【医学口语会话】基层保健队

　　Student： You have just mentioned the primary health care team. Can you give us some explanations?

　　Teacher： The health care team is based either in Area Health Authority ( AHA) premises known as health centres or in the privately owned premises of general practitioners. (This kind of care is carried out in Britain and some other countries.)

　　S： How many members are there in a team?

　　T： Usually eight to ten， including a health physician， three or four nurses; a health visitor， a home nurse， a practice nurse and a psychiatric nurse， a community midwife， a social worker and a secretarial staff.

　　S： What is the difference between a home nurse and a practice nurse?

　　T： A home nurse is likely to be spending much time undertaking domiciliary duties and much of the work is concerned with the elderly and chronic sick and their long term care. Apractice nurse is more likely to be working in the surgery. She may be called on to carry out first aid.

　　S： Does the health visitor do technical nursing procedures?

　　T： The health visitor is not actively engaged in technical nursing procedures. She has an advisory and educational role and is concerned with the prevention of illhealth rather than with curative medicine. She establishes contact with expectant mothers to ensure adequate antenatal preparation and visit new babies. She also gives advice on family planning. A health visitor may be engaged in school health work as well as visiting pre-school children.

　　S： She must be very busy.

　　T： More than that. Health visitors have a list of duties such as to advise on the control of communicable diseases. They will be visiting families where there is a handicapped member， with social workers. They may visit families who have suffered with visiting the elderly to advise on health maintenance.

　　S： I think they are wonder ful workers. I really appreciate their work. With their various duties， the consequence of the primary health care team is amazing.

　　学生：您刚才提到基层保健队，能介绍一下它的情况吗?

　　老师：保健队的基础既可以是做为保健中心的区域保健事务所，也可以是综合开业者的私人诊所。(英国和一些国家实行这种形式的保健工作。)

　　学生：基层保健队有多少成员?

　　老师：通常是8至10人，包括1位保健医生，3或4位护士，1位健康访视护士，1位家庭护士，1位实践护士和1位精神科护士，1位助产士，1位社会工作人员和1位秘书。

　　学生：家庭护士和实践护士有什么不同?

　　老师：家庭护士大部分时间管理病人家中生活的事务，她的工作涉及老年人和慢性病人的长远目标护理。实践护士则更多地从事外科换药工作并承担现场急救工作。

　　学生：健康访视护士负责技术性护理操作吗?

　　老师：健康访视护士不从事技术性护理操作。她负责健康教育及咨询工作。她的工作主要是预防而不是治疗。健访护士与早孕妇女建立联系，保证产有的准备工作，并访视新生儿。她同时参与计划生育工作。健访护士即访视学龄前儿童也参与学校的保健工作。

　　学生：她一定忙得很吧。

　　老师：不仅是忙，健访护士学有一些任务，如，对如何控制传染病提出建议，对有残疾人员的家庭进行访问，并与社会工作人员取得联系。她们还对有丧偶的家庭进行访问。她们更多的工作是访视老年人并对他们如何保持健康提出建议。

　　学生：健康访视护士太好了。我非常欣赏她们的工作。有她们来完成这许多的任务，基层保健队的工作会有非常惊人的成绩的。