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外国人最想和你聊的时事话题:隐私与亲密

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2018年10月19日

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 What is personal privacy and hospitality 什么是隐私和亲密
     Privacy is the ability of an individual or group to seclude them or information about themselves and thereby reveal them selectively. The boundaries and content of what is considered private differ among cultures and individuals, but share basic common themes. Privacy is sometimes related to anonymity, the wish to remain unnoticed or unidentified in the public realm. When something is private to a person, it usually means there is something within them that is considered inherently special or personally sensitive. The degree to which private information is exposed therefore depends on how the public will receive this information, which differs between places and over time. Privacy is broader than security and includes the concepts of appropriate use and protection of information.
     The concept of privacy is most often associated with Western culture, English and North American in particular. According to some researchers, the concept of privacy sets Anglo-American culture apart even from other Western European cultures such as French or Italian. Privacy, as the term is generally understood in the West, is not a universal concept and remained virtually unknown in some cultures until recent times. Most cultures, however, recognize certain forms of hidden or personal information that is not shared with wider society. The word"privacy" is sometimes regarded as untranslatable by linguists. Many languages lack a specific word for "privacy". Such languages either use a complex description to translate the term or borrow English "privacy".
     Hospitality is the relationship between guest and host, or the act or practice of being hospitable. Specifically, this includes the reception and entertainment of guests, visitors, or strangers, resorts, membership clubs, conventions, attractions, special events, and other services for travelers and tourists.
     In the contemporary West, hospitality is rarely a matter of protection and survival, and is more associated with etiquette and entertainment. However, it still involves showing respect for one's guests, providing for their needs, and treating them as equals. Cultures and subcultures vary in the extent to which one is expected to show hospitality to strangers, as opposed to personal friends or members of one's in-group.
     The hospitality service industry includes hotels, casinos, and resorts, which offer comfort and guidance to strangers, but only as part of a business relationship. The terms hospital, hospice, and hostel also derive from "hospitality", and these institutions preserve more of the connotation of personal care.
     Hospitality ethics is a discipline that studies this usage of hospitality.
     隐私权(right of privacy)是指自然人(natural person)享有的私人生活安宁与私人信息秘密依法受到保护,不被他人非法侵扰(illegal intrusion)、知悉、收集、利用和公开(publicity)的一种人格权(right of personality),而且权利主体(subject of right)对他人在何种程度上可以介入自己的私生活(private life),对自己是否向他人公开隐私(personal privacy)以及公开的范围和程度等具有决定权。隐私权的特征有:隐私权的主体只能是自然人,隐私权的内容具有真实性(authenticity)和隐秘性,隐私权的保护范围受公共利益(public interest)的限制。







