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定语从句练习及答案

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2020年03月23日

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一、单项选择(学会识别先行词)。

1.Another food crop raised by Indians_________strange to the European was called Indian corn.

A. who were

B. that were

C. that was

D. who was

2.The time is not far away_________modern communications will become widespread in every corner of the world.

A. as

B. when

C. until

D. before

3.They helped us time and again,_________very kind of them.

A. who were

B. which was

C. that was

D. which were

4.Those guilty of a serious crime_________refuse to reform must be severely punished.

A. which

B. whom

C. when

D. who

5.Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others,_________of course, made others jealous.

A. who

B. that

C. what

D. which

二、单项选择(常见关系代词用法)。

6.Beer is the most popular drink among male drinkers,______ overall consumption is significantly higher than that of women.

A. whose

B. which

C. that

D. what

7.The residents,_________had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.

A. all their homes

B. all who homes

C. all of whose homes

D. all of their homes

8.The professor and her achievement_________you told me about are admired by us all.

A. who

B. which

C. that

D. whom

9.I don't suppose anything happens_________he doesn't foresee.

A. that

B. which

C. what

D. as

10.They shouted with the loudest voice_________they could.

A. when

B. that

C. which

D. what

11.This is the best book_________on the subject.

A. which there is

B. that there is

C. which is

D. what is

12.What's in a name? That_________we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet.

A. what

B. that

C. which

D. when

13. ______I have already mentioned, cardiac surgery is one of the amazing new surgical techniques that have been developed in recent years.

A. Which

B. What

C. As

D. This

14.The meeting was postponed,_________was exactly what I wanted.

A. that

B. which

C. and which

D. this

三、单项选择(特殊关系代词)。

15.Such people_________knew Tom thought he was a trustworthy man.

A. that

B. which

C. as

D. what

16.The British are not so familiar with different cultures and other ways of doing things,_________is often the case in other countries.

A. as

B. what

C. so

D. that

17.In her time, Isadora Duncan was_________today a liberated woman.

A. calling what we would

B. who would be calling

C. what we would call

D. she would call it

18.They lost their way in the forest, and_________made matters worse was that night began to fall.

A. that

B. it

C. what

D. which

19.He is not such a man_________would leave his work half done.

A. who

B. whom

C. as

D. that

20.Water will continue to be_________it is today—next in importance to oxygen.

A. how

B. which

C. as

D. what

21.Much more money has been earned in the past two years than _________.

A. what had anticipated

B. had expected

C. had been expected

D. that what had been expected

22.A microscope can reveal vastly more detail_________is visible to the naked eye.

A. than

B. that

C. which

D. what

23.He claims to be an expert in astronomy, but in actual fact he is quite ignorant on the subject._________he knows about it is out of date and inaccurate.

A. What little

B. So much

C. How much

D. So little

24.Scientists believe the first inhabitants of the Americas arrived by crossing the land bridge that connected Siberia and_________more than 10,000 years ago.

A. this is Alaska now

B. Alaska is now

C. is now Alaska

D. what is now Alaska

25.The first people to live in_________Hawaii were the Polynesians, who sailed there in large canoes from other Pacific Islands about 2,000 years ago.

A. now where is

B. what is now

C. it is now

D. now this is

26.______ touching in O. Henry's stories is the gallantry with which ordinary people struggle to maintain their dignity.

A. Most is

B. It mostly is

C. That is most

D. What is most

27.With the introduction of the electric computer, there are no complicated problems_________can be solved.

A. that

B. as

C. but

D. which

28.There are very few rules of grammar _________; the exception proves the rule.

A. that are not with exception

B. but have exceptions

C. not having exception to them

D. not with exception to them

29.______is generally accepted, economical growth is determined by the smooth development of production.

A. What

B. That

C. It

D. As

30.In Norway,_________is a Baltic country, you can see the mid-night sun.

A. which

B. where

C. in which

D. that

31.In some countries,_________are called "public schools" are not owned by the state.

A. that

B. which

C. as

D. what

32.In Kuwait,_________there are many oil wells but no rivers, fresh water had to be brought in boats from 100 miles away.

