雅思口语解析：Politeness

　　01

　　How do Chinese people show politeness?

　　02

　　Is there any difference between etiquette in cities and in small towns?

　　03

　　How do you deal with impolite people?

　　04

　　What kinds of behaviour are not polite?

　　1. How do Chinese people show politeness?

　　解析：

　　中国人如何展现礼貌?很多同学觉得这个题很难回答，因为有的同学觉得礼貌是出于对于他人的尊重，而是不是为了“展现”，另外还有很多同学的觉得除了说 “谢谢” 和“对不起”没有什么好说的。

　　首先，这个题理解成我们中国人礼貌的表现或者行为就可以了。其次，说“谢谢”和“对不起”可能是几乎所有文化中都有的表达礼貌的方式，因此我们要想一想有哪些中国人特有的表达礼貌的方式。比如说，我们为表尊重，会用“您”这样的尊称;会经常夸奖对方;会在吃饭的时候有具体的席位安排、敬酒规矩等等。

　　词汇：

　　尊称 address sb. respectfully

　　席位安排 seats arrangement

　　敬酒规则 toasting rules

　　范例：

　　Chinese people usually show politeness by saying THANK YOU and SORRY a lot, but I guess that is common in many other countries. We do have some special ways to show our respect. For instance, we would address people respectfully sometimes, when they are older, more experienced, in higher positions, or simply strangers. We would praise people a lot, admiring their achievements and experience. Another thing worth mentioning is the drinking culture in China. There are specific seats arrangement and toasting rules when people drink or have dinner. The rules might vary in different places, but they are equally important. So basically, we like to make others feel comfortable or respected.

　　2. Is there any difference between etiquette in cities and in small towns?

　　解析：

　　首先来说一下题目中的词汇，etiquette |ˈetɪket,-kət| 礼节，礼仪

　　城市礼节：

　　更加注重隐私、喜欢保持一定的隐私空间

　　非常注意一些细节，尽量避免让周围的人感到不适

　　小城镇礼节：

　　关系更加亲近，相对没有那么在意隐私

　　接纳性更强，因为身边的人生活方式和观念更为接近，所以不会那么在意一些细节

　　词汇：

　　婚礼 wedding

　　葬礼 funeral

　　隐私 privacy

　　个人空间 personal space

　　亲密 intimacy, closeness

　　范例：

　　Most etiquettes are quite similar, but there are several major differences. The first one is the closeness between people. In the cities, people tend to be more indifferent and remote. There are simply too many people, so it is really hard to maintain close relationship with all the people around you, so it is really very understandable. People in the small towns, on the other hand, are closer to each other. Another thing is that, people in the cities emphasis their privacy a lot. When they talk to each other, they prefer to keep certain personal space, and they do not like to be asked questions that are too personal, like salary, age, marriage. And there are many differences when people are holding weddings or funerals, but there is really complicated, and I do not quite understand it.

　　3. How do you deal with impolite people?

　　解析：

　　你会如何处理不礼貌的人?大家对于不礼貌或者看不惯的行为，无非有以下几种反应：置之不理;和气沟通;讲原则讲道理，直到解决问题。我们生活中会遇到很多不礼貌的行为，比如插队、随手扔垃圾、当面讨论我们等等。大家不同处理方式的原因也不尽相同。有的时候是因为性格原因，有的时候可能是时间问题或者当时情况的问题。

　　词汇：

　　行为不端 misbehave

　　大声喧哗 make noise

　　扔垃圾 litter

　　吐痰 spit

　　插队 jump the queue

　　争吵 dispute, argument

　　忽略 ignore

　　劝说，讲道理 reason with

　　范例：

　　It really depends. In most cases, I would ignore them because it can be quite exhausting to deal with impolite people. If they misbehave, it is probably safe to say that you cannot reason with them. But if some people were way of the line, I would definitely stand up and do something. I am quite principle-oriented, and it would take a very long time to cool down if I see something wrong and do not do anything about it. Or, if the impolite behaviour would bug me again and again, I would try my best to solve it. For instance, when I first moved into my new apartment, people around were renovating. But some chose to do some really noisy work after 11.00 at night. It’s really inconsiderate and impolite! But I did not want to have dispute with new neighbours, so I called the property management office and asked them to called the owner of property and sort it out.

　　4. What kinds of behaviour are not polite?

　　解析：

　　不礼貌的行为有很多种，共同特征就是会让别人觉得不舒服或者给别人添麻烦。很多行为是否礼貌，可能也要具体的环境。比如说，大声聊天在KTV、火锅店之类的地方特别正常，会让气氛显得特别热闹，在图书馆则不太合适。还有一些行为则是在任何情况下都不太礼貌，比如说脏话、随便扔垃圾、不尊重别人的感受或者劳动成果等。

　　范例：

　　Some impolite behaviour are widely acknowledged, like littering or spitting in public places. Some other behaviour need to be judged under specific circumstance. For instance, Chinese people like to talk loud in the restaurants because it is more lively and people enjoy the atmosphere. So it is perfectly okay to talk loudly in diners or karaoke. But it is not polite to do so in quiet places like the library or museum. So I guess behaviour that would offend others or make others uncomfortable are impolite. After all, anything weird we do to ourselves would not be called impolite, it is all about other people’s feeling.