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VOA慢速英语:芝加哥致力于减少枪支暴力

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2016年12月30日

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Chicago Working to Reduce Gun Violence

芝加哥致力于减少枪支暴力

Gun violence is an issue in Chicago, Illinois, America's third largest city.

枪支暴力是美国第三大城市伊利诺伊州芝加哥市面临的一项难题。

The Chicago Tribune reported that 61 people were shot in the city during the long Christmas holiday weekend. Eleven of those shot died, the newspaper said. The holiday weekend ended Monday night.

《芝加哥论坛报》报道称,在这次圣诞周末假期,该市有61人被枪击,其中11人死亡。这次周末假期于周一晚上结束。

The Tribune said the attacks brought the total number of shootings for 2016 to more than 4,300. The number killed in shootings this year reached 770, it said.

《芝加哥论坛报》表示,这些袭击使得2016年的枪击总数达到4300多次。该报称今年被枪杀的人数达到了770人。

In 2015, 2,989 people were shot and 492 were killed in gun violence.

在2015年,芝加哥有2989人被枪击,其中492人被枪杀。

Chicago is not the only city in the United States to report an increase in shootings and murders.

芝加哥并非美国唯一一个报告枪击和谋杀案激增的城市。

The Brennan Center for Justice is a non-profit research group with ties to New York University's Law School. It reported last week that the murder rate for 2016 in America's 30 largest cities is expected to be 14 percent higher than the rate last year.

布伦南司法中心是一家同纽约大学法学院存在关联的的非营利性研究组织。该组织上周报告称,2016年美国30个最大城市的谋杀率预计比去年高出14%。

The center blames the increase on fewer police officers working in some cities, as well as poverty and increased gang violence. But it said that two large cities -- Baltimore and Washington D.C. -- have fewer murders this year than in 2015.

该中心将这一增长归咎于一些城市在职警察人数减少,以及贫困和帮派暴力增加。但是该中心表示,今年巴尔的摩和华盛顿特区这两大城市的谋杀率低于2015年。

Eddie Johnson is Chicago's Police Superintendent. He said 90 percent of those killed in his city over Christmas weekend had ties to gangs, criminal histories or had been identified as potential offenders or victims.

埃迪·约翰逊(Eddie Johnson)是芝加哥市警察局长。他说,芝加哥市这个圣诞周末被枪杀的人之中,有90%的人与帮派、犯罪史有关,或者是被认定为潜在罪犯或受害者。

Johnson urged politicians to increase sentences for people found guilty of gun crimes.

约翰逊督促政治家提高对被判犯有枪支罪者的刑期。

"If you pick up a gun and shoot somebody, you should go to prison, period, that's the end of the story," he said.

他说,“如果你枪击了别人,你就该进监狱,就是这样,这就是结局。”

"Some people want to give them a pass for it. I don't," he added.

他补充说,“有人想要给他们这个进监狱的机会,我不想。”

Chicago is working to add police officers who more closely represent the ethnicity and races of city residents.

芝加哥市正在努力增加最能代表该市居民种族和民族的警务人员。

Rahm Emanuel is mayor of Chicago. He said, "Officers come together from different backgrounds, different cultures, and different faiths for a common cause: to serve and protect the people of the City of Chicago. And this whole city will be behind our officers, rooting for their success."

拉姆·伊曼纽尔(Rahm Emanuel)是芝加哥市的市长。他说,“来自不同的背景、文化和信仰的警务人员们都是为了一项共同的事业,那就是服务和保护芝加哥人民。我们整个城市都会站在警务人员身后为他们加油。”

Gary Slutkin is founder of a group called Cure Violence. His group has trained people to work in their communities to persuade people to choose non-violent ways of dealing with conflicts.

盖瑞·斯卢特金(Gary Slutkin)是一家名为治愈暴力的组织的创始人。该组织已经培训人们在自己的社区工作,说服人们以非暴力手段处理冲突。

Slutkin said the workers often knew when a young person was planning a violent act just by living nearby. Because they have credibility with their neighbors, they often have more influence than police, or even parents, he said.

斯卢特金表示,当周边年轻人计划暴力行为时这些员工往往都会知晓。因为他们在邻里中很有公信力,他们往往比警察、甚至是父母都更具影响力。

Often the "issue" with another young person was not that big a deal -- maybe someone spoke to his girlfriend or owes him money. His workers, Slutkin said, could persuade young people that their problem with another person was not worth a violent response.

