用英语说中国旅游华北地区01：颐和园自然概况1

颐和园

Natural Features

自然概况

The Summer Palace is located on the western edge of Beijing， between the fourth and fifth ring roads，close to the western hills，10km from central Beijing一It is the largest and best-preserved imperial garden in China. Its Chinese name，Yi He Yuan，translates as‘Garden for Maintaining Health and Harmony’. 颐和园位于北京西郊，在四环和五环之问，紧挨西山，趾北京市中心12公里〕颐和园是中国最大的空家园林。其汉语意思为“颐养和谐之园” As its name implies，the Summer Palace was used as a summer residence by China's imperial rulers--as a retreat from the main imperial palace now known as the Palace Museum or Forbidden City-a pleasureground in the countryside，yet near to the city. 颐和园的英文名称"Summer Palace"(夏天的宫殿)意思是这里是皇帝在夏大的居住之地—一个离城不远、位与乡村的、供帝王后妃们逍遥游乐的紫禁城。 The gardens that became the Summer Palace date from the Jin Dynasty (1115一1234 ).Later, the Mongol Emperor Kublai Khan(Yuan Dynasty，1279-1368)，who wanted to improve Beijing's water supply，ordered the construction of canals to transport water from the Western Hills to the Summer Palace. He also enlarged the lake(today's Kun Ming Lake)to act as a reservoir. 早在金代( 1115一1234 ),颐和园就已经开始成为花园随后，元朝(1279~1368)的忽必烈又改进北京的水系统，开挖运河把西山的水引到颐和园，他还扩建了昆明湖作为蓄水池。 In 1750，Emperor Qian Long(1736一1796 )of the Qing Dynasty(1644一1911)added substantially to the gardens of the Summer Palace. His appointed designers reproduced the styles of various palaces and gardens from around China. Kun Ming Lake was extended to imitate the West Lake in Hangzhou. 1750年，清朝(1644-1911)的乾隆皇帝再接再厉，把这个花园修建成了皇家园林。他让设计师们复制中国的各种园林风格汇集于此。昆明湖就是模仿杭州西湖而造的。 In 1860，the Anglo-French Allied Forces invaded Beijing and set fire to many of the buildings within the Summer Palace. 1860年，英法联军浸略北京，纵火烧毁了这里的大部分建筑。 In 1886,Dowager Empress Ci Xi，with embezzled funds from the Imperial Navy，restored the grand gardens. The reconstruction and enlargement of the Summer Palace continued for ten years. After completion,she renamed the gardens‘Yi He Yuan’(Garden of Peace andHarmony) 1886年，慈嬉太后挪用海军经费重建并扩建了这些花园，工程持续10年之久，完1年后她将其改名为颐和园(颐养和谐之园)。 In 1889，the Empress Dowager Ci Xi moved her administration to the renovated Yi He Yuan and the gardens that had long been an imperial pleasure ground became the primary Summer Palace. 1889年，慈嬉连同她的行政部门一起搬到修复一新的颐和园。从此，颐和园变成了首要的皇家夏日游乐场所。 A full-scale restoration began in 1903，and today's Summer Palace is more or less the same as the palace rebuilt from then. 1903年，慈嬉逃亡返回北京后，又对颐和园做了全方位的修复今天的颐和园与修复后的颐和园大致相似。 After the success of the 1911 Revolution，the Summer Palace was opened to the public. Then，after the last Qing Emperor Pu Yi was thrown out of the Palaces in 1924，the Summer Palace was turned into a park. The Summer Palace has become a popular and relaxing destination for both domestic and international tourists now.1911年革命成功后，颐和园开始对一外开放。不过，颐和园成为真正的公园是1924年清朝的末代空帝被赶出官殿之后。如今，颐和园已成为中外游人喜欢游玩的好去处。

The Summer Palace was designated a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1998. 1998年，颐和园被联合国教科义组织列人《世界遗产名录》。