1. [词根辨识]分别记忆以下两个单词，并将所需时间作一比较。
① antivivisectionist [共18个字母] n.反对活体解剖主义者
② mesembrianthemum [共16个字母] n.松叶菊属植物
2. [词根辨异] viva是意大利语“万岁”，vive是法语“万岁”。联系英语的long live（万岁），指出三者的共同点。
3. [词海垂钓]
con-(com-)
4. [望文生义]根据所学词根的知识推测下列单词的词义。
① vivify v.
vivification n.
② reviviscence n.
reviviscent a.
5. [寻根问底]指出下列单词的词根并领会其词义的由来。
① vivisect v.作活体解剖
vivisection n.活体解剖；动物解剖实验
② vivarium a.动物园；植物园
③ vitaglass n.维他玻璃
④ avitaminosis n.维生素缺乏症（提示：a-=not）
⑤ devitalize v.使失去生命力；使伤元气
⑥ devitaminize v.使（食物）失去维生素
⑦ viva n.口试；口头测验
⑧ vivers n.粮食；食物
99. voc, vok [L]=to call；voice叫喊；声音
词根voc来自拉丁动词vocare（意为to call“叫喊”）或者同根拉丁名词vox的属格形式vocis（意为voice“声音”）。vok是voc的同音异体。其实，voice就是voc的派生词，它是从法语引进英语的。
advocate [ad-=to对；voc=to call叫喊；-ate n.=person人→“person who calls to another's aid对他人呼喊助威者”→]Ⅰn. person whopleads in favor of another;defender辩护者；拥护者：a warm advocate of a new theory一种新理论的热烈拥护者→Ⅱv. speak in favor of;recommend拥护；提倡：to advocate free speech提倡言论自由
▽advocator [advocat(e);-or n.] n.提倡者；拥护者
advocacy [ad-;voc;-acy n.] n.辩护；拥护；提倡
provoke [pro-=forth向前；vok=to call呼喊；-e→] v.① call forth, or arouse唤起；引起：His slip of tongue provoked shouts of laughter.他一时失言引起哄堂大笑。② call out, or challenge, or stimulate对……挑衅；煽动；刺激：The waiter's insult provoked me to anger.侍者的侮辱激怒了我。
▽provocation [pro-;voc;-ation n.] n.惹起；激怒；挑衅
provocative [pro-;voc;-ative a.] a.激怒的；挑衅的
vocal [voc=voice声音；-al a.=pertaining to……的→] a.① pertaining to voice, speaking, etc. 声音的；发音的：vocal organs 发音器官② expressing oneself freely in words畅所欲言的：vocal critic畅言无忌的批判家
▽vocalic [vocal;-ic a.] a. [语音学]元音的；与元音有关的
vocalist [vocal;-ist n.] n.歌唱家；声乐家
vocalize [vocal;-ize v.] v.发音；说；唱
vocation [voc=to call喊；-ation n.=the state or result表状态或结果→“the state or result of being called by God, one's interest, etc.为上帝、个人兴趣等所呼唤或感召的状态或结果”→] n.① job which one feels he is chosen to do certainly天职；使命：I feel no vocation for teaching.我觉得我天生就不是教书的。② one's main job;regular occupation职业；行业：She chose music as her vocation.她选择音乐为职业。
▽vocational [vocation;-al a.] a.职业的；业务的
avocation [a-(ab-)=away离开；voc=to call召唤；-ation n. 表行为结果→“calling one away from his regular employment使人离开其主业的召唤”→] n. hobby or diversion;secondary job业余爱好；副业：My uncle's vocation is medicine, his avocation is music.我叔叔的职业是医生，业余爱好是音乐。
evoke [e-(ex-)=out出；vok=to call呼唤；-e→] v.① call out, or summon forth呼唤出；召出：The photo evoked his memories of the past.那张照片唤起他对过去的回忆。② call out, or produce (a reaction)引起（反应）：His words evoked great indignation.他的话引起强烈的愤慨。
▽evocation [e-;voc;-ation n.] n.引起；唤起
evocative [e-;voc;-ative a.] a.唤起……的；引起……的
invoke [in-=upon于……之上；vok=to call呼唤；-e→] v.① call upon (as for aid, protection, etc.)要求（帮助）；祈求（保佑）：to invoke God's blessing祈求上帝赐福 ② appeal to (a law or help)诉诸；援引（法规）：The lawyer invoked an amendment.律师援引了一项修正案条文。
▽invocation [in-;voc;-ation n.] n.祈祷；援引
invocatory [in-;voc;-atory a.] a.祈祷的；求神的
revoke [re-=back回；vok =to call召唤；-e→“to call back a messenger把信使召唤回来”→] v. concel;withdraw (a decree, permission, etc.)撤回；废除；取消（法律、允诺等）：The committee revoked a decision.委员会取消了一项决议案。
▽revocation [re-;voc;-ation n.] n.撤回；取消；废除
revocatory [re-;voc;-atory a.] a.废除的；撤销的
vocable [voc=voice声音；-a-;-ble n.=thing物→“that which stands for voice or sound in a language在一种语言中表示声音的东西”→] n. word in form and sound than in meaning（作为音与形单位不作为意义单位的）词；语
vocabulary [vocabul (= vocable) = word 词，语；-ary n. = thing 物→“whole body of words词语的整体”→] n. words used in a language or by a person, etc.一种语言的词汇；（一个人等的）词汇量：You should improve your vocabulary.你要扩大词汇量。