A. which

B. where

C. that

D. what

33.In some countries,_________is called "equality" does not really mean equal rights for all people.

A. which

B. what

C. that

D. one

四、单项选择(关系副词用法)。

34.I know of a number of occasions_________people died from water pollution.

A. which

B. when

C. where

D. while

35.There can't be any life on Venus,_________the temperature is as high as 900°F.

A. which

B. when

C. where

D. there

36.The reason_________he died was lack of medical care.

A. which

B. for that

C. as

D. why

37.He told us how he dealt with the self-interest of countries to bring them into a kind of international accord_________everyone seemed to benefit.

A. where

B. which

C. that

D. what

38.Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field, he succeeded_________other more well-informed experimenters failed.

A. which

B. that

C. what

D. where

39.We may encounter situations_________this principle cannot be applied.

A. where

B. which

C. what

D. as

40.This is the shop_________I often speak to you.

A. where

B. which

C. of which

D. in which

41.This is the shop_________I often buy foodstuffs.

A. where

B. which

C. of which

D. to which

42.When you read the book, you'd better make a mark_________you have any questions.

A. at which

B. where

C. the place where

D. in which

五、把下列简单句合并成带有定语从句(介词+关系词)的复合句。

43.He is the man and I think you can depend on him.

44.We assume that the meanings of these underwater sounds are similar to those sounds on land and we are familiar with the sounds on land.

45.Agriculture was a step in human progress and subsequently there was not anything comparable to it until our own machine age.

46.When television was first introduced, it would affect society to the extent and the extent could not have been foreseen.

47.It is useful to be able to predict the extent and to the extent a price change will affect supply and demand.

48.Public demonstrations are an effective means and by the means the people can bring social inequalities to the attention of government officials.

49.Americans regard education as the means and by this means the inequalities among individuals are to be erased and by this means every desirable end is to be achieved.

50.A frequent criticism of most online companies has been the snail's pace and at this pace they deliver their products.

51.The pressure from spending in turn determines the ease and with ease prices increase.

六、单项选择(介词+关系词)

52.When television was first introduced, the extent_________it would affect society could not have been foreseen.

A. what

B. to which

C. to that

D. which

53.TV's influence should be measured not only in terms of immediate change in behavior, but also by the extent_________it develops certain views of life.

A. to which

B. so that

C. in which

D. with which

54.It was luck again, according to Nina, that brought her the role in Mute Wife_________she is best known.

A. as which

B. which

C. for which

D. to which

55.Many critics agree that the novel is an art form_________women excel.

A. in which

B. to which

C. of which

D. by which

56.He is the man_________I think you can depend.

A. in whom

B. on who

C. with whom

D. on whom

57.The goals_________he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.

A. against which

B. for which

C. which

D. for that

58.Public demonstrations are an effective means_________the people can bring social inequalities to the attention of government officials.

A. by this

B. with which

C. by which

D. and which

59.We assume that the meanings of these underwater sounds are similar to those_________we are familiar on land.

A. to which

B. with whom

C. with that

D. with which

60.Dolphins might be trained to cooperate with fishermen and help them by finding, tracking, herding, or even catching fish— ______activities dolphins are expert.

A. at all of these

B. in all of which

C. all of which

D. in all of what

61.About a thousand species of animals are in danger of extinction, and the rate_________they are being destroyed has increased.

A. which

B. that

C. what

D. at which

62.A frequent criticism of most online companies has been the snail's pace_________they deliver their products.

A. in that

B. at what

C. at which

D. which

63.The buzzard can watch high in the sky the ground for signs of the waste and the dead animals_________it feeds.

A. which

B. on what

C. in which

D. on which

64.She spent all evening talking about her latest book,_________none of us had ever heard.

A. in that

B. in which

C. of what

D. of which

65.Agriculture was a step in human progress_________which subsequently there was not anything comparable until our own machine age.

A. to

B. for

C. in

D. from

66.The pressure from spending in turn determines the ease ______prices increase.