通常年轻人与其他年轻人的问题并非什么大问题,可能是某人跟他女朋友说话了,或是欠他钱。斯卢特金表示,他的员工可以说服年轻人,他们与别人的矛盾并不值得付诸于暴力。

"Sometimes it is simply pointing out that if you go ahead and do it (shoot somebody), people are going to be looking for pay back against you or you might be spending 20 years or more in prison," Slutkin said.

斯卢特金说,“有时候只需要指出,你枪击别人,人们就会伺机报复你,或者你可能得在牢里呆上20年或更久。”

But he said a loss of government assistance has left all but one city neighborhood without the program this year. He believes the lost funding and higher shooting rates are related.

但他表示,今年(该组织)失去了政府支持,这使得只有一个城市社区没有遇到这类问题。他认为,失去资助和枪击率提高存在关联。

Slutkin is a professor of epidemiology at the University of Illinois' School of Public Health. He said his program uses policies developed by health experts to deal with disease. It works, he said, because violence can spread just like diseases such as AIDS or tuberculosis.

斯卢特金是伊利诺伊大学公共卫生学院的一位流行病学教授。他说,他的这个项目采用了卫生专家制定的用于解决疾病问题的政策。这种手段行之有效,因为暴力也会像艾滋病或结核病这类疾病一样传播。

His Cure Violence Program operates in 25 U.S. cities, as well as in other countries, such as South Africa, Honduras, Mexico, and prisons in Britain.

他的治疗暴力项目在25个美国城市,还有南非、洪都拉斯、墨西哥等国家,以及英国监狱中运作。

I'm Ashley Thompson.

阿什利·汤姆森报道。

Gun violence is an issue in Chicago, Illinois, America’s third largest city.

The Chicago Tribune reported that 61 people were shot in the city during the long Christmas holiday weekend. Eleven of those shot died, the newspaper said. The holiday weekend ended Monday night.

The Tribune said the attacks brought the total number of shootings for 2016 to more than 4,300. The number killed in shootings this year reached 770, it said.

In 2015, 2,989 people were shot and 492 were killed in gun violence.

Chicago is not the only city in the United States to report an increase in shootings and murders.

The Brennan Center for Justice is a non-profit research group with ties to New York University’s Law School. It reported last week that the murder rate for 2016 in America’s 30 largest cities is expected to be 14 percent higher than the rate last year.

The center blames the increase on fewer police officers working in some cities, as well as poverty and increased gang violence. But it said that two large cities -- Baltimore and Washington D.C. -- have fewer murders this year than in 2015.

Eddie Johnson is Chicago’s Police Superintendent. He said 90 percent of those killed in his city over Christmas weekend had ties to gangs, criminal histories or had been identified as potential offenders or victims.

Johnson urged politicians to increase sentences for people found guilty of gun crimes.

“If you pick up a gun and shoot somebody, you should go to prison, period, that’s the end of the story,” he said.

“Some people want to give them a pass for it. I don’t,” he added.

Chicago is working to add police officers who more closely represent the ethnicity and races of city residents.

Rahm Emanuel is mayor of Chicago. He said, “Officers come together from different backgrounds, different cultures, and different faiths for a common cause: to serve and protect the people of the City of Chicago. And this whole city will be behind our officers, rooting for their success.”

Gary Slutkin is founder of a group called Cure Violence. His group has trained people to work in their communities to persuade people to choose non-violent ways of dealing with conflicts.

Slutkin said the workers often knew when a young person was planning a violent act just by living nearby. Because they have credibility with their neighbors, they often have more influence than police, or even parents, he said.

Often the “issue” with another young person was not that big a deal -- maybe someone spoke to his girlfriend or owes him money. His workers, Slutkin said, could persuade young people that their problem with another person was not worth a violent response.

“Sometimes it is simply pointing out that if you go ahead and do it (shoot somebody), people are going to be looking for pay back against you or you might be spending 20 years or more in prison,” Slutkin said.

But he said a loss of government assistance has left all but one city neighborhood without the program this year. He believes the lost funding and higher shooting rates are related.

Slutkin is a professor of epidemiology at the University of Illinois’ School of Public Health. He said his program uses policies developed by health experts to deal with disease. It works, he said, because violence can spread just like diseases such as AIDS or tuberculosis.

His Cure Violence Program operates in 25 U.S. cities, as well as in other countries, such as South Africa, Honduras, Mexico, and prisons in Britain.

I’m Ashley Thompson.

_______________________________________________________

Words in This Story

gang - n. a group of criminals

potential - adj. capable of becoming real

pass - n. let people go on without penalty

faith - n. religious beliefs

root - v. to express or show support for someone

credibility - n. the quality of being believed or accepted as true, real, or honest

epidemiology - n. the study of how disease spreads and can be controlled


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