外国人最想和你聊的名人话题：富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福

　About Roosevelt　关于罗斯福
     Franklin Delano Roosevelt also known by his initials, FDR, was the 32nd President of the United States (1933-1945) and a central figure in world events during the mid-20th century, leading the United States during a time of worldwide economic crisis and world war. The only American president elected to more than two terms, he forged a durable coalition that realigned American politics for decades. FDR defeated incumbent Republican Herbert Hoover in November 1932, at the depths of the Great Depression. FDR's combination of optimism and activism contributed to reviving the national spirit. Working closely with Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin in leading the Allies against Germany and Japan in World War II, he died just as victory was in sight.
     As World War II loomed after 1938, with the Japanese invasion of China and the aggressions of Nazi Germany, FDR gave strong diplomatic and financial support to China and Britain, while remaining officially neutral. His goal was to make America the "Arsenal of Democracy" which would supply munitions to the Allies. In March 1941, Roosevelt, with Congressional approval, provided Lend-Lease aid to the countries fighting against Nazi Germany with Britain. He secured a nearunanimous declaration of war against Japan after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, calling it a "date which will live in infamy". He supervised the mobilization of the US economy to support the Allied war effort. Unemployment dropped to 2%, relief programs largely ended, and the industrial economy grew rapidly to new heights as millions of people moved to new jobs in war centers, and 16 million men and 300,000 women were drafted or volunteered for military service.
     Roosevelt dominated the American political scene, not only during the twelve years of his presidency, but for decades afterward. He orchestrated the realignment of voters that created the Fifth Party System. FDR's New Deal Coalition united labor unions, big city machines, white ethnics, African Americans and rural white Southerners. Roosevelt's diplomatic impact also resonated on the world stage long after his death, with the United Nations and Bretton Woods as examples of his administration's wide-ranging impact. Roosevelt is consistently rated by scholars as one of the greatest US Presidents.
     罗斯福一直被视为美国历史上最伟大的总统之一，是20世纪美国最受民众期望和受爱戴的总统，也是美国历史上唯一连任4届总统的人，任职长达12年。他是身残志坚的代表人，也受到世界人民的尊敬。
     第二次世界大战初，美国采取不介入政策，但对希特勒采取强硬手段，以"租借法"支持同盟国。1941年底，美国参战。罗斯福代表美国两次参加盟国"三巨头"会议。美国著名记者约翰逊在罗斯福传记中写道："他推翻的先例比任何人都多，他砸烂的古老结构比任何人都多，他对美国整个面貌的改变比任何人都要迅猛而激烈。然而正是他最深切地相信，美国这座建筑物从整个来说，是相当美好的。"罗斯福是20世纪最受爱戴和最令人憎恨的美国总统。他受人爱戴的是因为，虽然他出身贵族，但他相信平凡人的价值，并且为维护百姓的权利而战；他受人爱戴的另一个原因是，他有着慑人的魅力。他愉快地工作，对未来充满信心。他带领美国走出经济困境，改变了美国人的生活方式。然后为了捍卫民主政体，帮助世界实现了安全。历史学家和政治学家们一致认为，罗斯福、华盛顿和林肯是美国最伟大的三位总统。