大众英语大众英语下3

[00:00.00]Lesson Eighteen ; [00:13.92]Words and Expressions ; [00:17.07]accept/k'sept/ vt.接受 accuse/'kju:z/ vt.指责,控告 ; [00:21.54]advantage /d'va:ntid/n.优点 apply/'plai/ vi.适用 ; [00:26.27]bargain/'ba:gin/ vi.讨价还价,议价 buy/bai/vt.& vi.买 ; [00:30.74]bought/b:t/ (过去式,过去分词) ; [00:32.84]carrier bag /'kri bg/ n.购物袋 ; [00:35.47]cash/k/ n.现金,现款 cheque/tek/ n.支票(=[美]check) ; [00:40.20]close/kluz/vt.关,闭 compare/km'pe/ vt.比较 ; [00:44.93]compensate /'kmpenseit/ vt.& vi.补偿 ; [00:48.34]considerable /kn'sidrbl/ adj.相当大(或多)的 ; [00:51.76]consult/kn'slt/ vt.查阅 i consumer/kn'sju:m/ n.消费者,用户 ; [00:57.27]convenience /kn'vi:nins/ n.便利,方便 ; [00:59.11]convenience food n.方便食品 credit/'kredit/ n.信用 ; [01:04.37]credit card n.信用卡 customary /'kstmri/ adj.习惯的 ; [01:09.63]department store n.百货商店 detection/di'tekn/ n.检测 ; [01:15.41]develop/di'velp/ vt.发展,使成长,使发达 differ/'dif/ vi.不同，相异 ; [01:19.61]differ from 与...不同 discount/'diskaunt/ n.折扣 ; [01:24.60]discount store n.廉价商店 display/dis'plei/ 陈列 ; [01:29.86]electrical /i'lektrikl/ adj.电的,电动的 ; [01:32.75]electronic /ilek'trnik/ adj.电子的 ; [01:35.11]exchange/iks'teind/ vt.交换,调整 faulty/'f:lti/ adj.有缺点的,不完善的 ; [01:39.84]goods/gudz/ n.商品,货物 ; [01:42.47]guarantee /,grn'ti:/ n.保证,保证书 ; [01:44.57]high-street /'haistri:t/ n.(城镇的)主要街道 ; [01:47.46]household /'haushuld/ adj.家庭的 import/im'p:t/vt.进口 ; [01:52.45]internationally /,int:'nnli/ adv.国际上,世界上 ; [01:55.34]internationally-known adj. 国际知名的,世界闻名的 low/lu/adj.低的 ; [02:00.34]major/'meid/ adj.较大的,较重要的 ; [02:03.23]manufacturer /,mnju'fktr/ n.制造商,制造厂 ; [02:05.86]overseas/'uv'si:z/ adj.外国的 part/pa:t/ n.部分 ; [02:10.85]particularly /p'tikjulli/ adv.特别,尤其 ; [02:13.21]pay/pei/ vt.& vi.支付,付款 paid/peid/ (过去式,过去分词) ; [02:17.42]policy/'plisi/ n.政策,方针 ; [02:18.99]preparation /,prep'rein/ n.准备,配制 ; [02:21.88]price/prais/ n.价格,价钱 product/'prdkt/ n.产品 ; [02:26.09]prosecution /,prsi'kju:n/ n.起诉,告发 ; [02:28.98]providing /pr'vaidi/ conj.以...为条件,假如 ; [02:31.61]queue/kju:/n. (人或车辆等)行列,长队 ; [02:33.97]range/reind/ vi.(在一定范围内) 变化,变动 ; [02:36.86]range from...to 在...至..的 范围内变化,变动 ; [02:40.54]receipt/ri'si:t/ n.收据,增值税 ; [02:42.64]resident/'rezidnt/ n.居民 ; [02:45.00]right/rait/ n.权利 ; [02:46.58]self-service /'self's:vis/ n.顾客自理,无人售货 (类似超市) ; [02:49.74]service/'s:vis/ n.服务 shopkeeper /'p,ki:p/n.店主 ; [02:53.68]shoplifting /'p,lifti/ n.冒充顾客进商店行窃 ; [02:56.30]slightly/'slaitli/ adv.稍微 ; [02:58.19]specialize /'spelaiz/ vi.专门从事 ; [03:01.82]specify/'spesifai/ vt.详细说明 sterling/'st:li/ adj.英币的,英镑的 ; [03:06.03]street/stri:t/ n.街道,马路 ; [03:08.92]supermarket /'sju:p,ma:kit/ 超级市场 ; [03:10.76]tax/tks/ n.税 theft/eft/ n.偷窃,盗窃 ; [03:15.75]transfer/trns'f/ vt.转移 traveller/'trvl/ n.旅行者,旅客 ; [03:20.21]traveller's cheque n.旅行支票 unless/n'les,n'les/ n.如果不,除非 ; [03:26.00]useful/ju:sfl/ a.有用的 value/'vlju:/n.价值 ; [03:30.72]VAT /vi:ei'ti,vt/ n.Value Added Ta的首字母略词, ; [03:36.77]Proper Noun Napoleon 拿破仑 ; [03:44.91]TEXT ; [03:46.75]Shopping in Britain ; [03:50.17]Most shops in Britain are closed on Sundays ; [03:54.37]but open all day Monday to Saturday. Many towns and, ; [04:00.42]villages also have a half day closing during the week from about 13:00, ; [04:07.25]but they may stay open later on another evening. ; [04:14.34]There are one or two shopping customs ; [04:16.97]in Britain which may differ from your practice at home. ; [04:21.96]Bargaining is not customary in shops; ; [04:25.90]customers are expected to pay the marked price for goods. ; [04:31.42]The famous British queue applies particularly when shopping. ; [04:37.47]You may not always see a queue, ; [04:41.14]but those waiting are expected to take their turn. ; [04:47.19]In self-service shops and street markets, remember to take your own shopping bag ; [04:54.81]because many shops charge you for carrier bags. ; [05:00.33]In self-service shops, ; [05:02.69]however, always put the goods in the wire baskets provided by the shop first, ; [05:09.52]then pay for them and transfer them to your own bag later. ; [05:16.35]If you forget and put them straight into your own bag and leave without paying, ; [05:24.50]you may be accused of "shoplifting" ; [05:27.91]which can lead to a police prosecution for theft. ; [05:32.38]Unfortunately, this is a fairly common form of theft in some parts of Britain and ; [05:40.26]many shops have electronic detection equipment and a tough policy on prosecution. ; [05:49.46]If you are buying expensive household ; [05:52.88]goods you may like to consult Which magazine in a public library. ; [06:00.23]In this magazine the cost and quality of products from various ; [06:06.54]manufacturers are compared. ; [06:10.22]In recent years, Britain has developed ; [06:13.90]a considerable body of law to protect consumers'rights. ; [06:18.36]For example, ; [06:20.73]shops must exchange faulty goods providing you can produce a receipt, ; [06:27.82]so do keep receipts and guarantees, particularly for major purchases. ; [06:35.97]Napoleon