息,当时岛上有47人,已确认5人死亡。岛上有34名幸存者获救,其中大多数仍在医院接受治疗,但仍有8人下落不明。

Smoke and ash rise from the White Island volcano on Dec. 9 in Whakatane, New Zealand. (Photo: John Boren/Getty Images)

Rescuers have not yet been able to search the island by foot, due to hazardous conditions and the risk of more eruptions, but after multiple reconnaissance flights over the island, authorities have said they don't expect to find more survivors.

由于危险的条件和火山喷发的风险,救援人员还没有能够步行搜索该岛,但经过多次侦察飞行后,当局表示,他们预计不会找到更多的幸存者。

"No signs of life have been seen at any point," the New Zealand Police said in a statement early Tuesday morning. "Police believe that anyone who could have been taken from the island alive was rescued at the time of the evacuation. Based on the information we have, we do not believe there are any survivors on the island."

新西兰警方在周二凌晨的一份声明中表示,“目前还没有发现任何生命迹象。”警方认为,任何可能被生擒的人在撤离时都已获救。根据我们掌握的信息,我们认为岛上没有幸存者。”

White Island, also known as Whakaari, is the most active cone volcano in New Zealand. It's located about 30 miles (48 kilometers) from the east coast of the country's North Island, and serves as a popular tourist attraction. The people visiting the island when it erupted were reportedly both New Zealanders and tourists from overseas, including passengers from a cruise ship that had docked at the island.

怀特岛,也被称为Whakaari,是新西兰最活跃的锥形火山。它位于该国北岛东海岸约30英里(48公里)处,是一个受欢迎的旅游景点。据报道,火山喷发时,来岛上旅游的既有新西兰人,也有来自海外的游客,包括一艘停靠在岛上的游轮上的乘客。

People were seen walking inside the crater moments before it erupted at about 2:11 p.m. local time, the BBC reports. Other visitors had just left the island — including American tourist Michael Schade, who posted videos and descriptions of the aftermath on Twitter. He and his family had just left the island about 20 minutes earlier, he said, but the boat they were on returned to help with rescues.

据英国广播公司报道,当地时间下午2点11分左右,火山爆发前,人们在火山口内行走。其他游客刚刚离开该岛,其中包括美国游客迈克尔·沙德,他在推特上发布了视频和对灾难后果的描述。他说,他和他的家人大约20分钟前刚离开这个岛,但他们乘坐的船返回帮助救援。

There had been signs of heightened activity at the volcano, including reports of elevated background activity dating back weeks, according to GeoNet, a geological hazard monitoring system based in New Zealand. The site reported moderate volcanic unrest in a post on Dec. 3, citing "explosive gas and steam-driven mud jetting" but noting there was no volcanic ash being produced.

根据新西兰地质灾害监测系统GeoNet的数据,已经有迹象表明该火山活动加剧,包括几周前的背景活动加剧的报告。该网站在12月3日的一篇帖子中报道了温和的火山动乱,引用了“爆炸性气体和蒸汽驱动的泥浆喷射”,但没有产生火山灰。

"Overall, the monitored parameters continue to be in the expected range for moderate volcanic unrest and associated hazards exist," the site reported Dec. 3, adding that "the current level of activity does not pose a direct hazard to visitors."

该网站12月3日的报道称,“总的来说,监测的参数仍然在中度火山动荡和相关危险存在的预期范围内”,并补充说,“目前的活动水平不会对游客构成直接威胁。”

The alert level had been raised before the eruption, University of Auckland volcanologist Jan Lindsay tells the BBC, but the amount of activity seen before the eruption isn't necessarily a red flag for such an active volcano. The last eruption at White Island, in 2016, caused no injuries.

奥克兰大学的火山学家Jan Lindsay告诉BBC,火山爆发前的警戒级别已经提高,但是对于这样一座活火山来说,喷发前的活动量并不一定是危险信号。上一次发生在2016年的怀特岛火山喷发没有造成人员伤亡。

"[The volcano] has a persistently active hydrothermal system," Lindsay says, and "if gases build up under a block of clay or mud they can be released quite suddenly."

“(这座火山)有一个持续活跃的水热系统,”林赛说,“如果气体在一块粘土或泥浆下堆积起来,它们会非常突然地释放出来。”


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