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托福备考语法指导:从属连词及真题要点解析

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  (3) A hinge joint is ------- permits the forward and backward movement of a door。

  (A) the

  (B) what

  (C) those

  (D) whose (88.10)

 

  [答案] B what = the thing that…

 

  (4) Essentially, a theory is an abstract. Symbolic representation of ------- reality。

  (A) what it is conceived

  (B) that is conceived

  (C) what is conceived to be

  (D) that is being conceived of (89.5)

 

  [答案] C what = the thing that (is conceived to be…) 。答案(A)中的代词it是多余的,因为what本身即已包含了先行词(the thing ) 和关系代词(that) 。答案(B)中的关系代词that引导的从句不可以置于介词的后面。

 

  (5) Most of the food what elephants eat is brought to their mouths by their trunks. (93.10

  [答案] B what应改为that。此句已含有先行词food,不能再用关系代词what。

 

  5. 主句和从句

 

  解题要点 主语从句是TOEEL常考而中国考生又较陌生英文文法结构。有关主语从句的命题几乎全部集中在structure (1-15题)中。主语从句的特点是读起来有种头重脚轻的感觉,而且有两个谓语动词。连词That 引导的主语从句应特别留意。因为That 在句中没有任何意义,它只具有引导出主语从句的功能,因而很容易被忽略。

 

  全真例题分析

 

  (1) ------- xenon could not from chemical compounds was once believed by scientists。

  (A) For

  (B) It was

  (C) That

  (D) While (91.1)

 

  [答案] C That引导的主语从句。其中第一个谓语动词could from 是从句的谓语,第二个系动was是主句的谓语。

 

  (2) ------- to space travelers is high acceleration of deceleration forces。

  (A) Danger can be

  (B) They can be dangerous

  (C) What can be dangerous

  (D) While danger (93.1)

 

  [答案] C what引导的主语从句。What既是从句的连词,又是从句的主语。

 

  (3) ------- has been a topic of continual geological research。

  (A) Did the continents originate

  (B) How did the continents originate

  (C) Have the continents originated

  (D) How the continents originated (91.1)

 

  [答案] D How 引导的主语从句。

 

  (4) ------- progress helps to relieve scarcities is a fact accepted by economists。

  (A) Technological

  (B) That technological

  (C)Although technological

  (D)There is technological


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