2016考研英语：并列句&复合句转化

　　2016考生在复习考研英语的时候会遇到一个很大的障碍，那就是阅读理解和翻译中的长难句结构分析。尤其在阅读理解中，经常会出现一句话占了三四行的情况，导致很多考生无法正确理解句子含义，其实这都是完全可以化繁为简的。今天小编就教你把并列句和复合句转化为独立主格和复合结构的方法。

　　【四大步骤】

　　1. 判断复合句——选择一个主从复合句，包含主句和从句等其他分句。

　　2. 主句的主语不等于从句的主语。

　　3. 去掉从句的引导词(如果换成with叫作伴随状语，复合结构)。

　　4. 如果从句时主系表结构的句子，直接去掉从句的系动词;如果从句是主谓宾结构的句子，将从句的谓语动词改为非谓语动词(主动关系用-ing结构;被动关系用-ed结构)。

　　【例1】并列句

　　She is broken-heart, for tears are on her powered cheeks. 寸寸柔肠，盈盈粉泪。

　　→She is broken-heart, tears on her powered cheeks.

　　或者She is broken-heart, with tears on her powered cheeks.

　　【例2】时间状语

　　When false is taken for true, true becomes false. 假作真时真亦假，无为有处有还无。

　　→False taken for true, true becomes false.

　　或者With false taken for true, true becomes false.

　　【例3】原因状语

　　Because the weather became terribly cold, we entered the room to warm ourselves. 因为天气特别冷，所以我们都进屋取暖。

　　→The weather terribly cold, we entered the room to warm ourselves.

　　或者With the weather terribly cold, we entered the room to warm ourselves.

　　【例4】条件状语

　　If time permits, we will visit the Summer Palace. 如果时间允许我们就去颐和园。

　　→Time permitting, we will visit the Summer Palace.

　　或者With time permitting, we will visit the Summer Palace.

　　【真题例举】

　　The grand mediocrity of today—everyone being the same in survival and number of off-spring—means that natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class India compared to the tribe.

　　译文：当今人与人在很大程度上的平等——即面对自然淘汰法则人人机会均等，并且连子嗣的数目都一样——这意味着和印度土著部落的情况相比，自然选择在印度中上层阶级中已丧失了80%的作用。

　　解析：复合结构everyone being the same in survival and number of off-spring可还原为简单句单独理解和翻译，即：Everyone is the same in survival and number of off-spring.