A. by which

B. with that

C. with which

D. what

67.Oil,_________there are several different types, is used for many purposes by countries all over the world.

A. which

B. in which

C. by which

D. of which

68.Many countries face some serious problems of land use, ______result from population growth and the demands of modern technological living.

A. most which

B. which most

C. of most which

D. most of which

69.It is useful to be able to predict the extent_________which a price change will affect supply and demand.

A. from

B. with

C. to

D. for

70.By bringing about a great leap in the speed and ease ______information moves from place to place, the Internet has greatly accelerated the rate of scientific and technological changes.

A. with which

B. which

C. to which

D. by which

71.We need a chairman _________.

A. for whom everyone has confidence

B. in whom everyone has confidence

C. who everyone has confidence of

D. whom everyone has confidence on

72.A survey was carried out on the death rate of new-born babies in that region,_________the results were surprising.

A. as

B. which

C. what

D. of which

73.The classroom is a natural environment_________and apply the concept of community service to reduce local crime problems.

A. which to introduce

B. to introduce

C. in which to introduce

D. which to introduce

74.The science of medicine,_________progress has been very rapid lately, is perhaps the most important of all the sciences.

A. in which

B. to which

C. with which

D. which

七、翻译下列短文,认真体会关系词前边的介词用法。

75.A friend is not just someone to whom you say "Hello”. A friend is a tender shoulder on which you can softly cry. A friend is a well into which you can pour all your troubles down. A friend is a hand which pulls you up from darkness and despair when all your other "so-called friends" have helped to put you there. A true friend is an ally who can't be moved or bought, a voice which keeps your name alive when others have forgot. But most of all a friend is a heart, a strong and sturdy wall, for from the hearts of friends there comes the greatest love of all!

76.When we indulge in self-pity, we rob the poor and the suffering of that which is theirs by right and waste it on ourselves, to whom it does more harm than good.

八、分析下列that引导的是定语从句还是名词从句,并译成汉语。

77.Studies show that the things that contribute most to a sense of happiness cannot be bought, such as a good family life, friendship and work satisfaction.

78.The ruler of an ancient kingdom wanted to disprove the rumor that their wives ruled the men of his domain. He had all the males in his kingdom brought before him and warned that any man that did not tell the truth would be punished severely. Then he asked all the men that obeyed their wives' directions and advice to step to the left side of the hall. All the men did so but one little man that moved to the right.“It's good to see," said the king,“ that we have one real man in the kingdom. Tell these chicken-hearted dunces(傻瓜)why you alone among them stand on the right side of the hall." "Your Majesty," came the reply in a squealing(长而尖锐的声音)voice, "it is because before I left home my wife told me to keep out of crowds."

79.The mere fact that most people believe nuclear war would be madness does not mean that it will not occur.

80.An evidence that life may have existed on earth 3.8 billions years ago has been discovered in these ancient rocks.

81.When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously.

九、分析下列定语从句的结构,并翻译成汉语(各种复杂定语从句)。

82.If there is anything in the world that a young man should be more grateful for than another, it is the poverty which necessitates starting life under very great disadvantage.

83.One of the illusions of life is that the present hour is not the critical, decisive hour. Write it on your heart that every day is the best day of the year. He only is rich who owns the day, and no one owns the day who allows it to be invaded with worry, fret, and anxiety. Finish every day, and be done with it. You have done what you could.

84.Every December we choose ten trends that we think will be the most important influences in the business of technology in the coming year.

85.There are things you would love to hear but you will never hear it from the person from whom you would like to hear it, but don't be deaf to hear it from the person who says it with heart.

86.The 20th century will not be remembered as the era when space was conquered, or the power of the atom harnessed, but that in which were made the first machines having intelligence.

87.Customs inspectors are hard to fool. They see scores of travelers every day. They soon learn how to pick out a person who may be smuggling something across the border. The clue may be in the way the person walks. Or it may be in the way he talks. Or it may be just a strange feeling the inspector has that makes him suspect a person of smuggling.

十、单项选择。

88.Many students face problems when they have to study a subject _________.

