2015年北京高考英语试题
英语(北京卷)
本试卷共16页， 共150分。考试时间为120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：听力理解(共三节：30 分)
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分)
第二部分：知识运用(共两节，45 分)(略)
第一节 单项填空(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，共 15 分)
从每题所给的 ABCD 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. , we last met more than thirty years ago.
A. What’s more B. That’s to say
C. In other words D. Believe it or not
答案是 D。
28.You won’t find paper cutting difficult _____you keep practicing it.
A. even if B. as long as C .as if D. ever since
29.—Can’t you stay a little longer?
—It’s getting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone.
A .may B .can C . must D .dare
30.—Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.
—All right. I____ him later.
A. will call B. have called C. call D will be calling
31.If ___for the job, you’ll be informed soon.
A .to accept B. accept C. accepting D. accepted
32._____the damage is dooe, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.
A.Untill B.Unless C. Once D.Although
33.I truly believe ______beauty comes from within.
A. that B.where C. what D.why
34.IfI _____it with my own eyes ,Iwouldn’t have believed it.
A .didn’t see B.weren’t seeing C. Wouldn’t see D.hadn’t seen
35._____we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.
A. Where B.How C.Why D. When
第二节 完形填空(共 20 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分)
阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上讲该项 涂黑。
A Welcome Gift
Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them 36 side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud 37 filled the room and made them feel very happy.
The next morning, 38 , their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a 39 under their door during the night. One of their neighbor had written to complain(抱怨) about the sound of the piano. Dario’s mother asked the building superintendent(管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all 40 people and he couldn’t imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 41 and apologize for their playing.
“Maybe we could go and 42 everyone in person.” his mother said.
“What if we invited them to come here for a 43 instead? Dario asked.
They both loved the 44 . Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts 45 their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers(彩带) and party lights.
Finally, the day of the party 46 . Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to 47 . One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, 48 Dario’s mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.
“I heard you playing the other night,” she said. “The sounds woke me out of bed. I 49 that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don’t think I disliked the playing.”
Dario’s mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. “I think maybe we 50 you an apology.” she said. “I didn’t 51 how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.
“You play, you play!” Mrs. Gilbert said. “I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.” She pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such 52 music.”
“These songs are beautiful music.” Dario’s mother said. “We will be 53 to play them in the evening.”
“And we won’t play so loud or late!” Dario said. He was already looking forward to 54 the new music. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mother’s face. It gave him a feeling of 55 and made him feel that they were home at last.
36. A. sat B. stood C. lay D. walked
37. A. voice B. ring C. music D. cry
38. A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. instead
39. A. note B. poster C. bill D. report
40. A. proud B. rich C. lucky D. nice
41. A. neighbors B. friends C. relatives D. audience
42. A. blame B. instruct C. question D. visit
43. A. party B. concert C. show D. play
44. A. experience B. idea C. performance D. action
45. A. to B. with C. for D. from
46. A. continued B. arrived C. passed D. finished
47. A. order B. sell C. share D. advertise
48. A. treated B. presented C. helped D. served
49. A. promised B. admitted C. agreed D. worried
50. A. give B. send C. offer D. owe
51. A. realize B. remember C. understand D. accept
52. A. sweet B. strange C. funny D. loud
53. A. brave B. sorry C. happy D. afraid
54. A. changing B. practicing C. recording D. writing
55. A. equality B. freedom C. warmth D. sympathy
第三部分：阅读理解 (共两节，20 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2 分，共 30 分)
阅读下列短文：从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，将正确的选项涂在答题卡上。
A
The Boy Made It!
One Sunday, Nicholas, a teenager, went skiing at Sugarloaf Mountain in Maine. In the early afternoon, when he was planning to go home, a fierce snowstorm swept into the area. Unable to see far, he accidentally turned off the path. Before he knew it, Nicholas was lost, all alone! He didn’t have food, water, a phone, or other supplies. He was getting colder by the minute.
Nicholas had no idea where he was. He tried not to panic. He thought about all the survival shows he had watched on TV. It was time to put the tips he had learned to use.
He decided to stop skiing. There was a better chance of someone finding him if he stayed put. The first thing he did was to find shelter form the freezing wind and snow. If
B
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TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction car tip, not used in any other commercially available headset. This tip reduces outside noise so that television dialogue is clear and understandable. Get the technology that has proven to help the most demanding customers. That’s why TV Ears has earned the trust and confidence of audiologists(听觉学家) nationwide as well as world-famous doctors.
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C
C
Life in the Clear
Transparent animals let light pass through their bodies the same way light passes through a window. These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depth of about 3,300 feet—as far as most light can reach. Most of them are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch. Sonke Johnsen, a scientist in biology, says, “These animals live through their life alone. They never touch anything unless they’re eating it, or unless something is eating them.”
