商务英语BEC高级课文辅导(四)
deadline
l by
l before
l until
stress management, time management, prioritise tasks,
put something back phrasal verb
to arrange for an event to start at a later time or date 推迟
ￚ同义词 postpone
put something ↔ back to
The meeting has been put back to next Thursday. 这次会议推迟到下周四举行。
work out phrasal verb
▶GET BETTER◀带来好结果;有预期的结果
if a problem or complicated situation works out, it gradually gets better or gets solved
Things will work out, you'll see. 你会看到一切都会好的。
▶EXERCISE◀
to make your body fit and strong by doing exercises锻炼身体
4. H
mobile phone
client
urgently
proposal
get involved
to take part in an activity or event, or be connected with it in some way
be/get involved in
More than 30 software firms were involved in the project. 30多家软件公司参与了这个项目。
I don't want to get involved in some lengthy argument about who is to blame. 我不想被牵涉进这场旷日持久的关于到底是谁应该被指责的争论当中。
5. E
optimistic (pessimistic)
get off 寄出，发出 ▶SEND SOMETHING◀
to send a letter or package by post
I'll have to get this letter off by tonight. 我必须要在今晚之前把信寄出去。
I'll get the forms off to you today. 我今天会把表格寄给你。
Leaving answering machine messages
l Hello, person who is calling, time, day, place, purpose
Analysis:
Call 1 and 2 are precise and call 4 and 5 are quite difficult. Call 3 is intended to be in-between.
Call 3
Call 3 is relatively concise. However, it is difficult for the use of socializing added in before Sue gets down to the message (How are you? I hope you’re not too busy…). They may also find her use of phrasal verbs difficult (work out, put back). Sue also uses a rather British way of asking for postponement (I don’t suppose…, could we?). It may be helpful for her to say when exactly she called and to give her number.
Call 4
Call 4 is longer and it is therefore difficult to retain the message. One reason is that Colin includes unnecessary information (e.g. I’m traveling to a meeting with a client). The purpose of the call comes rather late and the sentences are very long, with more than one idea in each. It may be more helpful to leave his number at the end rather than near the beginning of the message. Once again, it may be helpful to say exactly when he rang.
Call 5
Once again, Call 5 is quite long. Steve uses many of the features of British English mentioned in the article: understanding (e.g. a little bit on the optimistic side), get used with different meanings (e.g. which I’ll get off to you today), and a generally idiomatic approach to language. Again, Colin could say when he called and give a telephone or extension number.
Taking messages
1. trade fair
2. S126 25
3. 3
4. Tuesday 23 / 23 November
5. (Kati) Gersel
听力基础知识讲评：
Names
在我们对姓名做讲解之前，我们先来熟悉一下有关姓名的几组词汇。
Ø 姓名，全名 (full)name
Ø 姓 family name/ surname/last name
Ø 名 given name/ first name
6. the/ your message
7. cancelled
8. not available
9. 27 November
10. confirm
get back to somebody phrasal verb事后告知某人
to talk to someone or telephone them later in order to answer a question or give them information
I'll find out the prices and get back to you. 我会找到价格并马上告知你。
available adjective
1 something that is available is able to be used or can easily be bought or found 可以用的，可以得到的
Tickets are available from the box office. 你可以从票房买到票。
No figures are available for the number of goods sold. 没有已销售商品数量的数据。
There are plenty of jobs available in the area. 这个地方有很多就业机会。
2 [not before noun] someone who is available is not busy and has enough time to talk to you 有时间
Collins was not available for comment on Thursday night. 克林斯不能在周四晚上发表评论。
ￚavailability noun [uncountable]
姓名前的称呼 Title
在与人初次见面时，如果在非常正式的场合下是不应该直接称呼对方姓名的，而应该称呼对方为某某先生、某某女士等等。所以这里就需要给大家介绍有关在姓名前如何称呼对方。称呼一般有以下几种：
Mr. 这是专门称呼男士的，无论对方是已婚还是未婚。意思是XX先生。
Mrs是称呼已婚女士的，意思是XX太太。
Miss是称呼那些未婚女士的，意思是XX小姐。有时我们并不方便先去了解一下对方的婚姻状况，所以我们就可以采用Ms这种称呼，意思是XX女士。
Dr.是对某人学历上的认可，意思是某某博士。
Dates
British English英国英语US English美国英语
Spoken
表达the twenty-sixth of October
October the twenty-sixth
twenty-sixth October
October twenty-sixth
Written
书写文字形式：26(th) October
October 26(th)
数字形式：26/10/01文字形式：26(th) October
数字形式：10/26/01
从上面可以看出，英国英语表达时间通常是日、月、年的结构，美国英语是先说月份，然后是日期，最后是年份。这点请大家注意。
说明：
1.在书写日期时，可以将表示序数词标志的st, nd, rd 或者th省略掉。这里也建议大家不要写出来，因为有很多人在书写时会将它们混淆。比如正确的写法是：
1号1st
21号21st
31号31st
2号2nd
22号22nd
3号3rd
那么，11号、12号和13号怎么写呢?有很多人自认为已经搞明白了，就自作主张，大笔一挥写成是11st、12nd和13rd了。其实
11号11 th (eleventh)
12号12th (twelfth)
13号13th (thirteenth)
2.在阅读日期时，如果写成日月的顺序，英国英语的读法是读出定冠词the和介词of来。但是在书写时一定要注意不要写出来。同样道理，如果写成是月日的顺序的话，在口语表达时，要读出定冠词the来，但是书写时就没有了。
