新编大学英语阅读(浙大版)01

[00:00.00]Physical Attractiveness [00:01.51]外表的吸引力 [00:03.02]1 What do you look for in a potential date? [00:04.64]你对将来的约会的对象有什么期盼？ [00:06.26]Sincerity?Good looks?Character?Conversational ability? [00:09.90]希望他（她）真诚？貌美？品德优良？有口才？ [00:13.54]Asked to rank such attributes,most intellectuals put physical attractiveness near the bottom of the list. [00:17.42]当要求为这些特征排序时，大多数知识分子几乎都把美貌排在最后。 [00:21.31]Of course. [00:22.05]当然， [00:22.79]Sophisticated,intelligent people are not greatly concerned with such superficial qualities as good looks; [00:26.91]成熟而有知识的人不会太在意美貌这类肤浅的东西。 [00:31.03]they know that"beauty is only skin deep." [00:32.92]他们知道“美貌不过是一层表面的东西。” [00:34.81]At least they know that's how they ought to feel. [00:36.63]他们至少明白这是他们应有的想法。 [00:38.45]As Cicero counseled,"The final good and the supreme duty of the wise man is to resist appearance." [00:43.06]正如西赛罗所忠告的：“智者最佳、最伟大的品质就是不受外表的影响。” [00:47.66]2 This intuition that looks matter little may be another instance of our denying real influences upon us, [00:51.75]这种认为美貌并不重要的直觉行为，也许是我们否认对我们有真正影响的事物的又一个例子， [00:55.84]for there is now a file drawer full of research studies indicating that appearance is a powerful determinant of initial attraction. [01:00.97]因为有满抽屉的研究卷宗表明，外表是最初是否引人注意的重要决定因素。 [01:06.10]The consistency and pervasiveness of this effect is startling,perhaps even disconcerting. [01:09.86]外表的这种作用始终存在、影响甚广，这实在令人惊讶，甚至烦恼不安。 [01:13.62]Good looks are a great asset. [01:15.37]漂亮的外表成了一笔巨大的财富。 [01:17.11]3 Like it or not,the fact is that a young woman's physical attractiveness is a moderately good predictor of how frequently she dates; [01:21.95]不管你喜欢与否，事实是，在一定程度上年轻女性外表的吸引力能预示她约会的频繁程度； [01:26.80]a young man's attractiveness,slightly less a predictor of how frequently he dates. [01:30.02]而年轻男性的情况则略微不那么明显。 [01:33.24]Does this simply imply,as many have surmised, [01:35.18]这是否就如很多人推测的那样， [01:37.13]that women are better at following Cicero's advice to "resist appearance"? [01:39.97]女人比男人能更好地听取西赛罗的忠告“不受外表的影响”呢？ [01:42.82]Or does it merely reflect the fact that men more often do the inviting? [01:45.66]或者说它仅仅反映了这样一个事实，男人往往更主动约会呢？ [01:48.50]If women were to indicate their preferences among various men, [01:51.02]如果让女人在不同的男人中选择所喜欢的人。 [01:53.54]4 Some researchers have addressed this question by providing men and women students [01:56.39]一些研究人员通过下面的试验探讨了这些问题：他们向男女学生提供 [01:59.23]with various pieces of information about someone of the other sex, [02:01.70]某个异性的各种情况。 [02:04.16]including a picture of the person,or by briefly introducing a man and a woman, [02:07.12]例如：出示该人的照片，或只是简单介绍一下对方的情况， [02:10.07]and later asking them how interested they would be in dating one another. [02:12.59]然后问他们是否有兴趣与之约会。 [02:15.11]In these experiments,women were virtually as much influenced by a man's looks as men where by a woman's. [02:19.10]实验表明，女性受外表的影响程序几乎与男性相当。 [02:23.10]5 Do the benefits of being good-looking spring entirely from one's being sexually attractive? [02:26.32]美貌带来的好处完全是处于性的魅力吗？ [02:29.54]Clearly not.young children are favorably biased toward attractive children much as adults are biased toward attractive adults. [02:34.67]显然不是。年幼的孩子也会偏爱漂亮的小伙伴，与成人偏爱成年的美貌者一样。 [02:39.80]When adults judge children they ae similarly biased. [02:41.98]同样，成人在评价小孩子时也存在同样的偏爱。 [02:44.16]Margaret Cifford and Elaine Hatfield showed Missouri fifth-grade teachers identical information about a boy or girl, [02:48.73]马格里特·克里夫德和依莱恩·哈特菲尔德曾经给密苏里州五年级的老师介绍一个孩子的情况，给的信息一模一样， [02:53.30]but with the photograph of an attractive or unattractive child attached. [02:56.20]但是所附的照片不同：一张漂亮孩子的照片，一张不漂亮孩子的照片。 [02:59.10]The teachers who judged an attractive child saw the child as more intelligent and more likely to do well in school. [03:03.56]那些评价漂亮孩子的老师认为该小孩子聪明，成为好学生的可能性更大。 [03:08.03]Or think of yourself as a playground supervisor having to discipline an unruly child. [03:11.02]你也可以把自己设想为运动场上的指导，必须磨练一个难以管教的孩子， [03:14.00]Might you be tempted to give more benefit of the doubt if the child is attactive? [03:16.72]但如果这个孩子长得很好，你是否会轻信他，以为他表现不错呢？ [03:19.44]6 What is more,beautiful people,even if of the same sex,are assumed also to possess certain desirable traits. [03:24.28]此外，即使外表漂亮的人与我们性别相同，我们也会认为他们具有某些可取之处。 [03:29.12]Other being equal,they are guessed to be happier,more intelligent,more sociable,more successful, [03:33.48]在其他条件相同的情况下，会认为他们更快乐，更聪明，更擅长交际，更成功， [03:37.84]and more competent. [03:38.77]也更能干。 [03:39.71]When in need,they receive more help. [03:41.26]遇到困难的时候，他们能得到更多的帮助。 [03:42.80]When good things happen(for example,a promotion), [03:44.93]当好事来临时（如升职）， [03:47.05]attractive people are perceived as more responsible for the outcome than are unattractive people; [03:50.72]漂亮的人被认为比不漂亮的人功劳更大； [03:54.40]when bad things happen,attractive people are seen as less responsible. [03:57.11]当事情搞遭时，漂亮的人的责任反而小了。 [03:59.83]To top it off, attractive people,more than unattractive people,are guessed to have personalities like one's own. [04:04.35]更有甚者，人们常常认为，与不漂亮的人相比，漂亮的人的性格与自己的更接近。 [04:08.87]Added together,the findings point to a physical-attractiveness stereotype; [04:11.77]总而言之，实验结果显示了一条对外表吸引力的固定看法， [04:14.66]What is beautiful is good. [04:16.21]美丽的总是好的。 [04:17.76]children are taught the stereotype quite early. [04:19.65]小孩子很早就受到了这种教育。 [04:21.54]Snow White and Cinderella are beautiful-and kind;the witch and the stepsisters are ugly-and wicked. [04:26.06]白雪公主和灰姑娘是美丽的，也是好人，巫婆和继母的女儿们是丑陋的，而且也是邪恶的。 [04:30.58]As one kindergarten girl put it when asked what it means to be pretty, [04:33.02]正如一个幼儿园小女孩在回答漂亮意味着什么时说的， [04:35.47]"It's like being a princess.Everybody loves you". [04:37.60]“漂亮的人就像公主，每个人都爱你。” [04:39.72]7 Howevr,we should not overstate the potency of the attractiveness stereotype. [04:42.56]然而，我们不应夸大这种成见的影响。 [04:45.41]To say that attractiveness is important,other things being equal,is not to say that physical appearance is always more important than other qualities,Attractiveness probably most affects first impressions; [04:53.02]我们说在其他条件一样的情况下，外表很重要，并不等于说他总是比其他的品质重要。外表可能主要影响第一印象。 [05:00.64]one's appearance is vivid,it draws immediate attention. [05:02.63]生机勃勃的外表，会马上引起他人的注意。 [05:04.63]As a relationship develops,appearance may diminish in importance. [05:06.95]但随着双方关系的发展，外表的重要性变得越来越小。 [05:09.28]nevertheless,first impressions are important,not only for one's prospects for datin [05:12.21]然而，第一印象是十分重要的，不仅对于约会的前景来讲 [05:15.14]but also for job interview [05:16.24]对求职面试也是一样的 [05:17.34]If first impressions are bad,there may never be a chance for second impressions. [05:19.86]如果第一影响很糟糕，或许就永远失去了有第二印象的机会。 [05:22.38]Indications are that attractiveness does figure strongly in hiring decisions. [05:24.90]有迹象表明，在决定是否雇用对方时，外表的确起到了重要的作用。 [05:27.42]Moreover,as society has seemingly become more mobile and urbanized-our contacts with doctors, [05:30.95]此外，由于社会流动性和城市化进程的加快，我们与医生、 [05:34.48]colleagues,and neighbors more fleeting-first impressions have probably become more important than ever before. [05:38.04]同事、邻居的接触更加短暂仓促，第一印象也比以往任何时候都显得重要。 [05:41.60]8 Is the physical-attractiveness stereotype accurate? [05:43.40]好的外表具有吸引力这种老套话是否标准？ [05:45.20]Or was Leo Tolstoy correct when he wrote that it's "a strange illusion...to suppose that beauty is goodness"? [05:48.84]或许是里奥·托尔斯泰的看法正确？他曾写过：“认为‘美就是优点’是一种奇怪的错觉……。” [05:52.48]There might well be a trace of truth to the stereotype. [05:54.15]也许老套话有一点道理。 [05:55.82]Children and young adults who are attractive tend to have higher self-esteem. [05:58.27]有吸引力的孩子或年轻人往往比别人更自尊。 [06:00.72]They are more assertive,though they are also believed to be more egotistical. [06:03.02]他们更有主张，尽管也让人觉得他们更以自我为中心。 [06:05.33]They are neither more nor less academically capable(contrary to the negative stereotype that "beauty times brains equals a constant"). [06:10.13]在学业方面，他们与常人无异（这与人们通常认为的“漂亮乘以智力等于一个常数”的说法相反。） [06:14.94]However,they are somewhat more socially polished. [06:16.65]然而，他们在社交上多多少少显得更有教养。 [06:18.36]9 Thus far,I have described attractiveness as if it were an objective quality like height, [06:21.35]至此，我一直将外表美描述成一种诸如身高一样的客观特征， [06:24.34]something some people have more of,some less. [06:25.94]有的人多些，有的人则少些。 [06:27.54]Actually,attactiveness is whatever the people of any given place and time find attractive. [06:30.65]其实，美是指人们在某一特定地点、特定时间，觉得可爱的东西。 [06:33.77]This,of course,varies. [06:34.78]当然，它不是一成不变的。 [06:35.78]And even in a given place and time,there is(fortunately) some disagreement about who's attractive and who's not. [06:39.78]甚至在某一特定地点、特定时间，人们对谁漂亮谁不漂亮的看法（幸好）也会不一致。 [06:43.78]Generally,though,"attractive"facial and bodily features do not deviate too drastically from the average. [06:47.52]一般来说，漂亮的面部和身体特征不会太大地偏离平均水平。 [06:51.26]Noses,legs,or statures that are not unusually large or small tend to be perceived as relatively attractive. [06:55.40]通常认为，大小、粗细适中的鼻子、腿、或者身材相对来说比较漂亮。 [06:59.54]10 We can conclude our discussion of attractiveness on a heart-warming note. [07:01.74]让我们用一些令人鼓舞的话来结束有关外表美的讨论。 [07:03.94]Not only do we perceive attractive people as likable,but we also perceive likable people as physically attractive. [07:07.75]在我们眼里，不仅认为俊美的人可爱，也认为可爱的人俊美。 [07:11.57]perhaps you can recall individuals who, [07:12.90]也许你能记起一些人， [07:14.23]as you grew to like them,became more attractive,their physical imperfections no longer so noticeable. [07:17.65]当你渐渐喜欢他们的时候，他们也变得更加吸引人，他们长相上的缺陷也不再那么明显了。 [07:21.07]For example,Alan gross and Christine Crofton had University of Missouri students view someone's photograp [07:24.89]例如，艾伦。格劳斯和克里斯廷。克劳顿让密苏立大学的学生看某个人的照片 [07:28.70]after reading a favorable or unfavorable description of the person's personalit [07:31.42]当他们阅读完有关某个人个性的正面描述或者反面描述 [07:34.14]Those perceived as good appeared more attractive. [07:35.80]那些被描述成好人的人显得更漂亮。 [07:37.45]Other researchers have found that the more in love a woman is with a man, [07:39.72]其他研究人员发现，一个女人越是爱一个男人， [07:41.99]the more physically attractive she finds him. [07:43.36]她就越觉得这个男从的外表更美丽。 [07:44.72]Apparently Plato was right:"The good is the beautiful." [07:47.01]显然柏拉图是对的：“好的就是美的。” [07:49.30]New Words [07:50.41]单词 [07:51.53]academically adv [07:53.08]学业上 [07:54.62]assertive adj [07:55.92]果断的，自信的，有冲劲的 [07:57.22]attractiveness n [07:58.46]魅力，吸引力 [07:59.70]consistency n [08:01.07]一贯性，前后一致 [08:02.44]conversational adj [08:03.86]善于辞令的，会话的 [08:05.28]determinant n [08:06.83]决定因素 [08:08.38]deviate v [08:09.62]偏离，背离 [08:10.86]disconcerting adj [08:12.34]令人不安的，令人烦恼的 [08:13.81]drastically adv [08:14.87]极端地，严厉地 [08:15.94]favorable adj [08:17.36]1）赞同的，称赞的 2）有利的，顺利的 [08:18.78]favorably adv [08:19.72]赞同地，有利地 [08:20.65]heart-warming adj [08:21.89]暖人心房的 [08:23.14]imperfection n [08:24.38]缺陷，缺点，不完美 [08:25.62]likable adj [08:26.92]可爱的，值得喜欢的 [08:28.21]moderately adv [08:29.27]适中地，有限地 [08:30.34]overstate v [08:31.63]言过其实，夸大 [08:32.93]pervasiveness n [08:34.04]遍布，普遍蔓延 [08:35.16]polished adj [08:36.40]有礼貌的，文雅的 [08:37.64]sexually adv [08:38.71]两性之间地 [08:39.77]sincerity n [08:40.96]真诚，诚挚，诚实 [08:42.14]startling adj [08:43.44]令人吃惊的，惊人的 [08:44.74]stature n [08:46.03]身高 [08:47.33]stepsister n [08:48.93]同父异母（或同母异父）的姐姐或妹妹 [08:50.53]surmise v [08:52.19]推测，猜测 [08:53.84]unfavorable adj [08:55.32]否定的，不利的 [08:56.80]unruly adj [08:57.98]不守规矩的，不受约束的 [08:59.17]urbanize v [09:00.47]使都市化 [09:01.76]wicked adj [09:02.83]坏的，邪恶的 [09:03.89]Dress for Success [09:05.17]装束与成功 [09:06.44]1 Since I had very early on discovered that the socioeconomic value of a man's clothing is important in determining his credibility with certain groups, [09:12.15]由于我早就发现了一个男从的装束，其社会经济价值决定了他在某一群体中的信誉， [09:17.86]his ability to attract certain kinds of women and his acceptance to the business community, [09:21.06]吸引某种女性的能力以及在商业界中被人接受的程度， [09:24.26]one of the first elements I undertook to research was the socioesconomic level of all items of clothing. [09:28.67]因此，我着手研究的首要元素之一就是各种款项服装的社会经济标准。 [09:33.08]2.Take the raincoat,for example. [09:34.69]以风雨衣为例。 [09:36.29]Most raincoats sold in this country are either beige or black; [09:39.08]本国出售的风衣大都是米色和黑色两种， [09:41.87]those are the two standard colors. [09:43.61]这是两种标准的颜色。 [09:45.36]Intuitively I felt that the beige raincoat was worn generally by the upper-middle class black by the lower-middle class. [09:50.44]凭直觉，我感到中上阶层人士大多穿米色风衣，而中下阶层的人则大多穿黑色风衣。 [09:55.51]3 First I visited several Fifth Avenue stores that cater almost exclusively to upper-middle-class customers [10:00.26]首先，我造访了位于第五大街几乎专门迎合中上阶层人士的口味的商店， [10:05.02]and attempted to ascertain the number of beige rain-coats versus black raincoats being sold. [10:09.10]并想方设法弄清正在销售的米色与黑色风衣数量。 [10:13.19]The statistical breakdown was approximately four to one in favor of beige. [10:16.50]从统计分析来看，大约为四比一，米色风衣占优势。 [10:19.81]I then checked stores on the lower-middle-class level and found that almost the reverse statistic applied. [10:24.11]然后我核实了中下阶层水平的商店，发现适用的数据正好相反。 [10:28.42]They sold four black raincoats to each beige raincoat. [10:31.35]他们售出的风衣中，每四件黑色风衣才有一件米色风衣。 [10:34.28]4 This indicated that in all probability my feeling was correct, [10:37.02]这表明我的感觉十有八九是对的， [10:39.76]but recognizing that there were many variables that could discredit such preliminary research, [10:42.74]但是我认为到有许多不定因素会令人对这个初步的研究产生怀疑， [10:45.73]I set the second stage in motion. [10:47.75]于是又开始实施第二阶段的计划。 [10:49.76]On rainy days,I hired responsible college students to stand outside subway station [10:53.60]在雨天，我雇了有责任心的大学生站在地铁站的外面 [10:57.43]in determinable lower-middle-class neighborhoods and outside determinable upper-middle-class suburban commuter-station [11:02.51]中下阶层社区的地铁站在市区，而中上层的在郊外 [11:07.58]all in the New York are [11:09.06]纽约的所有地区都站有学生 [11:10.54]The students merely counted the number of black and beige raincoats. [11:13.47]这些学生只是数数色和米色风衣的数量。 [11:16.40]My statistics held up at approximately four to one in either case,and I could now say that in the New York area, [11:21.34]我的统计数字在两种情形中都是大约四比一，现在我可以说在纽约， [11:26.27]the upper-middle class generally wore beige raincoats and the lower-middle class generally wore black ones. [11:30.30]中上层人士大多穿米色风衣，中下层人士大多穿黑色风衣。 [11:34.33]5 My next step was to take a rainy-day count in the two different socioeconomic areas in Chicag [11:38.47]我的下一步是在下列地区两个不同的经济区作一次雨中计数：芝加哥 [11:42.61]Los Angeles,Dallas,Atlanta and six equally widespread small town [11:47.06]洛杉咭，达拉斯和亚特兰大以及六个同样分散的小城镇 [11:51.50]The research again held up; [11:52.93]这次调查再次证明了我的看法。 [11:54.35]statistics came from the cities at about four to one and from the small towns at about two-and-a-half to three to one. [12:00.07]来自城市的统计数字是四比一，来自小城镇的数据是二点五到三比一。 [12:05.80](The statistics were not quite that clear-cut,but averaged out into those ranges.) [12:09.09]统计数据并非如此分明，但平均都在这些范围之内。 [12:12.38]6 From these statistics I was able to state that in the United States,the beige raincoa [12:15.62]根据这些数据我可以声明，在美国，米色风 [12:18.86]is generally worn by members of the upper-middle class and the black raincoat generally worn by members of the lower-middle clas [12:23.42]主要是中上层人士穿，黑色风衣主要是中下层人士穿 [12:27.97]from this,I was able to hypothesize that since these raincoats were an intrinsic part of the American environment, [12:32.85]由此我可以假定，既然这些风雨衣已是美国环境中固有的一部分， [12:37.73]they had in all probability conditioned people by their predominance in certain classes, [12:41.09]它们在某些阶层中在数量上的优势很可能使人们形成条件反射， [12:44.46]and automatic reactions could be expected. [12:46.37]不假思索地做出反应，这一点是可以料想到的。 [12:48.28]7 In short,when someone met a man in a beige raincoat,he was likely to think of him as a member of the upper-middle class, [12:52.72]简而言之，当某个人遇到一个穿米色风雨衣的男人，他可能把它看成是上等阶层的一员； [12:57.17]and when he met a man in a black raincoat, [12:59.13]当遇到一个穿黑色风雨衣的人， [13:01.09]he was likely to think of him as a member of the lower-middle class. [13:03.36]他就可能把他看成是中下阶层的一分子。 [13:05.63]I then had to see if my hypothesis would hold up under testing. [13:08.56]然后，我得弄清我的假设能否经得住考验。 [13:11.50]8 My first test was conducted with 1362 people-a cross section of the general public. [13:16.07]我的第一次测试是在１３６２人中进行的——他们在广大群众中具有代表性。 [13:20.64]They were given an "extrasensory perception"test in which they were asked [13:23.63]他们接受了超感知觉测试， [13:26.62]to guess the answers to a number of problems to which the solutions(they were told)could only be known through ESP. [13:30.88]在测试中要求他们猜测问题的答案，而且告诉他们这些问题的答案只能凭超感知觉得到。 [13:35.15]The percentage of correct answers would indicate their ESP quotien [13:38.26]正确率的高低能反映一个人超感觉的知觉额的高低 [13:41.38]naturally,a participant in this type of test attempts to get the right answer every time and has no reason to li [13:45.59]很自然，这些测试的参加者每次都试图得到正确的答案，他们没有理由撒谎 [13:49.80]since he wants to score high. [13:51.17]因为他想得到高分。 [13:52.54]9 In this test,among a group of other problems and questions,I inserted a set of almost identical"twin pictures." [13:57.16]在这次测试中，在一组其他问题当中，我插入了一套几乎一模一样的照片。 [14:01.79]There was only one variable. [14:02.98]只有一个变量。 [14:04.16]The twin pictures showed the same man in the same pose dressed in the same suit,the same shirt, [14:08.48]这些一模一样的照片中都是同一个人，站在同一地点，穿着同样的西服、衬衫， [14:12.80]the same tie ,the same shoes. [14:14.71]打着同样的领带，脚穿同样的皮鞋。 [14:16.62]The only difference was the raincoat-one black,one beige. [14:19.86]唯一不同的是风雨衣——一件米色，一件黑色。 [14:23.10]Participants were told that the pictures were of twin brothers,and were asked to identify the more prestigious of the two. [14:28.21]参加者被知照片中是一对孪生兄弟，而且要求认出两人中谁更有名望。 [14:33.32]Over 87 percent,or 1,118 people ,chose the man in the beige raincoat. [14:37.46]超过８７％的人，即１，１１８的人选的是穿米色风雨衣的人。 [14:41.60]10 I next ran a field test. [14:42.72]我又作了一次实地验证。 [14:43.84]Two friends and I wore beige raincoats for one month,then switched to black raincoats the following month. [14:47.98]我和两个朋友穿一个月的米色风雨衣，然后在下一个月穿黑色风雨衣， [14:52.12]We attempted to duplicate our other clothing during both months. [14:54.38]在这两个月期间，其他的衣服我们尽量穿得一样。 [14:56.65]At the end of each month,we recorded the general attitude of people toward us--waiter [15:00.07]在每个月末我们记录下人们对我们的态度--侍者 [15:03.49]store clerks,business associates,et [15:05.83]商店售货员，商业助理等 [15:08.17]All three of us agreed that the beige raincoat created a distinctly better impression upon the people we met. [15:12.31]我们三人都一致认为米色风雨衣明显能给遇到我们的人产生更好的印象。 [15:16.45]11 Finally,I conducted one additional experiment along.Picking a group of business offices at random, [15:20.90]最后，我独自又作了一个实验。我任意挑了一组公司办公室， [15:25.34]I went into each office with a Wall Street Journal in a brown envelope and asked [15:28.33]我拿这用褐色信封装好的华尔街日报到每一个办公室，请 [15:31.32]the receptionist or secretary to allow me to deliver it personally to the man in charge. [15:34.87]接待员或秘书让我进去亲自把它交给主管。 [15:38.41]When wearing a black raincoat,it took me a day and a half to deliver twenty-five papers. [15:41.96]当我穿这黑风衣时，我花了一天半的时间投递了二十五分。 [15:45.50]In a beige raincoat,I was able to deliver the same number in a single morning. [15:49.05]穿这米色风衣，我花一个上午就能做到了。 [15:52.60]12 The impression transmitted to receptionists and secretaries by my black raincoat and a nondescript sui [15:58.01]给接待员和秘书的印象是穿着黑色雨衣、普通西 [16:03.43]shirt and tie clearly was that I was a glorified delivery boy,and so I had to wait or was never admitte [16:07.95]衬衣和领带的我是一个穿得漂亮一点的报纸投递员，所以我得等待或不让进入 [16:12.47]But their opinion of me was substantially altered by the beige raincoat worn with the same other clothes. [16:16.68]但他们对我的印象在我穿着米色风雨衣和其他同样服装时发生了根本的转变。 [16:20.89]They thought I might be an associate or friend of the boss because that is what I implied, [16:24.13]他们以为我可能是老板的助手或者朋友，因为这正是我所暗示的， [16:27.37]and they had better let me in. [16:28.31]还是最好让我进去。 [16:29.24]In short,they reacted to years of preconditioning and accepted the beige raincoat as a symbol of authority and status [16:33.82]总之，他们根据多年来所形成的看法做出了反应，认为米色风雨衣是权威和身份的象征， [16:38.39]while they rejected the black raincoat as such. [16:40.17]而黑色风雨衣却不是。 [16:41.95]13 The experiment will give you an idea of why I have spent so many years and so much money in determining what constitutes [16:46.09]这个实验让你明白，为什么我花了这么多年的时间和这么多钱来确定是什么构成了 [16:50.23]upper-middle-class dress. [16:51.53]中上层社会的衣着服装。 [16:52.82]It is obvious from the experiment that secretaries and receptionists,who generally were not members of the upper-middle-class, [16:57.40]从实验中可以看到大多不属于中上层社会的秘书和接待员， [17:01.97]did in fact recognize upper-middle-class clothing,if not consciously then at least subconsciously, [17:06.23]的确能够认为中上层人士的装束，即使不是有意也是无意中 [17:10.50]and they did react to it. [17:11.87]对他做出反应。 [17:13.24]Their reactions indicate that dress is neither trivial nor frivolous,but an essential element in helping a man to function [17:18.20]他们的反应表明衣服服饰即非微不足道也非毫无意义，而是帮助一个人， [17:23.17]in the business world with maximum effectiveness. [17:25.21]在商场上游刃有余的基本因素。 [17:27.24]14 But does everyone react as the secretaries did? [17:29.27]但是，是否每个人都会做出和秘书相同的反应呢？ [17:31.31]15 For years,some companies have been attempting to increase the effciency of employees by prescribing dress and establishing dress codes. [17:36.73]多年以来，一些公司一直努力通过规定着装和建立着衣准则来提高效率。 [17:42.14]Most of these schemes have proved ineffective because they have been created by amateurs who don't undrestand the effec [17:46.46]大多数的措施无效，因为他们是由外行设计的。这些外行不懂得影 [17:50.78]clothing has on the work environmen [17:52.51]--着装对工作环境的影响 [17:54.24]Dress codes can work,but the assumption that clothing has a major, [17:57.30]着衣准则确实有效，服装对着装者有主要的， [18:00.36]continuing impact on the wearer is erroneous. [18:02.39]持续性影响的假设是错误的。 [18:04.43]True,you may feel shabby when you wear shabby clothes, [18:07.18]确实，当你穿着邋遢，你就会感到形容猥琐； [18:09.94]and your morale may perk up a bit when you splurge on an expensive tie. [18:13.84]而你潇洒地买下一条昂贵的领带，你就会感到精神振奋。 [18:17.75]But clothing most significantly affects the people whom the wearer meets and,in the long run, [18:21.71]但是服装只对穿着者遇到的人产生重要的影响。从长远看， [18:25.67]affects the wearer only indirectly because it controls the reaction of the world to him. [18:29.32]它对穿着者的影响是间接的，因为它控制了世界对他的反应。 [18:32.98]My research shows that in most business situations the wearer is not directly affected by his clothing, [18:37.37]我的研究显示，在多数生意场合，穿着者并非受到其服装的影响， [18:41.76]and that the effect of clothing on other people is mainly controlled by the socioeconomic level of the clothing. [18:45.97]而服装对他人的影响也视其经济水平而定。 [18:50.18]16 Let me say it straight out:We all wear uniforms and our uniforms are clear and distinct signs of class. [18:55.17]让我直截了当地说：我们都穿这制服，我们的制服清楚的表明我们所属的阶层。 [19:00.16]We react to them accordingly. [19:02.19]我们对其做出相应的反应。 [19:04.22]In almost any situation where two men meet,one man's clothing is saying to the other man:" [19:08.36]几乎每次当两人相遇时，一人的服装会对另一个人说： [19:12.50]I am more important than you are,please show respect"; [19:14.95]“我比你更重要，请表示尊重”； [19:17.40]or"I am your equal and expect to be treated as such";or"I am not your equal and I do not expect to be treated as such." [19:23.54]或者“我和你是平等的，希望能平等相待”或者“我和你不是平等的，不奢望能得到平等对待。” [19:29.68]New Words [19:30.92]单词 [19:32.16]amateur n [19:33.46]1）外行，粗通某一行的人 2）业余爱好者，业余运动员 [19:34.75]ascertain v [19:35.87]查明，弄清，确定 [19:36.98]beige n & adj [19:37.97]1）米黄色 2）米黄色的 [19:38.96]determinable adj [19:40.03]可确定的，可测定的 [19:41.09]discredit v [19:42.28]使不相信，使怀疑 [19:43.46]distinctly adv [19:44.58]清楚地，显然 [19:45.70]duplicate v [19:47.06]1）重复 2）复制，复印 [19:48.43]erroneous adj [19:49.73]错误的，不正确的 [19:51.02]extrasensory adj [19:52.14]超感官的 [19:53.26]extrasensory perception [19:54.98]超感知觉 [19:56.71]frivolous adj [19:57.83]不重要的，无意义的 [19:58.94]glorify v [20:00.37]使显得更重要，美化 [20:01.79]hypothesis n [20:03.26]假设，假说 [20:04.74]hypothesize v [20:06.22]假设，假定，猜测 [20:07.69]ineffective adj [20:08.57]无效的，效率低的 [20:09.46]intrinsic adj [20:10.52]固有的，内存的，本质的 [20:11.58]intuitively adv [20:13.13]直觉地 [20:14.68]neighborhood n [20:16.10]1）邻近地区，附近 2）四邻，街坊 [20:17.52]nondescript adj [20:18.82]平凡无奇的，无明显特征的 [20:20.11]perk v [20:21.48]振作，活跃起来 [20:22.85]precondition v [20:24.14]预先影响或处理，使先有准备 [20:25.44]predominance n [20:26.56]（力量，数量等的）优势 [20:27.67]preliminary adj [20:28.86]初步的，预备的 [20:30.05]receptionist n [20:31.29]接待员 [20:32.53]shabby adj [20:33.90]1）不体面的，衣衫褴褛的 2）破旧的 [20:35.27]splurge v [20:36.82]挥霍，乱花 [20:38.36]statistic n [20:39.79]统计数值，统计资料 [20:41.21]statistics n [20:42.81]统计学 [20:44.41]statistical adj [20:45.83]统计（上）的，统计学（上）的 [20:47.26]subconsciously adv [20:48.55]下意识地，潜意识地 [20:49.85]suburban adj [20:50.96]城郊的，在郊区的 [20:52.08]versus prep [20:53.32]1）与……相比之下，与……相对 2）（比赛等中）以……为对手，对…… [20:54.56]Neat people versus Sloppy people [20:56.71]整洁的人和邋遢的人 [20:58.85]1 I've finally figured out the difference between neat people and sloppy people. [21:02.27]我终于发现了整洁的人和邋遢的人的不同。 [21:05.69]The distinction is ,as always,moral. [21:07.96]其区别在于品行。 [21:10.22]Neat people are lazier and meaner than sloppy people. [21:13.21]整洁的人比邋遢的人懒得多。 [21:16.20]2 Sloppy people,you see,are not really sloppy.Their sloppiness is merely the unfortunate consequence of their extreme moral sense. [21:22.77]你知道，邋遢的人并不是真正的邋遢。他们的懒散仅仅是他们极端的品行的不幸结果。 [21:29.34]Sloppy people carry in their mind's eye a heavenly vision,a precise plan,that is so great, [21:34.45]邋遢的人有关美好的幻想，那是一个如此伟大精美的计划， [21:39.56]it can't be achieved in this world or the next. [21:41.83]以至在今生和来世都不会实现。 [21:44.10]3 Sloppy people live in Never-Never Land. [21:46.01]邋遢的人生活在不真实的理想世界里。 [21:47.92]Someday is their profession. [21:49.57]幻想某一天就象是他们的职业。 [21:51.23]Someday they are planning to alphabetize all their books and set up home catalogs. [21:55.50]他们打算某一天把所有的书都按字母顺序排列好，列出一个家庭图书目录。 [21:59.76]Someday they will go through their wardrobes and mark certain items for tentative mending [22:03.90]某一天他们将把所有的衣橱都整理一遍，记下哪些衣服有可能需要缝缝补补， [22:08.04]and certain items for passing on to relatives of similar shape and size. [22:11.70]哪些衣服送给身材大小相同的亲戚。 [22:15.35]Someday sloppy people will make family scrapbooks into which they will put newspaper clipping [22:19.74]某一天邋遢的人将做几个剪贴薄，放入简报 [22:24.13]postcards,locks of hair,and the dried corsage form their senior pro [22:28.09]明星片，留作纪念的头发和高中毕业班会上得到的已经干枯的花束 [22:32.05]Someday they will file everything on the surface of their desks,including the cash receipts from coffee purchases at the snack shop. [22:37.53]某一天他们把桌子上堆放的所有东西都分类归档，包括快餐店的咖啡收据在内。 [22:43.00]Someday they will sit down and read all the back issues of The New Yorker. [22:46.62]某一天他们将坐下来阅读所有过期的《纽约人》杂志。 [22:50.23]4 For all these noble reasons and more,sloppy people never get neat. [22:53.65]因为所有这些高贵之处，邋遢的人从来就没有整洁过。 [22:57.07]They aim too high and wide. [22:58.93]他们的目标又高又远。 [23:00.78]They save everything,planning someday to file,order,and straighten out the world. [23:05.17]他们保留每一件物品，计划着某一天将把所有的东西都归档整理好，让一切井井有条。 [23:09.57]But while these ambitious plans take clearer and clearer shape in their heads, [23:13.11]但是一旦这些雄心勃勃的计划在他们的脑海里越来越清晰的时候， [23:16.66]the books spill from the shelves onto the floor,the clothes pile up in the laundry basket and closet, [23:21.28]那些书就会堆得从书架上掉下来，衣服会堆满了篮子和柜子， [23:25.91]the family mementos accumulate in every drawer,the surface of the desk is buried under mounds of paper and the unread magazines threaten to reach the ceiling. [23:34.42]家庭纪念品塞满了每一个抽屉，书桌也被推到屋顶的文件和没读过的杂志淹没。 [23:42.94]5 Sloppy people can't bear to part with anything. [23:45.57]邋遢的人不能忍受放弃任何东西。 [23:48.19]They give loving attention to every detail. [23:50.46]他们专注于每一个细节， [23:52.73]When sloppy people say they're going to tackle the surface of the desk,they really mean it. [23:56.46]一旦他们说要清理好书桌，他们就会认认真真地干起来。 [24:00.18]Not a paper will go unturned;not a rubber band will go unboxed. [24:03.66]那么每一张纸都会按顺序排好，每个橡皮擦都会放在盒子里。 [24:07.13]Four hours or two weeks into the excavation,the desk looks exactly the same, [24:11.04]在挖掘理整的四个小时或两个星期里，桌子看起来还是和原来一样。 [24:14.94]primarily because the sloppy person is carefully creating new piles of papers with new headings [24:19.15]这主要是因为邋遢的人正在认真地用新的题目将所有文件整理归档， [24:23.36]and routinely stopping to read all the old book catalogs before he throws them away. [24:26.96]并且习惯的停下来读那些旧书目录，然后再把书扔掉。 [24:30.56]A neat person would just clear off the desk. [24:32.89]而一个爱整洁的人呢，一下子就把桌子收拾得干干净净。 [24:35.21]6 Neat people are not good at heart. [24:37.21]整洁的人实际上并不优秀。 [24:39.20]They have cavalier attitudes toward possessions,including family heirlooms. [24:42.50]他们对于自己的财产乃至祖传之宝都怀有一种侠义的心态。 [24:45.79]Everything is just another dust-catcher to them. [24:48.01]任何东西对他们来说都是可沾灰积尘的东西。 [24:50.22]If anything collects dust,it's got to go and that's that. [24:52.97]任何东西，如果上面会积灰尘，就得滚开，没什么可说的。 [24:55.73]neat people will toy with the idea of throwing the children out of the house just to cut down on the clutter. [24:59.58]为了除掉不干净的东西，爱整洁的人甚至会起把孩子扔出屋外的念头。 [25:03.43]7 Neat people don't care about process. [25:05.34]爱整洁的人并不在乎过程， [25:07.25]They like results. [25:08.44]他们喜欢结果。 [25:09.63]What they want to do is get the whole thing over with so they can sit down and watch TV. [25:13.28]他们想的就是把不愉快但不得不做的事一劳永逸地做完，然后他们就可以坐下来看电视。 [25:16.93]Neat people operate on two unvarying principles:never handle any item twice,and throw everything away. [25:22.12]整洁的认识中遵守两条不便的法则：永远不两次处理任何东西，扔掉所有的东西。 [25:27.30]8 The only thing messy in a neat person's house is the trash can. [25:30.11]整洁的人家里唯一杂乱的东西就是垃圾桶。 [25:32.92]The minute something comes to a near person's hand,he will look at it, [25:35.54]某样东西一到了整洁人手上，他就会审视它， [25:38.17]try to decide if it has immediate use and,finding none,throw it in the trash. [25:42.02]试图决定它是否能立刻派上用场，发现没有就立即扔进垃圾桶。 [25:45.88]9 Neat people are especially vicious with mail. [25:48.32]爱整洁的人对信件特别反感。 [25:50.77]They never go through their mail unless they are standing directly over a trash can. [25:54.14]他们把信一读完就扔掉，有时根本没读就扔了。 [25:57.51]If the trash can is beside the mailbox,even better. [26:00.08]如果垃圾箱就放在邮筒边，那就更好不过了。 [26:02.65]All ads,catalogs,pleas for charitable contributions, [26:05.35]所有的广告、目录、慈善捐款恳求信， [26:08.05]church bulletins and money-saving coupons go straight into the trash can without being opened. [26:12.32]教堂公告、优惠赠券往往看都没看就统统扔进了垃圾箱。 [26:16.58]All letters from home,postcards from Europe,bills and paychecks are opened,immediately responded to, [26:21.59]所有的家信，从欧洲寄来的明信片，账单和支付薪水的支票会被打开，立即回复， [26:26.59]then dropped in the trash can. [26:28.25]然后扔进垃圾箱。 [26:29.91]Neat people keep their receipts only for tax purposes. [26:32.35]整洁的人只是为了交税才保留收据。 [26:34.80]That's it. [26:35.56]问题就在这里。 [26:36.31]No sentimental salvaging of birthday cards or the last letter a dying relative ever wrote. [26:40.16]他们不会挽留生日贺卡以及垂危的亲人写的最后一封信。 [26:44.02]Into the trash it goes. [26:45.74]把它们统统扔进垃圾箱。 [26:47.47]10 Neat people place neatness above everything even economics.They are incredibly wasteful. [26:52.17]爱整洁的人视整洁高于一切，甚至金钱。他们非常浪费。 [26:56.87]Neat people throw away several toys every time they walk through the den. [27:00.29]整洁的人每次经过私室时都会扔掉几件玩具。 [27:03.71]I knew a neat person once who threw away a perfectly good dish drainer because it had mold on it. [27:07.87]我认为一个爱整洁的人，把一个好端端的碗器具扔掉就因为上面长了霉。 [27:12.03]The drainer was too much trouble to wash. [27:14.17]碗器具洗起来太费劲了。 [27:16.31]And neat people sell their furniture when they move. [27:19.12]而且整洁的人每次搬家都会卖掉所有的家具。 [27:21.93]11 Neat people are no good to borrow from. [27:23.89]人们不太好向整洁的人借东西。 [27:25.85]Neat people buy everything in expensive little single portions. [27:29.21]爱整洁的人无论买什么东西都买昂贵的小包装。 [27:32.58]They get their flour and sugar in two-pound bags. [27:35.39]他们用两磅的袋子来装面粉和糖。 [27:38.20]They wouldn't consider clipping a coupon,saving a leftover,reusing plastic containers or rinsing off tin foi [27:43.62]他们从没想过剪下优惠券，节省一餐剩饭，再次使用朔料容器，或洗净用过的锡箔 [27:49.03]and draping it over the dish draine [27:50.64]晾在干碗器上 [27:52.24]you can never borrow a neat person's newspaper to see what's playing at the movies. [27:55.71]你甭想向整洁的人借张报纸看看正在放映什么电影。 [27:59.19]Neat people have the paper all wadded up and in the trash by 7:05 A.M. [28:03.58]爱整洁的人到了早上７：０５就把报纸卷起来扔进了垃圾箱。 [28:07.97]12 Neat people remove everything that is in their way. [28:10.24]爱整洁的人用他们自己的方式来摆脱任何一样东西。 [28:12.51]People,animals,and things are all one to them. [28:15.44]人、动物和物品对他们来说都一样。 [28:18.37]They are so insensitive. [28:19.56]他们太麻木了。 [28:20.75]After they've finished with the pantry,the medicine cabinet,and the attic, [28:23.86]当他们整理晚餐具室、药品橱柜和小阁楼之后， [28:26.98]they will throw out the red geranium (too many leaves),sell the dog(too many fleas), [28:30.88]他们就会扔掉红色的天竺葵（因为叶子太多了），卖掉狗（因为跳蚤太多了）， [28:34.79]and send the children off to boarding school (too many footprints on the hardwood floors.) [28:38.52]然后把孩子们送到寄宿学校去（因为木地板上的脚印太多了）。 [28:42.24]New Words [28:43.12]单词 [28:44.01]alphabetize v [28:45.61]依字母顺序排列 [28:47.21]band n [28:48.45]1）带，带形物 2）乐队 [28:49.69]boarding n [28:50.68]寄宿学校 [28:51.67]bulletin n [28:52.48]1）小报，会刊 2）简明新闻，新闻快报 [28:53.29]catalog n [28:54.41]目录（册），一览表 [28:55.53]cavalier adj [28:56.46]满不在乎的，轻蔑的 [28:57.40]charitable adj [28:58.51]仁慈的，慷慨的，慈悲为怀的 [28:59.63]clipping n [29:00.44]剪报 [29:01.25]closet n [29:02.06]壁橱，橱柜 [29:02.87]corsage n [29:04.24]（佩带的）装饰花束 [29:05.61]coupon n [29:06.90]优惠券，礼券 [29:08.20]den n [29:09.44]舒适的房间、私室或书斋 [29:10.68]drainer n [29:11.92]滴水用具，滤干器 [29:13.17]excavation n [29:14.35]挖掘或发掘现场 [29:15.54]flea n [29:16.66]跳蚤 [29:17.77]foil n [29:18.89]箔，金属薄片 [29:20.01]geranium n [29:21.25]天竺葵 [29:22.49]hardwood n & adj [29:23.25]硬木（的） [29:24.00]heading n [29:25.06]标题 [29:26.13]heirloom n [29:27.31]传家宝 [29:28.50]memento n [29:29.94]纪念品 [29:31.38]messy adj [29:32.26]零乱的，杂乱的，肮脏的 [29:33.15]plea n [29:34.08]恳求，请求 [29:35.02]profession n [29:36.08]职业，专业工作 [29:37.14]reuse v [29:38.33]再使用 [29:39.52]rinse v [29:40.81]冲洗 [29:42.11]salvage v [29:43.10]挽救，抢救 [29:44.09]sloppiness n [29:45.33]凌乱，马虎 [29:46.57]unvarying adj [29:47.82]经久不变的，从无变化的 [29:49.06]wad v [29:50.12]使……成一团 [29:51.18]wardrobe n [29:52.37]衣橱 [29:53.56]Turning Boys into Gir [29:55.07]男士和女士一样平 [29:56.58]1 I love Men's Health magazine.There! [29:58.85]我爱《男性健康》这本杂志。你瞧！ [30:01.12]I've told you and I am not ashamed. [30:02.59]我已经告诉了你我并不感到害羞。 [30:04.07]My affection for Men's health is driven by pure gender politics--by the realization that this magazine, [30:08.39]我喜欢《男性健康》纯粹是出于性别方面的见解——出于认识到在这本杂志， [30:12.71]and a handful of others like it, [30:13.90]以及少数其他类似的杂志中， [30:15.09]are evening things out in a way that Ms. [30:16.80]能够得到梦想得到的东西，以前只有女士 [30:18.51]can only dream o [30:19.69]能够得到 [30:20.88]With page after page of bulging biceps and masculine jaws,robust hairlines and silken skin,Men's Health is advertising a standard of male beauty. [30:28.41]《男性健康》一页又一页地展示着强健的二头肌、富有阳刚之气的下巴、充满活力的发迹线和柔软光滑的肌肤，它所宣扬的男性标准， [30:35.93]as stereotyped and unrealistic as the female version sold by those large-eyed, very young girls seen on the covers of Glamour and Elle. [30:41.91]就像《魅力》和《世界时装之苑》封面上那些大眼睛妙龄女郎所兜售的女性标准一样，即模式化又脱离现实。 [30:47.88]And with a variety of helpful features on "Foods That Fight Fat,""Banish Your Potbelly," [30:51.81]还有各种各样有帮助的特别栏目像“可减去脂肪的食品”、“摆脱将军肚”。 [30:55.73]and "Save Your Hair(Before It's Too Late),"Men's Health is well on its way to making the male species as insan [31:00.77]和“拯救你的头发（趁现在还不太晚）”。《男性健康》正在使男性对自己的外表变得疯狂 [31:05.81]insecure,and irrational about physical appearance as does any women's magazine. [31:09.27]不安和失去理智，象女性杂志一样 [31:12.72]2 The days when men scrubbed their faces with regular soap and viewed gray hair and wrinkles as a badge of honor are fading. [31:18.16]男人用普通香皂洗脸并且把灰头发和皱纹视为荣誉象征的时代已渐渐逝去了。 [31:23.59]Last year,international market analyst Euromonitor placed the U.S.men's toiletries market-hair colo [31:29.26]去年，国际市场分析家估算了一下，在美国男性化妆品市场，诸如染发膏 [31:34.93]skin moisturizer,tooth whiteners,et [31:36.64]润肤霜，洁牙粉之类 [31:38.35]--at $ 3.5 billio [31:40.30]--消费约达35亿美元 [31:42.24]According to a survey conducted by researchers for Men's Health in November 1996,approximately 20 percent [31:46.99]据１９９６年１１月为《男性健康》所作的一项调查显示，大约２０％ [31:51.75]of American men get manicures or pedicures, [31:53.74]的美国男性修过指甲或接受过足疗， [31:55.74]18 percent use skin treatments such as masks or mud packs,and 10 percent enjoy professional facials. [32:00.94]１８％的人做过面膜或面部泥敷，１０％的人享受过面部美容。 [32:06.15]That same month,Psychology Today reported that a poll showed that"6 percent of men nationwide actually use traditionally female products to create the illusion of a youthful appearance." [32:14.37]同月，《今日心理学》杂志报道的一项民意调查表明，全国有６％的男性确实使用过传统的女性产品去营造一种年轻的幻觉。 [32:22.60]3 What men are putting on their bodies,however,is nothing compared with what they're doing to their bodies:While in the 1980s only an estimated one in 10 plastic surgery patients were men, [32:31.00]但是，男性在他们身上涂抹些什么已经无法与他们在自己身上干了些什么相比了：在八十年代，估计仅有十分之一的男性做过整容， [32:39.41]as of 1996,that ratio had shrunk to one in five. [32:42.40]到了１９９６年，比例达到了五分之一。 [32:45.39]The American Academy of Cosmetic Surgery estimates that nationwide more than 690,000 men had cosmetic procedures performed in 1996 [32:52.28]美国整容学会估计在１９９６年全国有将近６９０，０００的男性做过整容， [32:59.17]the most recent year for which figures are available. [33:01.17]这是在近几年中数量最大的。 [33:03.17]4 Granted,Men's Health and its journalistic cousins(Men's journal,Details,etc [33:07.27]不错，《男性健康》和其它同类杂志（如《男士杂志》、《细节》等 [33:11.38]cannot take all the credit for this breakthrough in gender levelin [33:13.79]不能把在男女平等方面取得的突破的功劳全部据为己有 [33:16.20]The fashion and glamour industries have perfected the art of creating consumer"needs", [33:19.78]创造时尚和魅力的产业已经是创造消费者“需求”的艺术趋于完美， [33:23.37]and with the women's market pretty much saturated, [33:25.26]而且，随着女性市场的日趋饱和， [33:27.15]men have become the obvious target by manufacturers and sellers of everything from masculine cosmetics to special clothing. [33:32.11]男性已成为从男性化妆品到男性服装生产商和销售商青睐的目标。 [33:37.08]Meanwhile,advances in medical science have made cosmetic surgery a quicker and safer option for busy executives. [33:42.68]同时，对于繁忙的行政人员来说，医学的进步已经使整容手术成为更为快捷和安全的选择。 [33:48.28]5 There are also underlying social factors. [33:50.06]同样还有一些潜在的社会因素。 [33:51.84]With women growing more financially independent, [33:53.79]随着妇女在经济上越来越独立， [33:55.73]aspiring suitors are discovering that they must offer more than a full wallet if they expect to win(and keep)the fair young lady. [34:01.09]踌躇满志的求婚者们发现他们必须负担得起一大笔钱，才能赢得（和守住）娇好美丽的女子。 [34:06.46]6 Whatever combination of factors is causing the big increase of male vanity, [34:09.57]不管什么样的因素结合起来都导致了男性虚荣心的膨胀， [34:12.69]magazines such as Men's Health provide the ideal meeting place for men's insecurities and marketers' greed. [34:18.18]像《男性健康》杂志之类的杂志就成为男性的不安全感和市场专卖者的贪欲提供了理想的满足机会。 [34:23.67]Like its more established female counterparts,Men's Health is an affordable, [34:26.78]与那些地位已经确立的女性杂志一样，《男性健康》也是可承受的起的。 [34:29.89]efficient delivery vehicle for the message that physical imperfection,age, [34:33.64]有效的信息传递手段，它告诉男士们，身体上的缺陷、年龄， [34:37.38]and an underdeveloped fashion sense are potentially crippling disabilities. [34:40.73]和落后的时尚意识都是严重的缺陷。 [34:44.08]As with women's magazines,this cycle of insanity is self-perpetuating. [34:47.66]和女性杂志一起，这种神经错乱的怪圈正在自我固化。 [34:51.24]The more men obsess about growing old or unattractive,the more marketers will exploit and expand that fear; [34:55.69]更多的男性为年龄增长或失去魅力而担扰。更多的商家就利用和扩大这种担忧； [35:00.13]the more marketers bombard men with messages about the need to be beautiful, [35:03.12]商家们越是使用男性需要变得英俊的各种信息来进行轰炸， [35:06.11]the more they will obsess. [35:07.30]就有越多的男性为此担忧。 [35:08.49]Younger and younger men will also be drawn into this cycle of self-doubt. [35:11.53]而且，越来越年轻的男性也将陷入这种自我怀疑的怪圈中。 [35:14.57]7 Having elevated men's physical insecurities to the level of mental disorder, [35:17.50]已经把男性身上不安全因素提升到了精神错乱的高度， [35:20.44]men's magazines can then start doing what really matters:selling merchandise. [35:24.43]男性杂志就可以作其真正该做的事了：兜售商品。 [35:28.43]On the cover of Men's Health each month,in small type just above the magazine's title , [35:31.71]每个月的《男性健康》杂志封面上就有小字号， [35:34.98]appears the phrase "Tons of useful stuff." [35:37.11]排印的“成吨的有用商品”。 [35:39.23]Thumbing through an issue or two however,one quickly realizes that a more accurate description would read:"Tons of expensive stuff." [35:44.27]但是，粗粗浏览一下，很快就会发现一个更为精确的描述：“成吨的贵重商品”。 [35:49.31]They're all there:Calvin Klein,Versace,Nike,Omega...The magazine even has those annoying little perfume strips guaranteed to make your nose run and to alienate everyone within a five-mile radius of you. [35:59.05]卡尔文·克莱因、范思哲、耐克、欧米茄……都在里面。杂志中甚至还有恼人的香水纸，使你鼻涕横流，也使周围的人不敢靠近你。 [36:08.79]8 Masters of psychology, [36:10.21]因为掌握了心理学， [36:11.63]marketers use their sexiest messages and most popular male models to tempt or intimidate the readership of Men's Health. [36:16.78]商家用他们最为性感的信息和最为流行的男性模特来诱导或胁迫《男性健康》的读者群。 [36:21.93]And just like in women's magazines,the articles themselves are designed to sell stuff. [36:25.51]而且，和女性杂志一样，文章本身就是为兜售商品而设计的。 [36:29.09]All those helpful tips for choosing blazers,ties,and belts come complete with information on the who, [36:32.78]那儿不仅有如何选择男装、领带、皮带的小贴士，还提供适合何人、 [36:36.47]where,and how much. [36:37.50]何处购买、价格如何等信息。 [36:38.52]The strategy is brilliant:Make men understand exactly how far short of the ideal they fall, [36:42.79]这一策略是了不起的：它让男人们确实明白了自己和理想的距离。 [36:47.05]As Mark Jannot,the grooming and health editor for Men's Journal,told"Today"show host Matt Lauer, [36:50.85]像马克·乔纳特，《男士杂志》的装扮和健康栏目编辑对“今日”节目的主持人马特·劳尔所说的， [36:54.65]"This is a huge,booming market. [36:56.65]这是一个巨大的，正在兴旺的市场。 [36:58.65]I mean the marketers have found a group of people that are ripe for the picking. [37:01.17]我的意思是商家已经发现了一群愿意在各式各样的高价商品上花钱的人。 [37:03.69]Men are finally learning that aging is a disease." [37:06.51]男人们终于认识到年龄的增长是个麻烦。 [37:09.34]9 To make all this "girly"image obsession acceptable to their audience, [37:11.86]为了使这种“女性化”形象能被他们的观众接受， [37:14.38]men's magazines employ all their creative energies to transform appearance issues into"a guy thing." [37:18.93]男性杂志动用了他们所有的创造力和精力去把形象期刊转变为一种“男人的事情”。 [37:23.49]It appears that, [37:24.51]看来， [37:25.54]no matter how much skin lotion and hair gel you're trying to sell them, [37:28.58]不管护肤露和发胶卖多少钱， [37:31.62]men must never suspect that you think they share women's insecurities. [37:34.74]男士们必须毫不怀疑人们认为他们和女士们有着同样的不安全感。 [37:37.85]If you want a man to buy wrinkle cream,marketers have learned, [37:39.92]商家已经认识到如果你想要一位男士购买防皱霜， [37:41.99]you should encourage it as part of the usual masculine shaving routine. [37:44.87]你必须鼓励他们说，这是男性日常剃须习惯中的一部分。 [37:47.75]Aramis,for example,assures men that its popular Lift off! [37:50.34]例如，阿拉米斯向男人们保证其流行产品， [37:52.93]Moisture Formula will help cut their shave time by one-third. [37:55.60]“剃须保湿配方”会帮助他们减少三分之一的剃须时间。 [37:58.26]"The biggest challenge for products started for women is how to transfer them to men [38:01.30]“对于起初为女性开发的产品，其最大的挑战是如何将他们转化为男性产品” [38:04.35]explained George Schaeffer,the president of OPI cosmetic [38:07.10]OPI化妆品公司总裁乔治。谢弗这样解释道 [38:09.85]Shaeffer's Los Angeles-based company is the maker of an almost unnoticeable nail polish that has proved a hit with men. [38:14.53]谢弗的洛杉矶总公司制造了一种几乎不为人所察觉的指甲油，受到男性的欢迎。 [38:19.21]10 On a larger scale,advertising a physical makeover or trip to a weight reduction clinic as a smart way to help one in his career [38:24.70]大规模地向人们宣传身体塑形和减肥是有助于事业发展的另一个聪明的做法， [38:30.19]seems to help man rationalize their image obsession. [38:32.71]似乎能帮助人们对自己的形象困扰更加理性化。 [38:35.23]"Whatever a man's cosmetic shortcoming,it's apt to be a career liability," [38:38.24]“不管一个人有着什么样的外貌缺陷，它都会成为他事业发展的不利条件。” [38:41.25]noted Alan Farnham in a recent issue of Fortune. [38:43.24]艾伦·法纳姆在近期的《财富》杂志中指出： [38:45.24]"The business world is prejudiced against the ugly." [38:47.37]“生意场对于丑陋怀有偏见。” [38:49.49]Obvious rationalization can be seen in Forbes'poor attempt to differentiate between male and female vanity in its article on cosmetic surgery: [38:55.09]《福布斯》杂志上有一篇关于外科整形手术的文章，试图区别男人和女人的虚荣心有关不同之处： [39:00.69]"Plastic surgery is more a cosmetic thing for women. [39:02.86]“对于女人来说外科整形手术不仅仅是美容。 [39:05.04]They have a thing about aging. [39:06.41]它还意味着（解决）衰老的问题。 [39:07.78]For men it's an investment that pays pretty good dividend." [39:10.08]而对男人来说，它是收益颇丰的投资。” [39:12.39]Whatever you say,guys. [39:13.52]你说呢？ [39:14.65]11 The irony is rich and bittersweet. [39:16.02]这种讽刺是令人回味的，苦乐参半的。 [39:17.39]Gender equity is at last headed our way--not in the form of women being less obsessed with looking like Calvin Klein models, [39:22.36]男女平等总算朝我们走来，但平等不再是女性像从前那样着迷于自己是否看上去像卡尔文·克莱因广告中的模特， [39:27.33]but of men becoming hysterical over the first signs of wrinkles. [39:30.44]而是男性在为脸上开始出现皱纹感到极其焦虑不安。 [39:33.55]New Words [39:34.69]单词 [39:35.82]affordable adj [39:37.19]支付得起的，不太昂贵的 [39:38.56]alienate v [39:40.16]使疏远，使不友好 [39:41.76]aspiring adj [39:43.13]积极追求的，有抱负的 [39:44.50]biceps n [39:45.97]二头肌 [39:47.45]bittersweet adj [39:48.71]又苦又甜的，苦乐参半的 [39:49.97]blazer n [39:51.05]（与裤子不配套的）男式便上装 [39:52.13]bombard v [39:53.08]1）不断给予，连珠炮似地发问 2）炮击，轰炸 [39:54.04]bulge v [39:54.88]膨胀，鼓起 [39:55.73]cosmetic adj [39:57.21]美容用的，整容的 [39:58.68]crippling adj [39:59.82]造成严重后果的 [40:00.95]dividend n [40:02.03]1）回报，效益 2）红利，股息 [40:03.11]elevate v [40:04.14]提高，使上升 [40:05.16]equity n [40:06.24]公平，公正 [40:07.32]financially adv [40:08.51]经济上，财政上 [40:09.70]gel n [40:10.54]凝胶体 [40:11.39]girly adj [40:12.18]像少女的，女人气的 [40:12.97]greed n [40:13.82]贪心，贪婪 [40:14.67]hairline n [40:15.93]头发轮廓线，发际线 [40:17.19]handful n [40:17.98]1）少数，少量，一小撮 2）一把 [40:18.77]hysterical adj [40:20.03]歇斯底里的，情绪异常激动的 [40:21.29]insane adj [40:22.71]1）蠢极的，荒唐的 2）精神错乱的，疯狂的 [40:24.13]insanity n [40:25.16]1）极端的愚蠢，荒唐 2）精神错乱，疯狂 [40:26.19]jaw n [40:27.03]上、下颌，下巴，口部 [40:27.88]jounalistic adj [40:28.72]新闻业的 [40:29.57]liability n [40:30.88]不利条件 [40:32.20]lotion n [40:33.22]护肤液，洗液，洗剂 [40:34.25]manicure n [40:35.38]修指甲 [40:36.52]manufacturer n [40:37.54]制造商，制造公司 [40:38.57]moisture n [40:39.60]潮湿，湿气 [40:40.62]moisturizer n [40:41.99]润肤霜 [40:43.36]mud n [40:44.44]泥，泥浆 [40:45.52]nationwide adv & adj [40:46.71]1）在全国范围内 2）全国性的 [40:47.89]pedicure n [40:48.69]修脚趾甲，足部治疗 [40:49.48]perpetuate v [40:50.74]使永久存在 [40:52.00]potbelly n [40:53.08]大肚皮，大腹 [40:54.16]radius n [40:55.42]1）半径范围 2）半径 [40:56.68]readership n [40:57.87]（某一报刊杂志等的）读者们 [40:59.05]saturated adj [41:00.19]饱和的，充满的 [41:01.32]shortcoming n [41:02.69]缺点，短处 [41:04.06]silken adj [41:05.53]柔软光滑的 [41:07.01]softener n [41:08.27]起软化作用的东西，软化剂，柔软剂 [41:09.53]suitor n [41:10.95]求婚者 [41:12.37]toiletries n [41:13.80]梳妆用品，化妆品 [41:15.22]underdeveloped adj [41:16.77]不发达的，落后的，发育不全的 [41:18.31]underlying adj [41:19.57]含蓄的，内在的，潜在的 [41:20.83]underwear n [41:22.15]内衣裤 [41:23.46]vanity n [41:24.88]虚荣心 [41:26.31]whitener n [41:27.49]增白剂

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