用英语说中国旅游华北地区 05：故宫自然概况1

自然概况

The Imperial Palace，also called The Forbidden City，in the heart of Beijing is the largest and most complete imperial palace and ancient building complex in China，and the world at large. Its construction began in completed l4 years later，having a history so far of some 600 years 1406 and Twenty-four emperors from the Ming and Cling(1644一1911) dynasties lived and ruled China from there. Most of the buildings in the Forbidden City were times，although they maintained the original architectural style 北京故宫也叫紫禁城，位于北京市中心是中国乃至世界上现存最大、最完整的古建筑群。紫禁城始建于1406年,14年后完工.，迄今已有600多年的历史。紫禁城内光后居住过明清两个朝代统治中国的24位皇帝尽管紫禁城内的大部分建筑都经过多次重建，但其却一直保持着初时的建筑风格和样式。 The Forbidden City，extending 753 meters from east to west,and 961 meters from north to south，makes a rectangular shape and covers a total area of 720 000 square meters. It consists of several dozen compounds of varying sizes and some 9900 bays of rooms，with a total floor area of 150 000 square meters. Most of the buildings were built with wood，roofed witty yellow glazed tiles and built on blue-and-white stone foundations，looking solemn and brilliant. City walls are 10 meters high，and a 52 meter-wide moat surrounds the Forbidden City. Three-storied towers are placed at each corner of the wall 紫禁城东西宽753米，南北长961米，呈矩形状，其面积约为725 000平力一米。紫禁城由几十座大小不一的建筑物组成，其中约有宫室9 900多间，总建筑面积 150 000平方米.多数紫禁城宫殿都是木结构、黄琉璃瓦顶，青白石底座建筑，看上去庄严肃穆，金碧辉煌。紫禁城墙高达10米，四周围着一条宽52米的护城河。城墙的四角各有一座三层角楼。 The building arrangement within the Forbidden City is symmetrical. The Hall of Supreme Harmony，the Hall of Central Harmony and the Hall of Preserving Harmony,which comprise the outer palace，and the Hall of Heavenly Purity，the Hall of Union and the Hall of Earthly Tranquility,comprising the inner palace，stand in a line from south to north on the central axis The 8 km central axis runs through the entire old Beijing city to Yongdiangmen in the south and Zhonggulou in the north.The throne symobolizing imperial power is positioned at the center of this central axis.

紫禁城的建筑布局是对称的。太和、中和、保和三大殿为外初;乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫为内廷。外朝和内廷坐落在由南向北的中轴线上。南至水定门，北至钟鼓楼，总长8公里的中轴线穿越整个古代北京城。象征皇权的王座就坐落在这条中轴线的中心位置上。

The buildings of the Forbidden City fully embody the artistic features and style of ancient Chinese palace architecture，and can be called a masterpiece in Chinese，even world，architectural history. Today, as the largest museum of cultural relics in China，the Forbidden City，also called the Palace Museum，collected and displayed some one million precious historical relics from the Shang Dynasty(16th century一771BC)through to the Cling Dynasty. It was made part of the world cultural heritage list in 1987.

​紫禁城内的建筑充满了艺术特色与中国古代建筑风格，可以称为中国甚至世界建筑史上的杰作。如今，也称为故官博物院的紫禁城是中国最大的文化藏品博物院，收藏着从商朝(公元前16世纪~公元前771年)至清朝以来的几百万件珍贵的文物。故官博物院于1987年被列入《世界文化遗产名录》。

相关阅读：

故宫珍宝首现加拿大

故宫博物馆 The Place Museum

故宫建“流散文物追索”清单