英语阅读 学英语,练听力,上听力课堂! 注册 登录
> 轻松阅读 > 时尚英语 > 时尚话题 >  内容

别再幻想了——胖的健康这种事是不存在的!

所属教程:时尚话题

浏览:

2018年05月07日

手机版
扫描二维码方便学习和分享
Back in the 1980s, the term "metabolically healthy obesity" began popping up in medical circles. It referred to obese people who displayed no other signs of related health complications, like hypertension or diabetes. The phrase evolved into the societally popular term "healthy obesity."

20世纪80年代,在医学圈突然出现了“代谢健康型肥胖”,这个词指的是那些肥胖患者并没有出现其他相关的并发症,例如高血压和糖尿病。这个词后来进化成社会上很流行的“健康肥胖”。

But a researcher from the U.K.'s Loughborough University has called for people to stop using the term. William Johnson calls the idea of healthy obesity "crude and problematic" in a commentary published in the April 11, 2018, issue of the journal Annals of Human Biology. He writes that the concept of zero complications despite obese status is attractive, especially to those people with a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or greater, who'd rather not think of themselves as unhealthy. Johnson authored the commentary and holds a doctorate in human biology and epidemiology.

但是英国拉夫堡大学的研究人员呼吁人们不要再继续用这个词了。在今年4月11日出版的《人类生物学刊》上,William Johnson发表的评论文称健康肥胖的概念“粗糙且存在疑问”。在文中他还写道除了肥胖以外没有其他并发症这个概念十分诱人,尤其是对于那些身体质量指数(BMI)超过30的人来说,他们死都不肯承认自己不健康。作为这篇评论文的作者,Johnson有人类生物学和流行病学的双博士学位。

别再幻想了——胖的健康这种事是不存在的!

However, Johnson points out that many studies have declared such people to be rare and more likely to eventually become unhealthy compared with non-obese people. Even without current health problems, healthy obese people are still at a higher risk of developing diseases like Type 2 diabetes and chronic kidneydisease, not to mention having a higher mortality rate when compared with others of normal weight.

但是Johnson也指出很多研究表明胖的健康的人非常稀少,而且与体重正常的人相比,很有可能他们最终都会变得不健康。即使目前他们的身体没有健康问题,健康肥胖者也是易患II型糖尿病和慢性肾病的高危人群,更不用说他们的死亡率比正常人要高很多。

This is unfortunate news for people who look up to athletes who appear overweight but who likely engage in far more exercise, boast more muscle and eat more nutritiously than the average Joe. In fact, current BMI measurements are calculated using only use height and weight. So, the person who has more muscle mass but weighs the same as another person with more fat actually would sport the same BMI. As a result, a clear picture of comparative health is lacking.

这个消息对于那些以运动员为榜样的人来说则不是个好消息,虽然他们外表看起来超重,但是比起普通人来说,他们的运动量更大,拥有更多的肌肉,摄入更多的营养。而事实上目前的BMI指数是以体重和身高来计算的。所以有更多肌肉的人的BMI指数会和同样体重的胖子一样。因此,清晰准确的健康比对还是缺失的。

"As one might expect, individuals who are obese yet healthy are more likely to be younger, of European ancestry, lead a healthier lifestyle in terms of physical activity and diet, etc., have less central and visceral adiposity [body fat stored within the abdominal cavity] and be of higher socio-economic position than obese individuals who have already developed complications," Johnson explains in the paper.

Johnson在文章中解释说:“和人们预料的一样,比起有并发症的肥胖个体来说,肥胖但是健康的那些个体很可能比较年轻,有欧洲血统,在运动和饮食等方面上更健康,他们的内脏脂肪较少,有着较高的社会经济地位。”

He notes that the opposite is true when compared with a healthy group of normal weight participants.

他还指出如果把比照双方换成健康的胖子和体重正常的人也是成立的。

Here's Johnson again:

他在文中写到如下内容:

Thus, it probably comes as no surprise that levels of cardio-metabolic disease risk factors (e.g. systolic blood pressure and fasting glucose) are worse among healthy obese than healthy normal weight individuals, despite both groups having the same label of 'healthy.'

因此,健康肥胖的人群比起正常体重人群,毫无悬念的拥有更高水平的代谢性心血管疾病的危险因素(比如说心脏收缩压和空腹血糖),尽管这两组人都被贴上了“健康”这个标签。

Johnson isn't the first scholar to call for the idea of healthy obesity to be retired. He's interested less in research that determines whether healthy obesity exists and more interested in rerouting research dollars to figure out why two people with similar BMIs can wind up with such different outcomes, with one dying of disease and the other completely fine.

Johnson并不是第一个呼吁停用健康肥胖这个概念的学者。比起花心思研究是否存在真的健康肥胖,他更愿意把研究资金投入研究为什么BMI相同的两个人结局会如此不同,一人因肥胖死亡而另一人却完全没事。

"It is undeniable that obesity is bad for health, but there are clearly differences between individuals in the extent to which it is bad," he says in the accompanying press release. "While the concept of healthy obesity is crude and problematic and may best be laid to rest, there is great opportunity for human biological investigation of the levels, causes, and consequences of heterogeneity in health among people with the same BMI."

“肥胖影响健康是不可否认的,但是很明显不同的个体间差异也很大,”他在随文新闻稿中说。“由于健康肥胖这个概念粗糙且存在疑问,我们最好把它放一放。人类生物学还存在更好的机会去研究调查BMI相同的人群的健康水平、原因以及异质性对健康的影响。”


用户搜索

疯狂英语 英语语法 新概念英语 走遍美国 四级听力 英语音标 英语入门 发音 美语 四级 新东方 七年级 赖世雄 zero是什么意思遵义市鑫阳院英语学习交流群

  • 频道推荐
  • |
  • 全站推荐
  • 推荐下载
  • 网站推荐