A. that they think it is difficult

B. that they think is difficult

C. which they think that is difficult

D. they think it is difficult

89.He has made a discovery,_________of great importance to the progress of science and technology.

A. I think which is

B. which I think is

C. which I think it is

D. of which I think it is

90.They pointed out the damage_________had been done by last night's storm.

A. which they supposed

B. which they supposed that

C. they supposed that

D. that they supposed which

91.The girl_________we supposed was drowned came back.

A. who

B. whom

C. as

D. which

92.The girl_________we supposed drowned came back.

A. what

B. that

C. as

D. which

93.Water enters into a great variety of chemical reactions, ______have been mentioned in previous pages.

A. a few of what

B. a few of which

C. a few of that

D. a few of them

94. shrewd people_________he described in his novel are to be found everywhere.

A. Such/like

B. Such/as

C. So/like

D. So/as

95.The Great Wall is the place_________almost all tourists would like to visit when they come to Beijing.

A. where

B. which

C. of which

D. in which

96.He didn't have a good command of spoken English,_________made it difficult for him to get a good job.

A. that

B. which

C. what

D. this

97.Collin's struggle to make a place for herself in ballet is the kind of life story_________a fascinating novel might be written.

A. of that

B. about which

C. by whom

D. for whom

98.The quality of teaching should be measured by the degree ______the students' potentiality is developed.

A. of which

B. with which

C. in which

D. to which

99.Basic research provides the capital fund of scientific knowledge,_________ which the applied researchers draw to give society a rich rate of interest.

A. on

B. out

C. up

D. back

100.Hiram Revels, the first Black member of the United States Senate, served as senator from Mississippi, an office_________he was elected in 1870.

A. which

B. to which

C. and which

D. at which

101.They will move into the new house next Friday,_________it will be completely furnished.

A. by the time

B. by which time

C. by that time

D. by this time

102.The tall rectangular buildings may well give way to a more complex and exciting shape providing areas_________which the individual can fully identify himself.

A. to

B. for

C. with

D. by

103.The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds_________his argument in favor of the new theory.

A. which to base on

B. on which to base

C. to base on which

D. which to be based on

104.We can separate oil into the chemical compounds_________it is composed.

A. of which

B. with which

C. in which

D. from which

105.We have found a useful compound_________we can separate some important elements.

A. of which

B. with which

C. in which

D. from which

106.I've kept up a friendship with a girl who I was at school ______twenty years ago.

A. about

B. since

C. till

D. with

107.This is an exciting area of study, and one_________which new applications are being discovered almost daily.

A. from

B. by

C. in

D. through

108.Noise in a room may be reduced by carpeting, draperies, and upholstered furniture,_________absorb sound.

A. which they all

B. of them all

C. all of which

D. of all which

109.After the First World War, the author Anais Nin became interested in the art movement known as Surrealism and in psychoanalysis, both_________her novels and short stories.

A. in which the influence

B. of which influenced

C. to have influence

D. its influence in

110.I don't think the number of people_________this happens is very large.

A. when

B. to whom

C. that

D. of which

111.Anthony Jason,_________Louis succeeded in the experiment, was a friend of mine.

A. with the help from whom

B. with whose help

C. with the help of his

D. with his help

112.He's written a book_________the name I've completely forgotten.

A. whose

B. which

C. of which

D. that

113.Watercolor provides a brilliant transparency and freshness, _________ it allows extraordinarily free brushwork.

A. that

B. during

C. which

D. and

114.Mahalia Jackson,_________combined powerful vitality with great dignity, was one of the best-known gospel singers in the United States.

A. it was her singing

B. which songs

C. who sang

D. whose singing

115.Mr. Jones,_________John was working, was very generous about overtime payment.

A. for whom

B. for who

C. whom

D. for that

116.This is the faith_________I come back.

A. in which

B. with which

C. on which

D. in that

117.It was he_________we had the greatest faith.

A. in whom

B. that

C. with whom

D. who

118.Arthur Miller's play Death of a Salesman is the tragic story of a man destroyed by his own hollow values and those of the society_________.

