成功不是偶然的

成功不是偶然发生的。

A wealth of psychological research has found the people who achieve most in life take the same deliberate steps to make sure they reach their goals.

一项针对富人的心理学研究发现，大多数成功人士实现目标采用的步骤一致。

Sometimes it means minimising the value of will power; other times it means dusting yourself off after defeat.

有时候成功意味着你要低估意志力的价值;而其它时候成功则意味着失败以后，要整理好心情重新出发。

Here are some of the psychological strategies the most successful people adopt in their daily lives.

以下是一些成功人士在日常生活中采取的一些心理策略。

They maintain a 'growth mindset.'

他们保持着一种“成长心态”

In the 1960s, psychologist Carol Dweck came up with the idea for two different kinds of mindsets. She called them 'growth mindsets' and 'fixed mindsets.'

20世纪60年代，心理学家Carol Dweck提出了两种不同的心态。她称之为“成长心态”和“固定心态”。

Growth mindsets give people the ability to see themselves as capable of change -- notably, growth -- while fixed mindsets cause people to view themselves as fully realised, or unchanging.

成长心态给了人们看到自身才能改变的能力，即成长。而固定心态会导致人们以为自己已经完全发挥了自身实力，不再具备改变的可能。

Having a growth mindset leads to far higher achievement than having a fixed one, Dweck's research has found.

Dweck的研究发现，成长心态带给人们的成就比固定心态更高。

They have grit.

他们有决心

Psychologist Angela Duckworth has found time and again that the ability to recover after failure is one of the most common traits of successful people.

心理学家Angela Duckworth发现成功人士身上最普遍的特性在于，他们失败后调整心情再次努力的能力。

Duckworth calls this resilience 'grit,' and it's often the grittiest kids who get into the best schools, get the best jobs, and, incidentally, win the most spelling bees.

Duckworth称之为决心的恢复力，通常决心最强的孩子能够进入最好的学校，得到最好的工作，在拼写比赛中赢得的次数最多。

Some experts have even said grit is the single-most important trait to become successful.

有些专家甚至认为决心是成功最重要的特性。

They practice self-compassion.

他们自我同情

Emma Seppala, science director of Stanford's Center for Compassion and Altruism Research and Education, wrote in her recent book 'The Happiness Track' that successful people don't agonize over their shortcomings.

斯坦福大学同情与利他主义研究及教育中心的科研主任Emma Seppala在她的书《幸福追踪》中写道，成功人士不会受到其缺点的折磨。

In fact, they are nicer to themselves -- they display what Seppala calls 'self-compassion.'

事实上，他们对他们自己更加友好，他们展示着Seppala所谓的“自我同情”。

Self-compassion is a sign you recognise that you, too, are human. You make mistakes like everyone else. What matters in terms of your success is what you do next.

自我同情意味着你意识到你也是人类。你会像别人一样犯错。更重要的是你接下来要做的事。

They turn goals into systems.

他们会将目标变成体系。

Harvard psychologist Amy Cuddy says too many people focus on the moonshot goal instead of the steps needed to get there.

哈佛大学的心理学家Amy Cuddy表示太多人专注于遥不可及的目标，而不是实现目标需要采取的步骤。

Successful people focus on the process and often manage to enjoy it, Cuddy says, rather than zeroing in solely on the desired outcome.

成功人士专注于这一过程，并通常会享受它，而不是望着自己的目标叹气。

You might set the goal of running a marathon, for example, but research suggests it will only be through a steady running routine that you'll end up being successful.

比如你可能会设立一个跑马拉松的目标，但研究表明只有设定跑步常规活动你才能成功地跑马拉松。

They don't rely on willpower alone.

他们不只是依赖意志力。

In his recent book 'Irresistible,' NYU psychologist Adam Alter discusses the misconception that successful people tune out distractions just by ignoring them.

纽约州立大学的心理学家Adam Alter在他的新书《不可抵抗》中澄清了人们对成功人士的误解，以为他们对抗干扰的方法是忽视它们。

Everyone's phones are vibrating for their attention. But people can power through those disruptions by eliminating the temptation to check altogether, Alter says.

不论是谁，手机振动都会引起注意。可人们能够规定一个时间一次性看这些消息，消除它们带来的引诱。

That can mean installing site blockers or physically putting a device far away, out of both sight and mind.

那意味着屏蔽消息通知或者将手机放远一些，眼不见心不烦。