I is said to ; [06:38.86]have remarked over 150 years ago that the British were a nation of shopkeepers', ; [06:47.27]today the variety of different shops is certainly an advantage. ; [06:53.31]They range from the internationally-known ; [06:56.99]department stores to much cheaper local street markets. ; [07:03.29]Most areas have what used to be known as "corner shops" for local residents which ; [07:09.34]often keep longer hours than the high-street shops. ; [07:13.54]Their slightly higher prices are usually compensated for by their convenience. ; [07:22.21]There are also discount stores specializing, for example, ; [07:27.47]in electrical goods, ; [07:29.83]where you may find prices much lower than in the normal high-street shops. ; [07:36.14]In general, supermarkets and street markets are ; [07:40.61]particularly good for fresh fruit and vegetables and in many places they have a ; [07:47.70]wide range of imported foreign foods ; [07:51.12]which may remind you of home! ; [07:54.01]There are also "convenience" foods which are already cooked, ; [07:59.52]need little preparation and are useful for people in a hurry. ; [08:05.83]VAT or Value Added Tax is a government purchase tax of ; [08:11.87]fifteen percent added to many goods and most services. ; [08:17.92]Most prices include tax unless otherwise specified, ; [08:23.96]but on large purchases it is wise to check. ; [08:28.95]As an overseas visitor you might not have to pay VAT on some large purchases. ; [08:36.84]You can pay for goods by cash, ; [08:40.25]by cheque on a British bank account with a bank guarantee card, ; [08:46.03]or by sterling travellers'cheques, usually with no problem. ; [08:51.02]If the shop displays a credit card sign, ; [08:54.44]it will accept that particular credit card. ; [09:02.06]Lesson Nineteen ; [09:04.69]Words and Expressions ; [09:07.58]advancement /d'va:nsmnt/ n.前进;进展 ; [09:07.58]angry /'gri/ adj.生气的 ; [09:10.47]biz/biz/=business n.[美俚]商业;生意 chain/tein/ n.连锁,连锁店 ; [09:16.51]childrearing /'taildriri/ n.抚养孩子 ; [09:18.88]combine/km'bain/ vt.使结合 ; [09:21.24]commute/k'mju:t/ vi.两地往返; 乘公交车辆上下班 ; [09:26.50]commuter/ka'mju:t/ n.两地往返的人 conduct/kn'dkt/ vt.经营;处理 ; [09:28.34]disappear/dis'pi/ vi.不见;消失 distance/'distns/ n.距离 ; [09:33.33]earache/'ireik/ n.耳痛 ; [09:35.33]enthusiasm /in'ju:zizm/ n.热情 ; [09:39.37]estimate/'estimeit/ vt.& vi.& n.估计 flexible/'fleksbl/ adj.可变通的,灵活的 ; [09:44.36]fly/flai/vi.乘飞机 flew/flu:/(过去式) flown/flown/(过去分词) ; [09:51.72]further/'f:/ adj.更远的;进一步的 graduate/'grdjuit/ n.大学毕业生 ; [09:56.19]hard /ha:d/adj.艰苦的 hate/heit/痛恨,不喜欢 increase/in'kri:s/ vt.& vi.增加 ; [10:03.54]independent /,indi'pendnt/ adj.独立的 ; [10:06.70]journalism /'d:nlizm/ n.新闻业 ; [10:09.59]marriage/'mrid/ n.结婚 memorize/'memraiz/ vt.记住 ; [10:14.06]mommy/'mmi/ n.[美]妈咪 ; [10:16.16]newscaster /'nju:zk:st/ n.新闻广播员 ; [10:19.84]obstacle/'bstkl/ n.障碍 own/un/ vt.拥有 ; [10:24.04]plus/pls/ prep.加上 politics/'plitiks/ n.政治 ; [10:29.30]producer/pr'dju:s/ n.生产者; (电影或电视)制作人 ; [10:31.13]reach/ri:t/vt.达到 requirement /ri'kwaimnt/ n.要求 ; [10:36.92]researcher /ri's:t/n.研究人员 respond/ris'pnd/ vi.回答;反应 ; [10:42.17]scarce/skes/ adj.缺乏的;罕见地 ; [10:45.06]schedule/'edju:l/ [美]/'skedul/ n.日程表,时间表 ; [10:49.79]sense/sens/n.感觉 separation /,sep'rein/ n.分离;(夫妻)分居 ; [10:54.78]solidLy/'slidli/ adv.坚固地;可靠地 support/s'po:t/ vt.支持 ; [11:00.04]telephone /'telifun/ n.电话 ; [11:02.67]tend/tend/vi.趋向 toddler/'tdl/ n.蹒跚行走的孩子 ; [11:07.13]tolerance/'tlrns/ n.忍受 tuck/tk/ vt.掖好(被子)等 ; [11:12.13]vice/vais/副的 wake/weik/叫醒 woke/wouk/(过去式) ; [11:16.59]waken/'weikn/ (过去分词) whatever/wt'ev/ pron.无论什么 ; [11:24.74]Proper Nouns Bob/'bb/(男人名) Boston/'bstn/ (美国)波士顿(市) ; [11:32.36]Davis/'deivis/ (姓) Doris/'dris/(女人名) ; [11:38.40]Etelson/'i:tlsn/ (姓) Hayden/'heidn/(姓) ; [11:42.87]Kate/'keit/(女人名) Long(姓) Newark/'nju(:)k/ [美国]纽瓦克 ; [11:50.49]Ohio/u'haiu/(美国) 俄亥俄(州) Robert/'rbt/ (男人名) ; [11:55.74]Susan/'su:zn/(女人名) Yarmouth Port (美国地名) ; [12:01.52]TEXT ; [12:03.10]The Ways and Means of Lons-Distance Marriases ; [12:07.57]Kate Hayden,32,and Bob Long,37,a couple for eight years and ; [12:17.29]a married couple for four, have never lived together in the same town or house. ; [12:25.70]She is a newscaster at WABC-TV in New York City. ; [12:33.32]He is an independent TV producer-director in Los Angeles. ; [12:40.41]Kate is on call seven days a week, ; [12:43.83]so Bob flies in to spend two weeks with her every month. ; [12:50.13]The rest of the marriage is conducted by telephone. ; [12:55.13]They talk six or seven times a day, and last month their phone bill was $800." ; [13:04.32]I tuck her in at night and wake her up in the morning," says Bob. ; [13:10.63]"There is nothing good about separation, but we refuse to let it be an obstacle." ; [13:19.04]Such determination helps. ; [13:23.50]There are at least 700,000 commuter couples, ; [13:27.71]according to some estimates. ; [13:30.60]The requirements are simple