A. he lives in which

B. in which he lives

C. which in he lives

D. in that he lives

119.In the United States, a primary election is a method_________voters select the nominees for public office.

A. in that

B. by which

C. by those

D. is that

120.Emily Dickinson's garden was a place_________great inspiration for her poems.

A. that she drew

B. by drawing her

C. from which she drew

D. drawn from which

121.We moved to the new house in the suburbs so that the kids would have a garden _________.

A. in which to play

B. to play with

C. to play

D. where to play

122.He showed me a book,_________I could tell that it was pretty old.

A. which cover

B. of which cover

C. the cover which

D. from the cover of which

123.Solomon was diligent, responsible and hardworking,_________he was promoted from a clerk to a manager.

A. for which

B. which

C. for

D. that

124.— Did the audience participate in the party?

— Yes, the actors_________to involve the audience were successful.

A. whom it was the function

B. of which the function was

C. whose function it was

D. whose were the function

125.The doctors all blamed the irresponsible boy_________to protect the little girl.

A. it was he that was

B. whose duty was it

C. it was whose duty

D. whose duty it was

126.The project requires more labor than_________because it is extremely difficult.

A. has been put in

B. have been put in

C. being put in

D. to be put in

127.He often sat in a small bar drinking considerably more than _________.

A. he was in good health

B. his good health was

C. his health was good

D. was good for his health

128.The costs of distribution and sales make up a large part of prices that _________.

A. all products are paid for

B. are paid for all products

C. for all products paid

D. for which all products paid

129.Without facts we can't form a worthwhile opinion for we need to have factual knowledge_________our thinking.

A. upon which to base

B. which to base upon

C. which to be based on

D. to which to be based

130.Many people are unaware that prairies once existed_________is now the state of Michigan.

A. in what

B. in that

C. in which

D. where

131.His great grandmother was among the last to settle in_________is now the famous mountain resort.

A. that

B. where

C. which

D. what

132.More middle-aged persons suffer from heart trouble than _________.

A. it generally is realized

B. is generally realized

C. generally it is realized

D. generally is realized

133.The Social Security Retirement Program is made up of two trust funds,_________could go penniless by next year.

A. the larger one

B. the larger of which

C. the largest one

D. the largest of which

134.Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, ______obtaining water is not the least.

A. of which

B. for which

C. as

D. whose

135.Poverty is also threatening the company's most valuable resource, its staff, _________

A. who are increasingly being lured

B. which is increasingly being lured

C. lured increasingly

D. to be increasingly lured

136.So quickly are science and technology advancing_________is a possibility today may be a reality tomorrow.

A. which

B. what

C. that which

D. that what

137. ______is known to all, gases expand and contract with the increase and decrease of temperature.

A. Which

B. As

C. That

D. It

138.Obviously there was little certainty_________the chairman would agree to this proposal.

A. which

B. why

C. what

D. that

139.— Do you like the book your father gave you?

— Very much. It's exactly_________I wanted.

A. one which

B. that

C. one what

D. the one

140.He never sells such books_________are considered harmful to the readers.

A. that

B. as

C. which

D. what

141.Physics is the present-day equivalent of_________used to be called natural philosophy,_________which most of present-day science arose.

A. what, from

B. that, from

C. which, of

D. what, with

142.Many birds have feathers_________with their surroundings.

A. colors blend

B. that colors blend

C. whose colors blend

D. of which the colors that blend

143.Civil rights are the freedoms and rights_________as a member of a community, state, or nation.

A. may have a person

B. a person who may have

C. a person may have

D. and a person may have

144.The computer has dramatically affected_________photographic lenses are constructed.

A. is the way

B. that the way

C. which way do

D. the way

145.Despite its wide range of styles and instrumentation, country music has certain common features_________its own special character.

A. give it that

B. that give it

C. that give

D. that gives it to

146.Mango trees,_________densely covered with glossy leaves and bear small fragrant flowers, grow rapidly and can attain heights of up to 90 feet.

