美国药典的管理、标准制定和顾问机构

USP GOVERNANCE STANDARDS-SETTING, AND ADVISORY BODIES

USP's governing, standards-setting, and advisory bodies include the USP Convention, the Board of Trustees the Council of Experts and its Expert Committees, Advisory Panels, and staff. Additional volunteer bodies include Stakeholder Forums, Project Teams, and Advisory Groups, which act in an advisory capacity to provide input to USP's governing, standards-setting, and management bodies. 2

美国药典的管理、标准制定和顾问机构

美国药典的管理、标准制定和顾问机构包括:美国药典大会、理事委员会、专家委员会和专家小组委员会、顾问小组以及员工。•其他志愿机构包括:股东论坛、项目团队、和顾问小组，他们以顾问身份给美药典的管理、标准制定和经营机构提供信息或资金。

USP Convention — USP's direction and priorities are determined by more than 400 Convention members divided into nine categories. Eligible organizations within each membership category are invited to appoint a representative. Convention composition is determined to ensure suitable representation of those sections of the health care system that are influenced by, and in turn influence, USP's activities. Convention members elect USP's President, Treasurer and other members of the Board of Trustees as well as the Council of Experts. They also vote on resolutions to guide USP's scientific policy and public health initiatives and update, as needed, USP's Constitution and By-Laws.

美国药典大会美国药典的方针和重点由超过400位的药典大会成员来决定，他们分为9个类别。下属类别中符合条件的组织被邀请派一个代表。药典大会的组成坚决保证卫生保健体系中的这些部门适当的代表性，这些部门受到药典大会的影响，反过来也影响药典大会的活动。药典大会成员选举USP总裁、财务主管、其他理事会和专家委员会的成员。他们也投票决定指导药典的科学决策、公共卫生措施，如果必要，也更新药典的章程和内部规章。

Board of Trustees — USP's Board of Trustees is entrusted with management of the business affairs, finances, and property of USP. During its five-year term, the Board defines USP's strategic direction through its key policy and operational decisions.

理事委员会药典的理事委员会负责管理药典的业务、金融和财产。在五年任期内，管理委员会通过关键决策和可操作性明确美国药典的策略方向。

Council of Experts — The Council of Experts is the standards-setting body of USP. It is composed of 57 Expert Committee Chairs elected to five-year terms by USP's Convention members. A Nominating Committee, consisting of the Chair of the Council of Experts, the Convention President, and the Vice Chair of the Nominating Committee for the Council of Experts, nominates individuals who are subsequently elected by the members of the Council of Experts to serve as Expert Committee members. Collectively, the Expert Committee Chairs and members comprise more than 500 volunteers drawn from 50 countries. The 41 Standards Expert Committees are responsible for the content of USP–NF, the Food Chemicals Codex and associated publications and organized in Collaborative Groups for topics of common interest. 专家委员会 专家委员会是美国药典的标准制定机构。由药典大会选举出的57名专家主任委员组成，任期五年。由专家委员会主任委员、药典大会总裁以及提名专家委员会的提名委员会副主任委员构成的提名委员会推荐候选人，然后由专家委员会选举担当专家委员会成员。专家委员会主任委员和成员包含从50个国家选择成立500多个志愿者。41个标准专家委员会负责《美国药典/国家处方集》、《食品化学物质集》以及相关出版物的内容，并成立多个协作小组讨论共同关注的话题。

Advisory Panels to the Council of Experts— The Chair of the Council of Experts may appoint Advisory Panels to assist the Council of Experts in reaching scientific decisions and implementing new USP directives relating to USP–NF. The list of the Advisory Panels changes frequently as the work of Advisory Panels concludes and new ones start their deliberations. There are more than 350 Advisory Panel members who contribute to the standards-setting activities of the Council of Experts. 专家委员会顾问小纽专家委员会主任委员可以任命顾问小组帮助专家委员会做科学决定、实施有关《美国药典/国家处方集》新方针。顾问小组名单随着顾问小组工作的结束以及新的顾问小组的审议工作的开始而经常改变。有超过350个顾问小组成员，他们为专家委员会制定标准作出了贡献

Stakeholder Forums and Project Teams — USP has formed several domestic and international Stakeholder Forums and Project Teams in the 2005–2010 cycle to exchange information and receive comment on USP's standards-setting activities. Depending on the topic, a stakeholder forum may form project teams to work on selected topics. 股东论坛和项目小组美国药典在2005〜2010期间，在国内外成立了几个股东论坛和项目小组来交流信息，收集有关USP标准建立活动的评论。依据这些话题，股东论坛就可以成立项目小组研究有关话题。

医学英语