剑13Test1大作文9分范文赏析：外语带来问题

　　剑雅写作答题思路

　　1) 同意的立场

　　可以用一边倒的方式，分2-3个主体段列举Living in a country where you have to speak a foreign language情况下遇到的social problems和practical problems即可。不过，要注意展示问题的严重性(其实就是选择严重的问题来写，不严重的问题不能作为论据)。

　　2) 反对的立场

　　这个立场，会难一些。在Living in a country where you have to speak a foreign language情况下，必然会遇到问题，且不能忽视。所谓不同意，就是要论证这些虽然是问题，但都不严重。

　　为了论证问题不严重，可以给出解决这些问题的常用方案等。

　　剑雅写作范文

　　开头段

　　Some people consider that the speaking of a non-native language in one’s country of residence may pose significant problems in terms of everyday living and social relations. Though I agree that there is likely to be inconvenience in some specific situations, overall, the scale of the negative impacts is probably small.

　　有人认为，在自己居住的国家说外语可能会引起日常生活和社会关系方面的问题。虽然我同意在特定情况下会有一些不便，但是总体上，负面影响的程度很可能并不大。

　　(立场应该明确，虽然probably表示的是可能性，但是它指的是可能性很大，这是明确的)

　　主体段1：会引起的问题

　　There are two main situations where I believe that the need to speak a foreign language in one’s own country can generate some difficulties. The first one is that conducting complex business in a foreign language can lead to confusion and misunderstanding. In some contexts, it is vital that all parties can express and understand every detail accurately, such as when negotiating the terms of a commercial contract. The second problematic feature is that not everyone is skilled at foreign languages and using them takes up energy and time that they would probably prefer not to spend. Indeed, we cannot be surprised if plumbers and cleaners, for example, were not skilled at the use of languages spoken by some of their clients, given that devoting professional time to improving practical skills is also very important for them.

　　主题句:我认为在自己居住的国家需要说自己的外语，能产生麻烦的情况有两种。

　　问题1：在国外用外语谈复杂的生意会导致困惑和误解。在一些情况下，做生意的各方必须准确地表达和理解每一个细节，比如协商商业合同条款的时候。

　　问题2：不是每个人的外语都熟练，不熟练的人使用外语会用掉他们不愿意花的时间和精力。(就是中国学生和英国人聊天时那种特别费力的感觉)

　　举例论证：举个我们并不意外的例子，管道工和清洁工，考虑他们要花大量时间来提升自己的专业技能，他们并不擅长使用他们的一些客户用的语言(难以和这些客户进行良好的沟通)。

　　主体段2：反驳——虽然是问题，但是不严重

　　Nevertheless, in my view, the issues that communication in non-native languages in one’s own country give rise to are not sufficient to be to blame for serious social and practical problems. Countries with two or more official languages have usually become adept at accommodating speakers of all recognised languages in official procedures. For example, in Switzerland, court papers may be submitted in French, German or Italian – the main official languages – and courts are allocated resources to translate them as required. A further means of preventing social problems can be seen in bilingual countries such as Canada, whose education system and civic values promote respect for differing cultures and linguistic backgrounds. This means that when official systems to minimise the impact of linguistic differences do not suffice, ordinary people are less likely to feel angry and alienated. Rather, they tend to see the communication problems as opportunities for greater understanding.

　　主题句：然而，在我看来，在居住国使用外语导致的问题并不足以构成社会问题或者生活问题。

　　举例论证1：有两门语言或者多门官方语言的国家，通常在官方流程上都给其他语言的居住者提供方便。比如在瑞士，法律文件可以以语法、德语和意大利语(三种官方语言)提交，翻译这些文件需要的资源也相应地分配到了法院。

　　举例论证2：在一些双语国家，比如加拿大，可以看到进一步预防社会问题的方法。加拿大的教育体系和公民价值观鼓励尊重不同文化和语言背景。这意味着，当官方体系不足以做到最小化语言差异造成的影响时，普通人感到生气或者被排斥的可能性变小。他们会把这些交流问题看做是机会，以达到更好理解。(官方做法即使不足以让人满意，其他民众的态度可以弥补缺陷，让外来人不觉得被排斥)

　　结尾段

　　In summary, I take the view that, the problems relating to the need to use a foreign language in one’s own country are often kept to a minimum on account of government efforts to accommodate all main linguistic groups.

　　总结，我认为，因为政府努力让所有说主流语言的人(太小太小的语种，确实顾及不到)生活方便，所以在居住国使用外语导致的问题常常都最小化了。

　　剑雅写作范文重点词汇

　　1) adept：very skilled; proficient; expert

　　an adept juggler.

　　2) 题干信息living in a coutry where you have to speak a foreign language的替换

　　the speaking of a non-native language in one’s country of residence

　　the need to use a foreign language in one’s own country

　　3) 题干信息social problems, as well as practical problems的替换

　　problems in terms of everyday living and social relations

　　4) civic values

　　The Civic values Are principles of conduct centered on personal relationships within a society and serve to maintain social order.

　　Solidarity Responsibility Respect Justice Cooperation Honesty Sincerity