enough-jobs in two different cities, ; [13:36.90]each too good to turn down,a full-time sense of humor, ; [13:42.68]the ability to memorize airline schedules plus a tolerance for the ; [13:49.25]earaches that come from hours on the telephone. ; [13:53.19]According to the researchers, ; [13:55.82]about half of these married commuters are in the academic world, ; [14:01.87]where work schedules are flexible and jobs too scarce to turn down. ; [14:08.43]But the numbers are increasing in business, ; [14:11.59]politics, show biz, and journalism. ; [14:16.05]The education level is high-about 90 percent have done some graduate work. ; [14:23.41]Family income tends to average $ 3000 to $ 40000 a year. ; [14:31.82]Often the commuting comes about because ; [14:35.76]the wife has reached a level at which further advancement means moving, ; [14:41.28]and the husband solidly supports the move. ; [14:44.96]Doris Etelson,51, the first woman vice-president of Howard Johnson Co., ; [14:53.10]the restaurant chain, has been married for 32 years and commuting for five. ; [15:01.25]When she was offered the job in Boston, her husband Robert, ; [15:07.03]54,who owns a company in Newark, responded with enthusiasm. ; [15:13.86]"She supported me for years," ; [15:16.75]he says, "and now she should get whatever success she can get." ; [15:23.06]Combining long-distance marriage ; [15:25.95]with childrearing is the hardest part of commuting. ; [15:30.15]One two-year-old child of a commuter marriage, ; [15:33.57]who lives with his father in Yarmouth Port, Massachusetts, ; [15:38.82]has been to the airport so often that he calls all airplanes "Mommy". ; [15:45.39]Some toddlers,like the 18-month-old daughter of Susan Davis, ; [15:51.43]just hate commuting. "She was really very angry ; [15:55.90]that her father had disappeared, "says Susan." ; [15:59.58]He would kiss her and she would turn her head away." ; [16:04.05]So Susan's husband gave up a high-level job in Ohio and is now back in Chicago. ; [16:14.56]Lesson Twenty ; [16:17.19]Words and Expressions ; [16:21.13]anti-/'nti/ [前缀]表示 "反,抗,排斥" ; [16:24.02]Asian/'ein/adj.亚洲的 aspect/'spekt/ n. (问题,事物等的)方面 ; [16:32.16]basically/'beisikli/ adv.基本上 bi-[前缀]表示二(倍) 两,双,重复 ; [16:39.78]bicultural /bai'kltrl/ adj.两种文化的 ; [16:43.46]bilingual /bai'ligwl/ adj.两种语言的, (能)使用两种语言的 ; [16:46.09]border/'b:d/ n.边界,国界 brand/brnd/ n.商标,牌子 ; [16:52.13]Canadian /k'neidn/ adj.加拿大的 n.加拿大人 ; [16:55.02]complain/km'plein/ vi.抱怨 countryman /'kntrimn/n.同胞 ; [17:02.12]cross/krs/ vt.越过,穿过 ; [17:05.27]difference /'difrns/ n.差异,差别 ; [17:08.42]disturb/dis't:b/ vt.打扰(某人), 扰乱(人心) ; [17:12.10]economic /,i:k'nmik/ adj.经济(上)的 ; [17:14.47]effect/i'fekt/ n.影响,作用 emotion/i'mun/ n.感情,情绪 ; [17:24.19]escape/is'keip/ vi.逃跑 ; [17:26.19]European /,jur'pin/ adv.欧洲的 ; [17:32.86]exclusively /iks'klu:sivli/ adv.全部地 ; [17:41.53]finger/'fig/ n.手指 ; [17:41.79]foreignness /'frinis/n. 具有外国特点的性质 或状态 ; [17:46.52]franchise/'frntaiz/ vt.给...以特许 gas/gs/n.[美口]汽油 ; [17:53.62]human/'hju:mn/ adj.人的,人类的 inhabitant /,in'hebitnt/n.居民 ; [18:01.24]interior/in'tiri/ adj.内部的,内地的 intrigue/in'tri:g/ adj.引起..的兴趣 ; [18:10.96]large/la:d/adj.大的 latter/'lt/adj. (两者中)后者的 ; [18:17.79]line/lain/vt.沿..排列 magazine/,mg'zi:n/ n.杂志,期刊 ; [18:24.36]majority /m'driti/ n.多数,大多数 ; [18:28.04]makeup/'meikp/ n.组成,构成 ; [18:31.72]motel/mu'tel/ n.(附有停车场设施) 汽车游客旅馆 ; [18:35.66]movement/'mu:vmnt/ n.(政治,社会或思想) 运动 ; [18:38.81]mysterious /mis'tiris/ adj.神秘的,不可思议 ; [18:43.01]nationalist /'nnlist/ adj.民族主义的 ; [18:46.96]nature/'neit/ n.大自然 neither/'nai/ adv.也不 ; [18:55.10]novel/'nvl/ n.(长篇)小说 official/'fil/ adj.官方的,法定的 ; [19:07.98]operation /,p'rein/ n.[美]经营;业务 ; [19:09.98]outward/'autwad/ adj.向外地 ; [19:12.71]palace/'plis/ n.官殿,宏伟的建筑物 pardon/'pa:dn/vt.原谅 ; [19:20.59]powerful/'paufl/ adj.强大的 presence/'prezns/ n.存在 ; [19:29.00]pressure/'pre/ n.压力 province/'prvins/ n.省 ; [19:40.56]race/reis/n.种族,民族 removed /ri'mu:vd/ adj.远离 ; [19:44.76]resistance /ri'zistns/ n.反抗,抵抗 ; [19:48.44]separatist /'seprtist/ adj.主张独立地, 主张脱离的 ; [19:52.65]soul/sul/n.灵魂,心灵 stand/stnd/n.摊 station/'stein/ n.站 ; [20:04.21]style/stail/ n.风格,作风 suggest/s'dest/ vt.暗示 ; [20:12.09]superhighway / ,sju:p'haiwei/ n.超级公路 (供高速运输用) ; [20:16.56]supporter/s'p:t/ n.支持者,拥护者 tension/'tenn/ n.紧张(指心理状态等) ; [20:24.70]twist/twist/ vi.曲折(穿行) unique/ju'ni:k/ adj.独一无二 ; [20:31.80]wilderness /'wildnis/ n.荒野,荒地 ; [20:35.74]wood/wud/ n.(通常用复数) 树林,森林 ; [20:40.20]Proper Nouns America/'merik/ n.美州 ; [20:45.98]Asian/'ein/ adj.亚洲的 Canadian/k'neidjn/ adj.加拿大的 ; [20:52.29]European /,jur'pin/ adj.欧洲的 ; [20:56.23]Quebec/kwi'bek/ n.