A. whose

B. which are

C. are when

D. which

147.The computer has brought about surprising technological changes _________ we organize and produce information.

A. in a way

B. in the way

C. in that way

D. in no way

148.In the early twentieth century, the "Model T" automobile was mass-produced and sold at a price_________could afford.

A. the average person who

B. that the average person who

C. and the average person

D. the average person

149.There are many copper mines in the state of Arizona, ______contributes significantly to the state's economy.

A. a fact

B. which fact

C. whose fact

D. that

150._________, dolphins have no sense of smell.

A. As known as far

B. Known thus far as

C. It is known as far

D. As far as is known

151.Speech has to be triggered and this depends on interaction between the mother and the child,_________the mother recognizes the cues and signals in the child's crying, smiling, and responds to them.

A. when

B. which

C. why

D. where

152.Giant pandas resemble bears in shape and in _________.

A. it is a slow, clumsy way to walk

B. the slow, clumsy way that they walk

C. they walk in a slow, clumsy way

D. their slow walk is clumsy

十一、辨别改错。

153.Members of a nation's foreign service represent that country's interests abroad(A) and report on(B) the conditions, trends, and policies of the country which(C) they are(D) stationed.

154.Many species can communicate(A) an amazing amount of information via(B) sound, information which(C) both the life of an individual and the continued(D) existence of the species may depend.

155.Most(A) of the food what(B) elephants eat is brought(C) to their mouths by their(D) trunks.

156.It is perhaps not an exaggeration to say(A) that we shall soon be trusting(B) our health,wealth and happiness to elements with whom(C) very names the general public are(D) unfamiliar.

157.Traditionally, ethnographers and linguists have paid(A) little attention to cultural interpretations given to(B) silence, or to(C) the types of social contexts in which tends(D) to occur.

158.Light rays what(A) enter the eye must be focused onto(B) a point on the retina in order for(C) a clear visual image to form(D).

159.Carson McCullers was only(A) 23 when she published(B) her first novel, The Heart Is a Lonely Hunter for what(C) she received much(D) acclaim.

160.A mirage is an atmospheric(A) optical illusion in what(B) an observer sees a nonexistent body of water or(C) an image of some object(D).

161.Humus, a substance found(A) in soil, is soft and spongy(B) and enables plant roots to send out tiny hairs through that(C) they(D) absorb water and food.

162.They pointed out(A) the damage which(B) they supposed that(C) had been done by last night's(D) storm.

163.There are many(A) valuable services which the public are willing to pay for(B), but which does(C) not bring a return in money(D) to the community.

164.Mercury's velocity is so much(A) greater than the Earth's(B) that it completes more than four revolutions around the Sun in the time that(C) takes the Earth to complete one(D).

165.Vaccines for some(A) rare diseases are given only to persons which(B) risk exposure(C) to the disease(D).

166.This is the most important respect which(A) civilized man(B) can be distinguished from(C) primitive communities(D).

167.Doppler radar can be used to determine the direction(A) which(B) the particles(C) of a cloud are moving(D).

168.By(A) 1860 the railroad of the United States had(B) 3,000 miles of track(C), three-quarters of which it(D) was east of the Mississippi River and north of the Ohio River.

169.Eleanor Roosevelt set(A) the standard which(B) the wives of all United States(C) Presidents since(D) have been evaluated.

170.There is a delicate(A) balance of nature which(B) many square miles of ocean and vegetation and clean air are needed(C) to maintain only a relatively few(D) human beings.

171.Ripe fruit is(A) often stored in a place where(B) contains much(C) carbon dioxide so that(D) the fruit will not decay too rapidly.

172.About a thousand species of(A) animals are in danger of(B) extinction, and the rate which(C) they are being destroyed(D) has increased.

173.When television(A) was first(B) introduced, the extent to what(C) it would affect society could not have been foreseen(D).

174.Public demonstrations are an(A) effective means which(B) the people can bring social inequalities(C) to the attention of government(D) officials.

175.The speed at what(A) an animal lives is determined(B) by measuring(C) the rate at which(D) it uses oxygen.