     I beg pardon, I shouldn't have mentioned other's secrets.
     请原谅,我不应该提人家的隐私。
     Our privacy should not be violated.
     我们的隐私不容侵犯。
     It is bad manners to tell tales.
     揭人隐私是缺乏教养的。
     She has been living in a goldfish bowl since she won the beauty contest.
     自从她选美获胜后,她就像活在金鱼缸中,任人参观,毫无隐私。
     We must respect other's privacy.
     我们应该尊重别人的隐私。我们不该打听别人的私事。
     He has a private matter which he will never tell anyone.
     他有一个绝对不能告诉任何人的隐私。
     The Research of the Protection on the Right to Individual Privacy in Cyber Space should be paid more attention.
     网络空间隐私侵权探析应当受到重视。
     Why everyone be in favor of the privacy of the famous persons?
     为什么普通人喜欢知道名人的隐私?
     Everyone has his own privacy.
     每个人都有自己的隐私。
     Your medical-seeking privacy will be protected.
     您的就医隐私会受到保护。
     If that privacy is of tort, so does privacy still get legal protection?
     假如那个隐私是侵权的,那么隐私还受法律的保护吗?
     These issues not intervene in personal or private topics.
     这些问题不涉及私人话题或隐私。
     I object to our privacy being invaded.
     我反对我们的隐私权受到侵害。
     They showed a brazen disregard for her privacy.
     他们明目张胆地无视她的隐私权。
     Mrs Brown is known for her hospitality.
     布郎太太以好客闻名。
     We are a hospitable nation.
     我们是好客的民族。
     The islanders are known for their hospitality.
     岛上的居民以好客闻名。
     I am obliged to you for your gracious hospitality.
     我很感谢你的热情好客。
Part 3 Let's Talk! 开始交流吧!
     Jerry: I don't like my Chinese friends calling me "Lao Wai". It makes me feel that I am not one of them.
     杰瑞:我不喜欢中国的朋友叫我"老外"。这让我感觉我不属于他们中的一份子。
     Li Ming: Actually, Chinese people want to treat you as one of us. The word "lao" always implies respect and closeness when used to address someone. For example, senior people are often addressed as "lao Wang" or "lao Li".
     李明:事实上,中国人是希望把你当作自己人看待。用"老"字称呼某人通常包含尊敬和亲近的意思。例如,年纪大的人通常被称为"老王"或"老李"。
     Jerry: I see. Many people are learning English nowadays. But it's a bit weird to hear people say hello to me in the street. That's the word you use to answer phone. So it feels like everybody in the street is on the phone.
     杰瑞:我知道了。许多人如今都在学英语。但是当我在街道上听到有人对我说哈罗的时候感觉有点怪异。这个词通常用于打电话。所以这让我感觉街上的所有人都在打电话。
     Li Ming: Chinese people are friendly. We are also curious about people from afar. What you've just said is an example of such a feeling.
     李明:中国人都非常友善。我们通常对于远方来的人很好奇。你刚刚说的恰恰就是一例。
     Jerry: But occasionally, some people tend to be over-enthusiastic. I was reading in a subway one hot summer day when a young man looked at my arm and asked, "Don't you feel hot with so much hair on your arm?" I have a five-year-old son. And sometimes people like to touch his face or even hold him up in the arms. He doesn't like that. So I have to explain to him that is the Chinese way of showing affection.
     杰瑞:但是有时候,一些人过度热情了。记得在一个炎热的夏天,当我在地铁站看报纸的时候有个年轻人看着我的手臂问:"你的手臂那么多汗毛不觉得热吗?"我有一个五岁的儿子。有时人们喜欢摸他的脸,甚至把他抱在胳膊上。他不喜欢这样,所以我不得不向他解释说这是中国人表达喜爱的方式。
     Li Ming: That's just like what we read in "A neighbor is more dependable than a distant relative." Today's China has evolved from its agricultural origins, where there was limited mobility. Those old traditions have given rise to a unique level of human relationship, which doesn't accommodate personal privacy. People treat each other like one big family. The level of closeness is easily visible in everyday greetings such as "Have you eaten?" and "Where are you going?" Even during first encounters, Chinese people may still ask such questions as "Are you married?" "How old are you?" or other questions which may be very personal to westerner. Or you should learn to appreciate it rather than feeling offended.
     李明:这就像我们所说的"远亲不如近邻"。中国的发展源自于流动性很低的农业。那些传统导致了这种独一无二的人际关系,即不太顾及个人隐私。人们对待彼此就像一家人。这种亲近很容易在每天的打招呼中看出来,比如"吃了吗?"和"你去哪儿?"。甚至在第一次见面时,中国人仍然会提出诸如"你结婚了吗?""你多大了"或者其他一些在西方人看来非常私人的问题。或许你应当学着去理解他而非感到被侵犯。
     Jerry: I've got it. This is Chinese hospitality just like the person who shared your newspaper. I remember some of my western friends telling me that sometimes they will either charge less or offer more when doing the grocery shopping. Again this is all about Chinese hospitality.
     杰瑞:我知道了。就像有的人和你共享报纸是中国好客的表现。我记得一些西方朋友曾告诉我他们购物时有时会少付钱或获得更多的东西,这也是中国好客的表现。
     Li Ming: Well, it seems I am an unlucky person because I've never been in a situation where people are willing to charge me less.
     李明:这么看起来我是个不走运的人,因为我没有遇到过少付钱的状况。
    
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