魁北克 ; [21:01.22]TEXT ; [21:03.06]"We re not the same." ; [21:08.06]Outward displays of emotion are not part of the Canadian style. ; [21:14.63]We are basically a northern people. ; [21:19.35]We do not live in the street as southern races do. ; [21:24.61]We are an interior people in more ways than one. ; [21:31.70]The Americans are far more outgoing than we are.One reason for this, ; [21:39.06]I think,is the very real presence of nature in our lives. ; [21:48.00]Although it is true that we are city folk, ; [21:51.15]most of us live within a few hours drive of the wilderness. ; [21:58.50]We escape to the woods whenever we can. ; [22:02.71]No Canadian city is far removed from those mysterious ; [22:09.02]and silent places which can have such an effect on the human soul. ; [22:16.63]There is another aspect of my country that makes it u-nique in the Americas, ; [22:23.99]and that is our bilingual and bicultural makeup. ; [22:30.56](Canada has two official languages, English and French, ; [22:37.39]and in its largest province a majority ; [22:40.81]of the inhabitants speak the latter almost exclusively.) ; [22:47.38]Visitors are intrigued by the "foreignness" of Quebec City, ; [22:53.68]with its twisting streets and its French-style cooking. ; [23:00.25]But there is also a disturbing regional tension. ; [23:05.51]Quebec has become a nation within a nation, ; [23:11.03]and the separatist movement is powerful there. ; [23:16.02]French Canada's resistance to English ; [23:20.22]Canada's cultural and economic pressure can be seen as similar ; [23:26.27]to English Canada's resistance to the same kind of pressure from the United States. ; [23:35.20]This helps to explain why many English-speaking Canadians ; [23:40.19]who call themselves nationalists are ; [23:45.97]strong supporters of special rights for the province of Quebec. ; [23:52.02]This is not to suggest that Canadians are anti-American. ; [23:57.80]If anything, the opposite is true. We watch American television programs. ; [24:02.79]We read American magazines and the American best-selling novels. ; [24:13.82]We tend to prefer American-made cars over the European and Asian products. ; [24:22.23]We welcome hundreds of thousands of American tourists ; [24:25.91]to our country every year and don't complain much when ; [24:32.22]they tell us that we're exactly the same as they are. ; [24:37.47]Of course,we're not the same. ; [24:40.89]But the visitor may be pardoned for thinking ; [24:43.78]so when he or she first crosses the border. ; [24:49.56]The buildings in our cities are designed in the international styles. ; [24:55.87]The brand names in the supermarkets are all familiar. ; [25:01.38]The chicken palaces, hot dog stands, gas stations, ; [25:06.38]and motels that line our superhighways are American fran-chised operations. ; [25:14.78]It is only after several days that the newcomer ; [25:17.67]begins to sense a difference. ; [25:23.45]He cannot put his finger on that difference, but then, ; [25:28.19]neither can many of my country?men. ; [25:32.39]The only thing we are really sure of is that we are not Americans. ; [25:45.53]Lesson Twenty-one ; [25:47.89]Words and Expressions ; [25:52.88]anxiously /'ksli/ adv.忧虑地, 担心地,焦急地 ; [25:56.30]billy/'bili/ n.(野外烹饪或 烧水用的)铁罐 ; [25:59.72]blood/bld/n.血 breathe/bri:/ vi.呼吸 ; [26:07.07]chest/test/ n.胸腔,胸膛 ; [26:10.75]comfortable /'kmftbl/ adj.舒服的,舒适的 ; [26:13.38]companion /km'pnjn/n.同伴 condition /kn'din/ n.条件 ; [26:21.79]defend /di'fend/ vt.保卫 drag/drg/vt.拖,拉 ; [26:28.36]gate/geit/n.大门 gently/'dentli/ adv.轻轻地 hind /haid/adj.后面 ; [26:38.34]hind leg 后退 hurt/h:t/ vt. & vi.(使受)伤痛 ; [26:45.70]hut/ht/n.小屋,棚屋 leg /leg/n.腿 lift/lift/vt.提起,举起 mad /md/adj.发疯的 ; [27:04.88]pain/pein/ n.(肉体上的)痛,疼痛 ; [27:09.35]pause/p:z/vi.暂停,停顿 rib/rib/n.肋骨 shepherd/'epd/ n.牧羊人,羊倌 ; [27:20.38]smile/smail/vi.& n. 微笑 ; [27:24.85]swag/swg/n. [澳](步行者或矿工等) 行李包,包袱 ; [27:29.31]though/u/ conj.虽然,尽管 till/til/prep.&conj. 直到...为止 ; [27:36.41]towards/t'w:dz/ 向,朝 undress/n'dres/ vi.脱衣服 ; [27:44.29]Proper Nouns Lawson/'l:sn/(姓) Macquarie/m'kwri/ (姓) ; [27:53.75]Tally /'tli/(在本课作狗名) ; [28:54.45]TEXT A Man and His Dog after Henry Lawson ; [29:03.38]Macquarie the shepherd had had an accident. At least, that was his story. ; [29:12.05]In fact, he had had a fight in a bar. He had several broken ribs, ; [29:17.04]and his head was covered with blood. His dog, Tally, ; [29:23.61]had tried to defend him and one of its hind legs had been broken. ; [29:33.60]After the fight, ; [29:35.96]Macquarie had picked up his swag and had walked to the nearest hospital. ; [29:41.74]The dog had followed him all the way, on three legs. ; [29:48.84]The doctor examined him.He was surprised that the old ; [29:54.88]man had been able to walk so far. "You can have a bed here till you're better," ; [30:02.76]he said. "But we can't have that dog in the hospital. ; [30:06.71]Dogs aren't allowed here." ; [30:10.65]"You can put him in that hut outside," said Macquarie. ; [30:16.95]"No.He must go somewhere else. Dogs aren't allowed inside the gates. ; [30:23.00]This hospital is for people,not for animals." ; [30:29.30]Macquarie rose slowly to his feet, though the pain in his ribs was terrible. ; [30:36.92]He dragged himself across the