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2017年职称英语考试理工类阅读判断试题(5)

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2017年03月17日

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Are You Just Not Ill or Excellent in Health?

As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious (有营养的) foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.

The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. Both types have simply been called “well.” In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their body’s condition. Most important, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be “well,” in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. “Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.

1.Today medical care is placing more stress on

A.keeping people in a healthy physical condition.

B.removing people’s bad living habits.

C.monitoring patients’ body functions.

D.ensuring people’s psychological well-being.

正确答案:B

解析:问题问的是:当今的医疗保健更加强调什么?文章开头提到当今医疗保健的焦点已经从治疗疾病转移到预防疾病上,特别是在改变许多不利于健康的行为,如不良的饮食习惯,吸烟和不运动等。因此B正确,即去除不好的生活习惯。

2.In the first paragraph, people are reminded that

A.drinking, even if not to excess, could be harmful.

B.regular health checks are essential to keeping fit.

C.prevention is more difficult than cure.

D.good health is more than not being ill.

正确答案:A

解析:问题问的是:第一段提醒人们什么?第一段列举了一些人虽然有某种不良的习惯,但是还算健康,但是后面紧接着说他们还可以健康得多(如果没有这些不良的习惯)。由此可见这些不良的习惯还是在某种程度上对这些人的健康有害的。其中就包括喝点酒但是并不醉酒驾车的人。因此A正确,即喝酒,即使不喝多也会对健康有害。BC在文中并没有提到;D是第二段提到的。

Physical Fitness

Physical fitness is today’s hot topic. And wherever you turn, you hear something new. But is it all true?

The more you sweat, the more fat you burn. This myth has encouraged people to work out in extreme heat or wear layers of clothes or rubber or plastic weight-loss suits in the hope of sweating fat off. Unfortunately, it’s water they’re losing, not fat. When you first begin to exercise, you burn carbohydrates or sugars. To burn the fat, plan on working out at least 40 minutes.

No pains, no gains. Many people tend to overdo (过度)their exercise programs looking for quick results. Doing so, however, may result in your injury or sore (疼痛的)muscles. Your best bet is to start any exercise program slowly and gradually increase the workout. This gives people a good beginning without the pain or injury.

Exercise increases appetite. This is true for hard or intense (剧烈的) exercise that lasts for 60 minutes or longer. Gentle exercise that is less than 60 minutes, however, will probably reduce your appetite for one to two hours. Exercise always lowers blood sugar.

You can get fit in 10 minutes a week. This and similar claims are common, but untrue. There are no shortcuts to getting fit. Becoming fit takes work and the general rule is 20 minutes of aerobic activity(有氧运动) three times a week. Consistency is the key. If you stop working out, your muscles will turn to fat. If you decrease your activity and continue to eat the same or more, you may gain back the fat that you worked so hard to lose. It’s not, however, because your muscles turned to fat. Muscles may atrophy (萎缩), but they won’t turn to fat. Muscle is muscle and fat is fat.

1.If you work out less than 40 minutes, you are actually losing

A.fat.

B.water.

C.muscles.

D.plastics.

正确答案:B

解析:问题问的是:如果你健身少于40分钟,你其实在消耗什么?由第二段可知,少于40分钟的运动消耗的其实是水分,而不是脂肪。

2.Paragraph 3 suggests people that

A.they overdo exercise at the very beginning and slow down gradually.

B.they not do exercise to avoid injury.

C.they start slowly and gradually increase the workout.

D.ignore the injury and sore muscle and persevere in doing the exercise.

正确答案:C

解析:问题问的是:第三段建议人们如何运动?推理判断题。第三段提到运动最好是开始慢些,渐渐增加运动量。

3.Which statement is NOT true according to Paragraph 4

A.Doing intense exercise for 60 minutes or more increases appetite.

B.Doing gentle exercise for much more than 60 minute might increase appetite.

C.Doing gentle exercise for less than 60 minutes will probably reduce appetite.

D.Doing gentle exercise for less than 60 minutes will not lower blood sugar.

正确答案:D

解析:问题问的是:根据第四段哪个说法不正确?第四段结尾提到任何运动都会降低血糖。D运动60分钟以下不会降低血糖错误。

4.The writer believes that

A.one can get fit in ten minutes a week.

B.there is no shortcuts to getting fit.

C.if one is consistent, he/she will find the shortcut to getting fit.

D.one must have a job if he/she wants to get fit.

正确答案:B

解析:问题问的是:作者相信什么?倒数第二段结尾提到B的说法“减肥没有捷径”。

5.If you decrease your activity and continue to eat the same or more

A.your muscles may become smaller.

B.your muscles become fat.

C.you will put on muscles.

D.nothing changes at all.

正确答案:A

解析:问题问的是:减少运动,但继续保持或增加食量会怎样?最后一段可知A肌肉会变小正确。B肌肉会变成脂肪;C肌肉会增加;D没有变化。这几项都不正确。


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