176.Americans regard education as(A) the means which(B) the inequalities among individuals are to be(C) erased and by which every desirable end is to be achieved(D).

177.A frequent criticism(A) of most online companies(B) has been the snail's pace to which(C) they deliver their(D) products.

178.By bringing about(A) a great leap in the speed and ease with what(B) information moves from place to place, the Internet has greatly(C) accelerated the rate of scientific(D) and technological changes.

179.For each(A) enzyme(酶)reaction there(B) is an optimum(最适宜的) temperature which(C) maximum efficiency(D) is achieved.

180.The term "metabolism(新陈代谢)" refers(A) to the chemical changes(B) which(C) living(D) things transform food into energy.

181.The outer layer(A) of the heart, called(B) the pericardium, forms(C) a sac in what(D) the heart lies.

一~四、单项选择。

1-5: CBBDD

6-10: ACCAB

11-15: BCCBC

16-20: ACCCD

21-25: CAADB

26-30: DCBDA

31-35: DBBBC

36-42: DADACAB

五、把下列简单句合并成带有定语从句(介词+关系词)的复合句。

43.He is the man on whom I think you can depend.

44.We assume that the meanings of these underwater sounds are similar to those with which we are familiar on land.

45.Agriculture was a step in human progress to which subsequently there was not anything comparable until our own machine age.

46.When television was first introduced, the extent to which it would affect society could not have been foreseen.

47.It is useful to be able to predict the extent to which a price change will affect supply and demand.

48.Public demonstrations are an effective means by which the people can bring social inequalities to the attention of government officials.

49.Americans regard education as the means by which the inequalities among individuals are to be erased and by which every desirable end is to be achieved.

50.A frequent criticism of most online companies has been the snail's pace at which they deliver their products.

51.The pressure from spending in turn determines the ease with which prices increase.

六、单项选择(介词+关系词)。

52-55: BACA

56-60: DBCDB

61-65: DCDDA

66-70: CDDCA

71-74: BDCA

七、翻译下列短文,认真体会关系词前边的介词用法。

75. 朋友,不仅仅是一个见了面你会对他说声“你好”的人。朋友,是你能依偎着轻轻哭泣的温柔肩膀。朋友,是能容纳你所有烦恼的一口深井。朋友,是当你被那些“所谓的朋友”抛弃时,把你从黑暗和绝望中解救出来的一只手。真正的朋友,是赶不走也收买不了的支持者,是一个永远回荡着你的名字的声音,即使其他人已将你遗忘。最重要的是,朋友是一颗心,一堵坚实的墙,而正是因为有了这些朋友的一片心,才使我们拥有伟大的爱!

76. 如果我们沉溺于自怨自怜中,就等于是把本该属于贫苦之人和悲痛之人的权利浪费在我们自己身上,这对我们实在是百弊而无一利。

八、分析下列that引导的是定语从句还是名词从句,并译成汉语。

77.Studies show that...宾语从句

the things that contribute...定语从句

研究表明,真正让我们感到幸福的东西是金钱无法买到的,比如美满的家庭生活、纯真的友谊和工作上的称心如意。

78.the rumor that...同位语从句

warned that...宾语从句

any man that...定语从句

all the men that...定语从句

one little man that...定语从句

see that we have...宾语从句

古时候,有位国王,他想证明在他统治的国度里并非像人们谣传的那样:妇人统治丈夫。他把王国里所有的男人都召到跟前,并警告说,如果谁不说实话将遭到严厉的惩罚。然后,他让所有听从夫人命令的男人站到大殿的左侧。结果所有的男人都去了左边,只有一个矮小的男人站在右边。“太好了,”国王说,“我们的国度里还有一个真正的男人。告诉那些傻瓜们,你为什么站在右边。”“陛下,”他尖着嗓子说,“我出门之前,夫人有令,人多的地方不能去。”