room to ; [30:39.55]the corner where his dog was guarding his swag. ; [30:45.07]"What are you going to do?"the doctor asked. ; [30:49.80]"If my dog can't stay, I can't." ; [30:54.53]He lifted his swag, but the pain was so great that he dropped it again. ; [31:00.31]"You must be mad," the doctor said." You can't leave here in that condition. ; [31:07.93]Let the nurse help you to undress. ; [31:10.82]Then get into bed, and I'II deal with your broken ribs." ; [31:15.55]"No!" said Macquarie. "No.My dog needs more help than I do. ; [31:23.43]I've only hurt my chest, but he has a broken leg." ; [31:28.95]He paused. Even breathing gave him a lot of pain. ; [31:35.78]"That old dog has followed me for twelve hungry years. ; [31:41.56]He's my only friend in the world." He paused again. ; [31:48.92]Then he added with a sad smile'-"That dog was born in the bush. ; [31:56.27]His mother died a few weeks later. ; [32:00.48]I carried him in a billy till he was old enough to walk far. ; [32:06.52]He has been a true companion. Several times he has saved my life." ; [32:14.93]The dog raised itself on its three good legs and looked anxiously at the old man's face. ; [32:25.18]He gently touched its head. ; [32:29.12]Then he picked up the swag and took two steps towards the door. ; [32:35.69]But he never reached it.The nurse and the doctor caught him as he fell. ; [32:44.88]When he woke, an hour later,he was in bed. His chest was feeling more comfortable. ; [32:54.87]"Where's my dog?" he asked at once. "Oh, the dog' s all right," ; [33:01.70]said the nurse. "Don't worry. ; [33:05.12]The doctor's fixing his leg in the hut outside. ; [33:09.32]He couldn't send away your only friend." ; [33:15.10]Lesson Twenty-Two ; [33:17.47]Words and Expressions ; [33:21.15]acceptable /k'septbl/ adj可接受的 ; [33:22.98]acceptance /k'septns/ n.接受 ; [33:26.40]agreement /'grirmnt/ n.同意 ; [33:28.77]argue/'a:gju:/ vi.争论 aside/'said/ adv.在旁边;到一边 ; [33:32.97]base/beis/ n.基础 blare/ble/ vi.大声放音 ; [33:37.44]bother/'b/vt.烦扰 comment/'kment/ n.评论 ; [33:38.75]companionship /km'pnjnip/ n.同伴关系 ; [33:45.17]confusing /kn'fju:zi/ adj.令人糊涂的 ; [33:47.17]consider/kn'sid/ vt.考虑,认为 ; [33:50.31]conversational /,knv'seinl/ adj.会话的 court/k:t/n.法庭 ; [33:55.30]diplomat/'diplmt/ n.外交官 direction/di'rekn/ n.方向 ; [33:59.77]disagree/,dis'gri:/ vi.不同意 draw/dr:/ vt.拖,拉 ; [34:05.03]extent/iks'tent/ n.程度 fill/fil/vt.填补 ; [34:10.81]formal/'f:ml/ adj.正式的;拘谨的 ; [34:13.43]formality /f:'mliti/ n.正式;拘谨 ; [34:16.59]heritage/'heritid/ n.传统;遗产 housewife/'hauswaif/ n.家庭妇女 ; [34:18.95]immediate/i'mi:djt/ adj.直接的;立即的 ; [34:22.89]impolite/,imp'lait/ adj.不礼貌的 indicate/'indikeit/ vt.表明 ; [34:28.41]inherit/in'herit/ vt.继承 judge /dd/ n.法官 ; [34:34.45]merely/'mili/ ady.仅仅 military/'militri/ adj.军事的 ; [34:38.92]mininium/'minimm/ adj.最小的 Ms./miz/ n.女士 ; [34:43.39]nationality /,nae'nliti/ n.民族 ; [34:46.54]noticeably /'nutisbli/ adv.明显地 ; [34:48.91]occupational /,kju'peinl/ adj.职业的 ; [34:51.27]offend/'fend/ vt.冒犯;触怒 officer/'fis/ n.官员,军官 ; [34:55.74]personal/'p:snl/ adj.个人的;私人的 position/p'zin/ n.地位 ; [34:58.89]post/pust/ n.职位 priest/pri:st/n.牧师 ; [35:07.30]questioner /'kwestn/询问者 quietness/'kwaitnis/ n.安静 ; [35:12.29]rank/rk/ n.等价;地位 ; [35:14.66]recognition /,rekg'nin/ n.承认;公认 ; [35:17.28]relationship /ri'leinip/ n.关系 ; [35:20.70]request/ri'kwest/ n.& vt.请求 respect/ris'pekt/ n.& vt.尊敬 ; [35:25.69]result/ri'zlt/n.结果 search/s:t/ n.& v.搜寻 ; [35:31.47]senate/'senit/ n.(美国的)参议院; 立法机构 ; [35:33.58]shock/k/ n.冲击;震惊 silence/'sailns/ n.沉默 ; [35:39.88]simply/'simpli/ adv.简单地 somewhat/'smwt/ adv.有点;稍微 ; [35:44.87]sound/saund/ n.声音 standard /'stndd/n.标准 ; [35:50.65]stiff/stif/ adj.拘谨;生硬 topic/'tpik/ n.题目 ; [35:55.38]treat/tri:t/vt.对待 variation /,veri'ein/ n.变化 ; [36:00.64]whole/hul/ adj.完整;n.全部 Proper Nouns ; [36:05.89]Andrew/'ndru:/ (男人名) Brown/braun/(人名) ; [36:10.36]Hartley/'ha:tli/(人名) RockefeUer /'rkifel/ (人名) ; [36:13.36]Sally/'sli/(女人名) ; [36:18.77]Text ; [36:20.87]When You Are with Americans ; [36:23.50]Doing Your Own Thing Because our people have come from so many nationalities, ; [36:32.17]there is a far wider range of what is "acceptable" ; [36:37.16]than in some countries where the inhabitants have grown up with a common heritage. ; [36:43.99]As a result,no one needs to feel ; [36:47.67]uncomfortable in following his or her own customs. ; [36:53.45]Although Americans are noticeably informal, ; [36:57.92]if you prefer somewhat greater formality, feel free to act in your own way. ; [37:06.07]This will be acceptable to those around you. ; [37:10.27]As the young say, ; [37:12.11]each person can "do his own thing" and be respected here to a very large extent. ; [37:21.83]Personal Questions Conversational questions may seem to ; [37:29.19]you both too personal and too many, especially when you first arrive. ; [37:36.28]"Where do you work?" "Are you married?" "How many children do you have?" ; [37:42.85]"Have you