【医院口语会话】护士和肺气肿病人谈话

　　Patient： I'm 65 yeares old.

　　N： What's troubling you?

　　P： I have had a bed cough and my heart is beating very fast. My blood pressure is highter.

　　N： Have you taken some mediceine the doctor gave you? Have you given up smoking and kept off any alcohol?

　　P： No， I have not by now.

　　N： Now you have suffered emphysema and your blood pressure and heart are abnomal. So from now on， you must stop smoking and keep off any alcohol till forever.

　　N： Now there is very strong evidence that smoking is a hazard to health. Smoking irritates the throat and respiratory passages. It is sometimes linked to loss of appetite， nausea， shortness of breath， and irregularity of the hearbeat. Buteven more important， smoking- - - particularly cigarette smoking - - - has been linked to chronic and often fatal diseases of the respiratory tract. Overw helmingstatistical evidence shows that smokers are more likely to develop cancer of the lung， throat， tongue， and jaw than are nonsmokers. They are also more likely to develop emphysema and bronchitis.

　　N： In addition， apart from the tobacco tar contained in tobacco tar contained in tobacco smoke， the effects of tobacco depend almost entirely upon its nicotine content. Smoking is very harmful to people， young or old especially to older people who suffered from emphysema or heart disease， and hypertension. In just three seconds a cigarette makes your heart beat faster， shoots your blood pressure up .

　　P： Oh， I see. Then， how to stay healthy for older people?

　　N： To a considerable extent， the individual is responsible for his own health. You must establish a definite pattern of healthy living if you are to maintain a sats factory level of wellbeing.

　　1.Exercise regularly such as doing shadow-boxing exercises， going for a walk in the morning.

　　2.Eat a diet that provides a proper balance of proteins ，，car bohy drates， fats， and a lot of vegetables and fruits which not only help to prevent constipation， but also give you the energy， vitamins and minerals that you need for daily activities.

　　3.Obtain sufficient sleep and rest. Individuals vary in their need for sleep， with most adults averaging about eight hours per night.

　　4.Schedule regular visits to your doctor.

　　5.Keep in true with your body. Familiarize yourself with the warning signs of illness and seek medical attention promptly if you should becmome ill.

　　6.Finally， most important of all， maintaining a healthy mental outlook is essential to health.

　　P： Well， thanks

　　护士：您多大岁数了?

　　病人：我65岁了。

　　护士：您哪儿难受?

　　病人：我咳嗽很厉害，心跳得很快，血压也高。

　　护士：您吃了大夫给开的药了吗?您戒烟和酒了吗?

　　病人：没有，我至今还未戒掉。

　　护士：现在您患的是肺气肿病，此外血压和心脏也不正常，因此，从现在起您必须马上戒掉烟、酒， 以后再不能吸烟、喝酒。

　　现在已有可靠的证据表明，抽烟对健康十分有害，它刺激咽喉和呼吸道，有时还会引起食欲不振、恶心、呼吸急促、心律不齐。但更为重要的是呼吸道的慢性病，而且常常是致命性的疾病与抽烟-尤其是卷烟有关。大多数资料统计证明，抽烟者较之不抽烟者更易患肺、咽喉、舌的癌症。也更容易患肺气肿和支气管炎。

　　护士：此外，烟草对健康的损害，除了烟雾中所含的烟油造成的以外，几乎完全是由于烟草中含有的尼古丁造成的。抽烟对于人，无论是年轻人还是老年人都是有害无益的。特别是对已患有肺气肿、心脏病和高血压的老龄患者来说更是危害极大。一支烟可以仅在3秒钟之内，就使您的心跳加快，血压上升。

　　病人：是的，我明白了，那么老年人怎样才能保持健康呢?

　　护士：从某种程度上来说，每个人都应对自己的身体健康负责。如果你想保持良好的健康水平，就必须有一定的正常生活方式。

　　1.要经常锻炼身体，如打一打太极拳，早晨起来散散步。

　　2.要吃含适量的蛋白质、糖和脂肪的食物。多吃蔬菜和水果，这不仅可以防止便秘，而且可以向你提供日常生活所需要的能量、维生素和矿物质。

　　3.要有足够的睡眠和休息。每个人所需要的睡眠时间长短不一，大多数成年人平均每天睡眠时间约8个小时。

　　4.要定期到医院进行体检。

　　5.要随时注意你的身体状况，熟悉你要生病的种种征兆，一旦生病就马站去求医。

　　6.最后，也是最为重要的一点，即保持心情舒畅，这是保证健康的最基本的条件。

　　病人：明白了，谢谢。