79.同位语从句

尽管大多数人认为核战争是愚蠢的行为,但这并不意味着核战不会爆发。

80.同位语从句

生命早在38亿年前就已经存在于地球的证据在这些古老的岩石中被发现了。

81.同位语从句

当把在伦敦以南45英里处发现有一只美洲狮出没的消息通知伦敦动物园时,人们对此并没有重视。

九、分析下列定语从句的结构,并翻译成汉语(各种复杂定语从句)。

82.对于青年人来说,如果世上真的有什么事物是他应该最为感激的,那就是贫穷,因为贫穷能促使他在非常恶劣的环境下开创生活。

分析:本句包含两个定语从句。一个是不定代词anything后that引导的定语从句,a young man should be more grateful for than another,注意此定语从句与其先行词被介词短语in the world分隔开来。另一个定语从句是which necessitates starting life under very great disadvantage,用来修饰先行词the poverty,其中引导词which在定语从句中作主语。

83.在生活中,我们往往有一种错觉:认为眼下的每一个时刻并不是关键的、决定性的时刻。其实,应该牢记每天都是一年中最好的一天。拥有了今天的人才是一个富有的人。如果是让担心、焦虑和烦恼充斥着自己每一天,那就意味着你浪费了这一天。过好每一天,收获每一天。做好该做的。

分析:本句包含两个定语从句。分句he only is rich who owns the day中,第一个定语从句修饰人称代词he。分句 no one owns the day who allows it to be invaded with worry, fret, and anxiety 中,第二个定语从句修饰no one。

84.在每年的十二月,我们要选出对来年的科技产业将会产生巨大影响的十大趋势。

分析:先行词为ten trends,定语从句为that we think will be the most important influences in the business of technology in the coming year,其中,引导词that在定语从句中作宾语。

85.有些你想听的东西,可能永远无法从你希望能说出它的那个人口中听到,但是也不要对那些真心说出的话充耳不闻。

分析:本句包含三个定语从句。there are things you would love to hear but you will never hear it from the person from whom you would like to hear it,这句中包含两个定语从句,两个定语从句的先行词分别为things和the person,其中第一个定语从句省略了引导词that或which(作宾语),第二个定语从句的引导词为from whom。don't be deaf to hear it from the person who says it with heart,who引导的定语从句修饰the person,who在定语从句中作主语。

86.20世纪不会被人们铭记为征服了太空或是利用了原子动力的世纪,而是被铭记为制造了首批智能化机器的世纪。

分析:第一个定语从句when space was conquered, or the power of the atom harnessed先行词是the era。第二个定语从句in which were made the first machines having intelligence先行词也是the era,不过为了避免重复,用that指代了the era。所以,这两个定语从句由but连接,修饰同一个先行词the era。还要注意,第二个定语从句in which were made the first machines having intelligence是一个全部倒装的句子,正常语序应是:in which the first machines having intelligence were made,并可进一步还原成:the first machines having intelligence were made in the era (which)。

87.海关检查人员可不是好骗的。他们每天要检查大量的旅客。他们很快就能学会怎样识别那些从边境走私的人。线索可能是那些人走路的样子,也可能是说话的方式,或者只是凭直觉使他们怀疑某人是在走私。

分析:it may be just a strange feeling the inspector has that makes him suspect a person of smuggling.是一个双层定语从句。

十、单项选择。

88-90:BBA

91-95: ABBBB

96-100: BBDAB

101-105: BCBAD

106-110: DCCBB

111-115: BCDDA

116-120: BABBC

121-125: ADACD

126-130: ADBAA

131-135: DBBAA

136-140: DBDDB

141-145: ACCDB

146-150: BBDBD

151-152: DB

十一、辨别改错。

153. C/in which

154. C/on which

155. B/that或which

156. C/with whose

157. D/ in which it tends

158. A/that或which

159. C/for which

160. B/in which

161. C/through which

162. C/that去掉

163. C/do

164. C/that it

165. B/who

166. A/in which

167. B/in which

168. D/which

169. B/by which

170. B/in which

171. A/that或which

172. C/at which

173. C/to which

174. B/by which

175. A/at which

176. B/by which

177. C/at which

178. B/which

179. C/at which

180. C/in which

181. D/which

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