taken your vacation yet?" ; [37:46.27]are not personal questions by American standards. ; [37:49.95]They are a search for common ground on which to build a ; [37:55.20]relationship or base a conversation. ; [37:59.93]Understand that such questions are meant to be friendly. ; [38:04.66]It shows the questioner is interested in you. ; [38:10.44]If you are asked questions that seem to you to be too personal, ; [38:16.22]you need not answer them. ; [38:18.59]You can simply smile or say pleasantly ; [38:22.53]that you "do not know" or "In my country that would be a funny question," ; [38:30.41]or turn the questions gently aside by some comment such as ; [38:35.14]"Isn't it interesting to see how different nationalities begin a conversation?" ; [38:41.71]or something similar. If you do that, follow it quickly with another topic, ; [38:49.33]or make some comment of your own on variations in customs, ; [38:54.06]or lead the conversation off in some other direction. ; [38:59.58]The American will not be offended, but he or she will get the point. ; [39:06.15]Meeting People The whole matter of ; [39:10.61]names is a "culture shock" to many people. ; [39:14.55]Americans have a minimum feeling for "rank," especially socially. ; [39:21.38]Most do not themselves enjoy being treated with special respect for age or position; ; [39:28.48]it makes them uncomfortable. ; [39:31.89]Many Americans find even the terms "Mr.","Mrs.",or"Ms." stiff and formal. ; [39:40.83]You hear people well beyond middle age say-even to quite ; [39:46.08]young people-"Just call me Sally (or Henry or Don)." ; [39:52.65]Being on first-name terms is taken as a sign of acceptance and friendliness. ; [40:00.27]However,this need not bother you. ; [40:04.21]If you are not comfortable in ; [40:06.05]following the boss's immediate request to "Call me Andrew," ; [40:11.57]it is quite all right. Just smile and say "After a while perhaps, ; [40:18.67]but thank you anyway." What we do use, however, ; [40:23.92]are occupational titles. These are considered to be different, ; [40:30.75]because they show a recognition that has been earned, ; [40:35.22]not merely inherited. Occupations that most ; [40:40.74]frequently carry titles include diplomats, ; [40:45.20]members of the Senate (or certain other top government posts), ; [40:50.98]judges of the courts, military officers above a certain rank, ; [40:57.03]medical doctors, professors and priests. Examples would be Ambassador Jones, ; [41:05.96]Senator Smith, Governor Rockefeller, Judge Hartley, General Clark, ; [41:14.63]Doctor Brown (medical), Doctor Green(Ph. D.), Father White. ; [41:24.35]Silence Many Americans find silence uncomfortable. ; [41:31.97]They will say anything to fill any quietness if it extends for more than a moment. ; [41:39.33]Students often study with their radios blaring; ; [41:44.32]housewives leave televisions on for ; [41:47.48]the "companionship" of sound even though they may be working in some other room. ; [41:55.10]If you are silent for long periods, ; [41:59.04]they will do their best to "draw you out" ; [42:03.24]or will ask if you feel all right or if there is anything they can do to help you. ; [42:11.39]One aspect of silence can be confusing, however; ; [42:16.12]if Americans disagree with what you are saying, ; [42:20.85]many of them will remain quiet. This may not indicate agreement; ; [42:28.47]often it only means that they consider it impolite to argue further. ; [42:37.40]Lesson Twenty-three ; [42:40.29]Words and Expressions ; [42:43.44]apartment /'pa:tmnt/[美] 一套公寓房间 ; [42:45.55]asleep/'sli:p/ adj.睡着,睡熟 awake/'weik/醒 ; [42:50.28]awoke/'wuk/(过去式) awoke或awaked (过去分词) ; [42:57.37]basement/'beismnt/ n.地下室,底层 bench/bent/ n.长凳 ; [43:02.10]boat/but/ n.小船,艇 can/kn/n. [美](包藏食物的)罐头 ; [43:06.83]canning factory 罐头食品制造厂 crane/krein/ n.鹤 ; [43:12.61]creep/kri:p/ vi.爬行 crept(过去式, 过去分词) ; [43:17.08]cry/krai/vi.& vt. duck/dk/n.鸭 fisherman/'fimn/ n.捕鱼人 ; [43:24.43]fly/flai/vi.飞 flew/flu:/(过去式) flown/flun/(过去分词) ; [43:32.05]free/fri:/vt.使自由 hallway/'h:lwei/ n.[美]门厅,过道 ; [43:36.52]jump /dmp/vt.跳过 knock/nk/ vt.& n.敲,击,打 ; [43:41.51]koh/ku/n.鸟叫声 lake/leik/n.湖 nap/np/n.打盹,瞌睡 ; [43:48.34]nowhere/'nuwe/ n.无处 pack/pk/vt.包装 ; [43:53.60]plate/pleit/n.盘子 repair/ri'pe/vt.修理 roll/rul/vt.使滚动 ; [44:00.17]rope/rup/n.绳,索 sail/seil/vt.开(船) shine/ain/vi. 发光,发亮 ; [44:07.00]shone/n;un/ (过去式,过去分词) sir/强s:;弱s/ n.先生,阁下 ; [44:11.99]softly/'sftli/ adv.柔和地,轻轻地 stone/stun/ n.石头,石 ; [44:17.77]struggle/'strgl/ vi.挣扎 surface/'s:fis/ n.面,表面 ; [44:23.03]tiny/'taini/ adj.极小的 toy/ti/n.玩具 ; [44:29.07]tuna/'t(j)u:n/ n.