And they are as clear as glass. How does an animal become see-through? It’s trickier than you might think.
The objects around you are visible because they interact with light. Light typically travels in a straight line. But some materials slow and scatter(散射) light, bouncing it away from its original path. Others absorb light, stopping it dead in its tracks. Both scattering and absorption make an object look different from other objects around it, so you can see it easily.
But a transparent object doesn’t absorb or scatter light, at least not very much, Light can pass through it without bending or stopping. That means a transparent object doesn’t look very different from the surrounding air or water. You don’t see it ----you see the things behind it.
To become transparent, an animal needs to keep its body from absorbing or scattering light. Living materials can stop light because they contain pigments(色素) that absorb specific colors of light. But a transparent animal doesn’t have pigments, so its tissues won’t absorb light. According to Johnsen, avoiding absorption is actually easy. The real challenge is preventing light from scattering.
Animals are built of many different materials----skin, fat, and more----and light moves through each at a different speed. Every time light moves into a material with a new speed, it bends and scatters. Transparent animals use different tricks to fight scattering. Some animals are simply very small or extremely flat. Without much tissue to scatter light, it is easier to be see—through. Others build a large, clear mass of non-living jelly-lie(果冻状的)material and spread themselves over it .
Larger transparent animals have the biggest challenge, because they have to make all the different tissues in their bodies slow down light exactly as much as water does. They need to look uniform. But how they’re doing it is still unknown. One thing is clear for these larger animals, staying transparent is an active process. When they die, they turn a non-transparent milky white.
63. According to Paragraph 1, transparent animals_______.
A. stay in groups B. can be easily damaged
C. appear only in deep ocean D. are beautiful creatures
64. The underlined word “dead” in Paragraph 3 means__________.
A. silently B. gradually
C. regularly D. completely
65. One way for an animal to become transparent is to ________.
A. change the direction of light travel
B. gather materials to scatter light.
C. avoid the absorption of light
D. grow bigger to stop light.
66. The last paragraph tells us that larger transparent animals________.
A. move more slowly in deep water
B. stay see-through even after death
C. produce more tissues for their survival
D. take effective action to reduce light spreading
68. The writer believes that__________.
A. parents today are more protective than those in the past
B. the disadvantages of new technology outweigh its advantages
C. technology explains greater involvement with their children
D. parents’changed attitudes lead to college children’s delayed independence
69. What is the best title for the passage?
A. Technology or Attitude
B. Dependence or Independence
C. Family Influences or Social Changes
D. College Management or Communication Advancement
70. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?
D(图片不全)
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2 分。共 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。
This Way to Dreamland
Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy._71__They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.
But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. __72__ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?
So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?
First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.__73_ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.
It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concerntrate. “Mindfulness”, being focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.__74__
Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.____75_
Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.
A. Having interesting things to think about also helps.
B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves.
C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes.
D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.
E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.
F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.
G. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone.
第四部分：书面表达(共两节，35 分)
第一节(15分)
假如你是红星中学高三李华，请给你的美国朋友Jim写一封信，告诉他你打算参加龙舟训练营，希望他一起参加，邮件的内容包括：
1. 介绍训练营的相关内容(例如;时间，地点，参加者等);
2. 说明你打算参加的原因;
3. 询问对方的意向。
注意： 1. 词数不少于50;
2. 开头和结尾已给出， 不计入总词数。
提示词：龙舟训练营 Dragon Boat Training Camp
Dear Jim,
Yours,
Li Hua
(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内)
2014 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语(北京卷) 答案
第一部分：听力理解
第一节
1-5： CABBC
第二节
6-10: CACBA
11-15: ACABB
第三节
16. Dance 17. middle 18. Hinde 19. 104 20. post
第二部分
第一节 单项填空
21-25：ACBAD 26-30: BADCB 31-35: CDADB
第二节 完形填空
36-40: ABCCD 41-45: CBDDC 46-50: BDAAB 51-55:DABCA
第三节
56-60： ADBCB 61-65： ACBDZ 66-70: CBACD
第二节
71-75: GDFBA
第四部分
第一节
One possible version
Dear Chris,
How is everything going?
I remember we planned to visit Yunnan in July but now bucause my left foot was injured, I cannot go with you as planned.
I’m sorry about it. Can I suggest that we put it off until early august? I wish you could understand. I’m looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Yours,
Joe
第二节
内容要点
1. 点明问题;
2. 讨论问题;
3. 提交建议;
4. 看到变化。
One possible version
There was a problem with the parking place for bikes in our school, I noticed the entrance was small and almost blocked. So my classmates and I had a discussion and wrote a report. Then we went to meet the schoolmaster in his office and gave the report to him. He accepted our suggfestions. Soon afterwards, a second entrance was opened to the parking place. Now it is easy to park our bikes there.