IV. Vocabulary Consolidation on Unit 1b (page 163)
V. Self-study 1b
4. Prepositions.
(1) at the moment
(2) in +地点
(3) on the phone
(4) at +时间
(5) on +具体日期
(6) at +宗教节日
(7) on +电话号码
(8) in + 月份
(9) at + 时间
(10) on + 具体日期
小结：
介词用法简介Saying when things happened
在表示时间时，我们有三个介词可以选择：in，at和on。
介词in的用法：
介词in 用在年、月份、季节、一天中某个部分以及年代的前面。比如，
in 1999 在1999年
in August 在八月份
in winter 在冬季
in the afternoon, in the evening, in the morning 在下午/在晚上/在早上
in the 1950s 在50年代
in the 21st century 在21世纪
介词on的用法：
介词on用在星期几、几号等具体的日期前。比如：
on Thursday 在星期四
on 19 January 在1月19日
on Monday morning (请比较：in the morning)
on a cold night (请比较：at night)
但是当星期几的前面有指示性的词比如：this，next和last来修饰时，就不用介词on。
介词at的用法：
介词at 用在点钟、宗教节日和一些固定的词组中。比如：
at 5.30 p.m. 在下午5.30分
at Easter 在复活节
at the end of the war 在战争的末期
at the beginning of the term 在这学期开始
但是当宗教节日中带有day这个词时，前面的介词用on 。
at Christmas on Christmas Day
at/on the weekend 在周末
VI. Memo Writing
参考答案：
To: Alice Hu, Secretary
From: David Guan, Manager
Date: 29 June 2001
Subject: Arrangement for my holiday
I’m going on my annual holiday next Monday 2nd July for three weeks. Please keep my mail until I return. If something urgent occurs, please report it directly to our Deputy Manager or contact me on 12345678903.
mail noun [uncountable]
1 the letters and packages that are delivered to you
2 especially American English the system of collecting and delivering letters and packages
British equivalent: post
3 messages that are sent and received on a computer
ￚsynonym email
VII. Oral Practice
Career goals
l What are your career ambitions?
参考答案：
l I would like to become a HR manager. Then I can help the company I work for to seek best candidate and make them fulfill their ambitions.
l I intend to be a receptionist to meet people and show the best side of our business.
l I aim to be self-employed.
l My career ambition is to set up my own company which can offer high quality products or services.
l Do you think people should take professional advice when planning their careers?
参考答案：
Yes. Sometimes people cannot really identify where their strength and weakness lie. Therefore, it’s better to get professional advice to map out career development plans.
l Do you think business people need to be flexible when planning their careers?
参考答案：
Yes. The business environment changes very rapidly. The chances are that your original career plan may not be reasonable at times and you cannot stick to your targets. Then in this case, people have to be flexible to make better achievements.
l Do you think it is necessary to have long-term goals in your careers?
参考答案：
Yes. I think long-term goals can ensure that you will always have a long way away from it. It will encourage you to be tenacious and resilient to realize the goals in the end.
tenacious adjective
determined to do something and unwilling to stop trying even when the situation becomes difficult 固执的，百折不挠的
a tenacious negotiator 一位百折不挠的谈判者
resilient adjective
able to become strong, happy, or successful again after a difficult situation or event
Children are often very resilient. 孩子们经常是在遇到困难后仍能保持开心乐观。
Work and holidays
u Would you be influenced by the amount of paid holiday when applying for a job?
参考答案：
No. I don’t mind the length of paid holiday provided that I can get my teeth into the job and feel challenged.
get your teeth into something
informal to start to do something with a lot of energy and determination 专注于某事
I can't wait to get my teeth into the new course. 我简直是迫不及待地想要开始学习这门新课。
u Do you think companies should be able to contact staff when they are on holiday?
参考答案：
No. Every employee will arrange his work in advance and another person can take on his responsibility to deal with any emergencies. On the other hand, a telephone may disrupt the whole holiday.
u Should staff be allowed to take holidays whenever they like?
参考答案：
No. If an employee can take holidays whenever they like, then the business will be in trouble and the other staff may feel unfair of always taking on extra responsibility.
u Do you think that people work more effectively after they have had a holiday?
参考答案：
Yes. After holidays, people can feel refreshed and can put more energy into their work.
Homework
1. Oral practice.
When you eat out, what are the criteria to choose a suitable restaurant for you?
Location?
Atmosphere?
Cleanliness?
Speed of service? ……
2.
You are a Project Team Leader. You have had to cancel your next project meeting because some of the member of your team will be abroad.
Write a memo of 40-50 words to your project team:
Informing them of the cancellation and giving the reason
Stating a new date and time for the meeting
Requesting suggestions for the agenda.