金枪鱼 Proper Nouns ; [44:33.01]Karen/'kern/ Myoto/'mjutu/ ; [44:38.27]Text ; [44:40.63]The Crane Girl (1) ; [44:44.84]In a city by the sea, there lived an old man and his wife. ; [44:50.36]They were very poor because they were too old to work. ; [44:55.35]All his life, the old man had been a tuna fisherman. ; [45:00.87]He sold his fish to the city canning factory. ; [45:06.91]The old woman had worked in a Japanese restaurant. ; [45:11.11]They had lived well. But now that they were too old to work, they had no money. ; [45:20.84]The couple lived in a tiny apartment in the basement of a big apartment house. ; [45:28.45]The old man repaired things that broke down in the other apartments. ; [45:35.02]He had sold his fishing boat ; [45:38.33]so that he and the old woman could use the money. ; [45:41.33]The old woman walked the dogs of the other people in the apartment building. ; [45:47.11]They had little money, but they were happy. ; [45:52.63]One morning the old man got all of his work done early, ; [45:57.88]and he decided to spent the rest of the day at the park. ; [46:03.14]He went into his apartment and packed himself a bit of lunch. ; [46:08.39]He was looking forward to spending the day in the sunshine. ; [46:14.44]When he arrived at the park, he was tired from the walk. ; [46:20.48]He picked out a bench in the sun and sat down to eat his lunch. ; [46:26.00]From his bench he could see the park lake. ; [46:30.73]He liked to watch the ducks swim. ; [46:33.88]There were children at the water's edge sailing their toy boats. ; [46:40.45]Once in a while a fish would jump on the lake surface. ; [46:45.97]That reminded him of the days when he was a fisherman. ; [46:51.49]As he sat eating his sandwich,he heard the cry of a bird, Koh, ; [46:57.53]Koh, near the water's edge. ; [47:01.47]The old man walked to the bushes at the ; [47:04.62]water's edge and saw a struggling white crane. ; [47:09.09]It must have been one of the animals that belonged to the park. ; [47:14.08]Its foot was caught between two stones, and it could not fly. ; [47:20.65]Feeling sorry for the great bird, the old man crept close, ; [47:26.70]and, speaking softly to calm the crane, he rolled the stones a-part and freed it. ; [47:36.15]With a cry of Koh, ; [47:39.04]Koh, the crane rose into the air and flew to the other side of the lake. ; [47:45.88]The old man returned to his bench. ; [47:49.29]He watched the children with their boats until he nodded off to sleep. ; [47:56.65]After a short nap, he awoke and started home. ; [48:01.64]It would be time to help his wife prepare dinner. ; [48:06.37]While they were working in the kitchen, ; [48:08.47]he told her about freeing the crane. "That was nice," ; [48:16.09]she said. "Doesn't it make you feel good to know that you helped the bird?" ; [48:22.40]As soon as she spoke, there was a knock on the door. ; [48:27.92]The old man answered the door and found a small, ; [48:32.43]Japanese girl standing there. ; [48:36.33]Her little face shone with the light from the hallway. ; [48:41.06]She was quite beautiful. ; [48:44.21]"Please excuse me for knocking at your door, sir. ; [48:47.62]I was in the park with my mother and father. ; [48:52.09]I jumped rope with some other children. ; [48:55.77]When I went back to find my parents, they were gone. ; [49:00.50]I have nowhere to go. I saw your light, so I came in here. ; [49:07.59]My name is Karen Myoto."Poor girl," cried the old woman. ; [49:14.95]"Come in, dear, and have dinner with us." A third plate was put on the table, ; [49:22.57]and the old couple shared their meal with the girl. ; [49:27.30]After dinner the old woman made her a bed ; [49:31.50]on the sofa while the old man cleaned up in the kitchen. ; [49:37.02]The girl fell asleep the moment she got into bed. ; [49:42.02]Lesson twenty-four ; [49:44.12]Words and Expressions ; [49:47.12]amaze/'meiz/ vt.使惊奇,惊噩 arm/a:m/n.臂 ; [49:51.74]in one's arms bolt/bult/ n.(棉布等的)匹 ; [49:57.25]cake/keik/ n.饼,糕 careful/'kefl/ adj.仔细的,小心的 ; [50:01.72]cloth/kl:/ n.布(棉,毛,丝,麻, 合成纤维等)织物 ; [50:04.61]crack/krk/ n.裂缝,缝隙 ; [50:06.45]dollar/'dl/元 (美国,加拿大等国的 货币单位,符号为$) ; [50:09.08]fabric/'fbrik/ n.织物,布 feast/'fi:st/n.盛宴 ; [50:14.86]feather/'fe/ n.羽毛 furnace/'f:nis/ n.炉子 ; [50:19.59]giant/'daint/ adj.巨大的 gift/gift/ n.礼物 ; [50:24.58]hard/ha:d/ adj.艰难的 kindness/'kaindnis/ n.仁慈,照顾 ; [50:29.84]laughter/'la:ft/ n.笑声,笑 loom/lu:m/n.织机 ; [50:34.83]merchant/'m:tnt/ n.商人 ; [50:37.72]neighborhood /'neibhud/ n.[美]附近,四邻 [英]neighbourhood ; [50:40.35]neighbor/'neib/ n.[美]neighbour [英]邻居,邻人 ; [50:43.24]owner/'un/ n.所有人,物主 payment/'peimnt/ n.报偿,支付 ; [50:48.75]peek/pi:k/ vi.从缝隙看,偷看 pleasure/'ple/ n.愉快,乐趣 ; [50:54.27]pull/pul/vt.拉,拔 repay/ri:'pei/ vt.& vi.偿还,报答 ; [50:58.74]repaid/ri:'peid/ (过去式,过去分词) reward/ri'w:d/ n.报酬,奖赏 ; [51:04.52]rice/rais/n.稻,米,饭 rush/r/冲,奔,赶紧 shuttle/'tl/ n.(织机的)梭 ; [51:11.61]silk/silk/n.丝织品 tidy(up)/'taidi/ vt.& vi.收拾,整理 ; [51:18.18]tiptoe/'tiptu/ vi.踮着脚走 ; [51:21.34]unfinished /'n'finit/ adj.未完成的 ; [51:24.23]voice/vis/ n.说话声,声音 weak/wi:k/ adj.弱的 ; [51:29.75]weave/wi:v/ vt.& vi.织(布) wove/wuv/(过去式) ; [51:34.47]woven/'wuvn/ (过去式) ; [51:36.84]Text ; [51:39.73]The Crane Girl (2) ; [51:43.67]The next morning, ; [51:45.77]the old man and woman were surprised to find tea already made. ; [51:51.82]The girl was making breakfast. ; [51:55.76]The apartment had already been cleaned and tidied up. ; [52:01.80]"Good morning," Karen greeted them. "I hope you slept well. ; [52:07.84]Breakfast is ready." The old man laughed." Imagine. ; [52:14.15]A daughter at our age. "This is a reward for helping the bird yesterday," ; [52:23.35]replied the old woman. Every day Karen would go with the old woman to walk the dogs, ; [52:32.54]in hopes that she would see her parents. ; [52:37.01]But she returned every night with less and less hope. ; [52:43.84]Children in the neighborhood soon met Karen and grew to love her. ; [52:50.41]The home of the old couple was filled with the sound of laughter and children's voices. ; [52:58.82]Several weeks had passed, ; [53:02.24]and it would soon be time to celebrate the Japanese New Year. ; [53:07.75]The old man said to his wife, "Karen has been such a pleasure to us. ; [53:15.37]I would like to give her a gift." "So would I," said the old woman. ; [53:23.26]Karen heard them talking, and she felt sad because they were so poor. ; [53:30.26]She came to them and said, "I know that life is hard for you. ; [53:37.44]If you will let me repay your kindness to me, I will weave cloth for you to sell. ; [53:46.11]I ask only one thing-that no one watches me while I weave." ; [53:53.21]The old couple thought that this was strange, but they agreed. ; [53:59.52]Karen went into the furnace room, ; [54:03.46]and soon they heard the sound of the loom as the shuttle moved back and forth. ; [54:10.29]For three days, Karen wove without stopping. ; [54:14.76]She finally stepped into the apartment holding a beautiful bolt of cloth. ; [54:21.85]The old man and woman had never seen anything like it. ; [54:26.58]They told Karen how beautiful it was. "Father,"said the girl, ; [54:35.25]"take this to the fabric shops and show it to the owners. ; [54:40.51]Do not put a price on it,but let the merchants price it. ; [54:46.02]This is a small payment for the home you have given me." ; [54:52.59]The old man took the cloth and rushed to the street where all the shops were. ; [54:59.90]The first shop owner looked at the cloth. "Where did you get this?"he asked. ; [55:06.26]"My cousin in Japan sent it to me," answered the man. ; [55:11.51]"I will pay you fifty dollars for it." The old man went into another shop. ; [55:19.39]"This is very fine silk,"said the owner." I will pay you three hundred dollars." ; [55:27.80]The old man sold him the cloth. On the way home, ; [55:33.84]the old man stopped to buy rice cakes and a gift for Karen. ; [55:39.89]The three of them prepared a feast for the New Year, ; [55:44.62]and some of their friends came for a party. ; [55:49.35]Even though they were careful, the money was soon spent. ; [55:55.39]One day, Karen said, ; [55:58.02]"I must weave more cloth. You can sell it again to the merchants. ; [56:03.54]But remember what you promised. No one must see me while I work." ; [56:10.37]Two days went by, ; [56:13.00]and all the time the sound of the loom filled the apartment building. ; [56:18.78]The people who lived in the building came downstairs. ; [56:23.24]"What is the noise?" they asked. "That is Karen weaving," ; [56:29.29]the old woman answered. "Weaving? May we see?" asked the neighbors. ; [56:37.43]"Oh, no," ; [56:39.01]replied the old man. "We have promised her that no one will watch her." ; [56:46.37]All this time the old woman had wondered how Karen wove such beautiful cloth. ; [56:53.72]She could stand it no longer. Quietly,she tiptoed to the furnace room. ; [56:58.98]She peeked through a crack in the door. ; [57:03.13]The old man missed her and ran down the hall to the furnace room. ; [57:10.54]"Stop! Please stop!" he called to his wife. It was too late. ; [57:17.90]She had already seen inside the room. What she saw amazed her. ; [57:26.04]There,at the loom, was a giant white crane. ; [57:32.87]The crane pulled feathers from its body and wove them into cloth. ; [57:39.44]The old woman stepped back,and the door opened. Karen stepped out, ; [57:47.06]holding in her arms an unfinished bolt of cloth. ; [57:52.84]"Dear people," she said in a weak voice, ; [57:57.57]"I am the crane you saved by the lake in the park. ; [58:02.56]I wanted to help you by weaving cloth for you to sell." ; [58:08.08]She began to cry. "But, now that you know, I will have to leave." ; [58:16.23]She walked from the building toward the park. ; [58:19.91]The old couple followed her. When she reached the park she stopped. ; [58:28.05]Going to the old man and woman, she kissed them. ; [58:32.52]Then she changed into a white crane and flew into the air. ; [58:39.61]The bird looked down and cried,"Koh!" as if she were saying good-bye. ; [58:46.45]Then the bird rose and the crane girl was gone. ;

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