大学英语自学教程 unit 17

[00:00.00]Unit 17 text A [00:04.70]Panic and Its Effects [00:07.22]恐慌症及其影响 [00:09.74]One afternoon while she was preparing dinner in her kitchen, [00:13.22]一天下午，32岁的美国家庭主妇安妮’彼得斯 [00:16.69]Anne Peters,a 32-year-old American housewife, [00:19.87]正在厨房做晚饭。 [00:23.04]suddenly had severe pains in her chest accompanied by shortness of breath [00:27.36]突然，她感到一阵剧烈的胸痛，并伴有呼吸困难。 [00:31.69]Frightened by the thought that she was having a heart attack [00:34.77]安妮以为自己得了心脏病， [00:37.85]Anne screamed for help. [00:40.42]她惊恐万分，尖叫求助。 [00:43.00]Her husband immediately rushed Anne to a nearby hospital [00:46.47]她丈夫马上把她送到附近的一家医院。 [00:49.95]where her pains were diagnosed as having been caused by panic, [00:53.42]在那儿她的疼痛被诊断为是由惊慌引起的， [00:56.89]and not a heart attack. [00:59.12]而不是心脏病发作。 [01:01.34]More and more Americans nowadays are having panic attacks [01:05.16]现在越来越多的美国人得过和安妮 [01:08.99]like the one experienced by Anne Peters. [01:11.31]一样的恐慌症发作。 [01:13.64]Benjamin Crocker,a psychologist at the University of Southern California [01:17.57]南加利福尼亚大学的心理学家本杰明’克罗克指明说， [01:21.50]reveal that as many as ten million adult Americans have already experienced [01:26.58]多达1000万的美国成年人一生中得过恐慌症 [01:31.66]or will experience at least one panic attack in their lifetime. [01:35.90]或至少将得一次。 [01:40.13]Moreover, studles conducted by the National Institute [01:43.31]此外，美国国家心理健康研究所进行的研究揭示， [01:46.50]of Mental Healthin the United States disclose that approximately 1.2 million [01:50.18]大约有120万美国人最近有过严重的、 [01:53.87]adult individualsare currently suffering from severe and recurrent panic attacks. [01:58.79]复发性的恐慌症发作。 [02:03.72]These attacks may last for only a few minutes; [02:06.80]这些恐慌发作可能只持续几分钟， [02:09.88]some,however,continue for several hours. [02:12.91]但有一些则长达数小时。 [02:15.94]The symptoms of panic attacks bear such remarkable similarity [02:19.73]恐慌症发作的症状与心脏病发作的症状非常相似， [02:23.52]to those of heart attacks that many victims believe [02:26.69]以致很多患者都以为 [02:29.86]that they are indeed having a heart attack. [02:32.66]他们真的是心脏病发作。 [02:35.45]Panic attack victims show the following symptoms: [02:38.84]恐慌症患者有如下症状： [02:42.22]they often become easily frightened [02:45.15]在大多数人通常不害怕的 [02:48.07]or feel uneasy in situations where people normally would not be afraid; [02:52.54]情况下他们很容易感到恐惧感，不舒服； [02:57.01]they suffer shortness of breath,experience chest pains,a quick heartbeat, [03:02.30]他们呼吸急促，胸口疼痛，心动过速，突然发抖， [03:07.59]sudden fits of trembling,a feeling that personsand things around them are not real; [03:13.06]并感觉到周围的事物虚幻不真实； [03:18.53]and most of all,a fear of dying or going crazy. [03:22.36]最主要的，他们有死亡或发疯的恐惧感。 [03:26.18]A person seized by a panic attack may show allor as few as four of these symptoms. [03:31.50]恐慌症发作时病人可能表现出上述全部或其中四种症状。 [03:36.82]There has been a lot of explanations as to the causes of panic attacks. [03:40.70]关于恐慌症发作的原因，现已有多种解释。 [03:44.57]Many claim that psychological stress could be a logical cause, [03:48.61]很多人宣称心理压力可能是合乎逻辑的病因， [03:52.65]but as yet, no evidence has been found to support this theory. [03:56.58]但到目前为止，还没有找到证据支持这种理论。 [04:00.51]However,studies show that more women than men experience panic attacks [04:04.98]然而，研究表明，得过恐慌症发作的女人比男人多 [04:09.44]and people who drink a lot as well as those who use drugsare more likely to suffer attacks. [04:14.42]酗酒都和吸毒者更容易得恐慌症。 [04:19.40]It is reported that there are at least three signs [04:23.08]据报道，至少有三个迹象可以表明 [04:26.76]that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attackrather than a heart attack. [04:30.30]一个人得的是恐慌症而不是心脏病发作。 [04:33.84]The first is age. [04:36.17]首先是年龄 [04:38.49]People between the ages of 20 and 30 are more often victims of panic attacks [04:43.31]年龄在20岁到30岁之间的人易患此病。 [04:48.13]The second is sex. [04:50.70]第二是性别 [04:53.28]More women suffer from recurrent panic attacks than men. [04:56.61]女人得恐慌症的比男人多。 [04:59.94]The third is the multiplicity of symptoms. [05:03.52]第三是多种症状并存。 [05:07.10]A panic attack victim usually suffersat least [05:10.43]恐慌症病人发作时至少 [05:13.76]four of the previously mentioned symptoms, [05:16.58]有以上所谈到的四种症状， [05:19.40]while a heart attack victim often experiencesonly pain and shortness of breath. [05:23.49]而心脏病发作的病人往往只感觉到疼痛和呼吸急促。 [05:27.58]It is generally agreed that a panic attackdoes not directly endanger a person's life. [05:32.11]通常认为恐慌症并不直接危害一个人的生命。 [05:36.64]All the same, it can unnecessarily disrupt a petal's lifeby making him or her [05:41.66]尽管如此，由于患者非常害怕 [05:46.67]so afraid of having a panic attack in a public place that [05:49.94]在公共场合自己的恐慌症发作， [05:53.20]he or she may refuse to leave home [05:55.68]以致他们可能拒绝离开家门， [05:58.16]and may eventually become isolated from the rest of society. [06:01.85]最终与社会隔绝，这就毫无必要地扰乱敢他们的生活。 [06:05.53]Dr. Crocker's advice [06:07.90]克罗克博士建议 [06:10.26]to any person who thinks he is suffering from a panic attack is to consult a doctor [06:14.53]任何以为自己得了恐慌症的人要去看医生， [06:18.80]for a medical examination to rule out the possibilities of physical illness first. [06:24.12]作医疗检查，以首先排除身体疾病的可能性。 [06:29.43]Once it has been confirmed that he or she is,in fact,suffering from a panic attack, [06:34.15]一旦被确诊真的患有恐慌症， [06:38.86]the victim should seek psychological and medical help. [06:42.14]患者应寻求心理和医疗的帮助。 [06:45.42]Text B [06:48.37]sleepwalking--Fact or Fancy ? [06:51.10]梦游——事实还是幻想？ [06:53.83]There is an endless supply of stories about sleepwalkers. [06:56.71]关于梦游者的故事层出不穷。 [06:59.58]Persons have been said to climb on roofs,solve mathematical problemscompose music, [07:03.76]据说梦游者能爬上屋顶，解数学题，作曲， [07:07.94]walk through windows,and commit murder in their sleep. [07:10.82]穿窗入室，睡梦中行凶杀人。 [07:13.71]In Revere,Massachusetts, [07:15.77]在美国马萨诸塞州的里维尔市， [07:17.84]a hundred policemen searched for a lost boywho left his home in his sleep [07:21.56]百乐警察寻找一个睡着时离家出走的男孩， [07:25.28]and woke up five hours later on a strange sofa in a strange living roomwith [07:28.61]五小时后他在一个陌生人家起居室的沙发上醒来， [07:31.94]no idea how he had got there. [07:34.13]茫然不解自己是怎么到那儿去的。 [07:36.31]At the University of Iowa, [07:38.49]据报道， [07:40.67]a student was reported to have the habit of getting upin the middle of the night [07:43.91]衣阿华大学的一个学生有午夜起床， [07:47.15]and walking three-quar-ters of a mile to the Iowa River. [07:50.02]步行四分之三英里的路到衣阿华河， [07:52.89]He would take a swim and then go back to his room to bed. [07:55.91]在那儿游个泳，然后再回到房间睡觉的习惯。 [07:58.93]An expert on sleep in America claims that he has never seen a sleepwalker [08:02.61]美国一位睡眠专家声称他从没见过一个梦游者。 [08:06.30]He is said to know more about sleep than any other living man, [08:08.96]据说他比其他任何人都更了解睡眠， [08:11.62]and during the last thirty--five years [08:13.95]在过去的35年里因观察别人睡眠 [08:16.27]has lost a lot of sleepwatching people sleep. [08:18.80]而牺牲了自己相当多的睡眠时间。 [08:21.32]Says he,"of course,I know that there are sleepwalkers [08:24.54]他说：“当然，因为在报纸上读到过报道 [08:27.77]because I have read about them in the newspapers. [08:30.05]所以我知道有梦游者。 [08:32.34]But none of my sleepers ever walked, [08:34.47]但从没有一个我的实验对象睡着时梦游。 [08:36.60]and if I were to advertise for sleepwalkers for an experiment, [08:39.77]如果我要登广告征求梦游者作实验， [08:42.95]I doubt that I'd get many takers." [08:45.23]我很怀疑我能否找到很多人应征。” [08:47.52]Sleepwalking, nevertheless, is a scientific reality. [08:50.44]然而，梦游仍是一种科学的现实。 [08:53.37]It is one of those strange phenomena that sometimes border on the fantastic [08:56.61]它是一种奇怪的现象，有时几乎令人难以置信。 [08:59.85]What is certain about sleep walkingis that it is a symptom of emotional disturbance, [09:03.27]关于梦游，确定的一点是，它是一种情感波动不安的症状， [09:06.69]and that the only way to cure [09:08.57]唯一的治愈方法便是 [09:10.45]it is to remove the worries and anxieties that cause it. [09:13.18]去除烦恼和焦虑这两个病因。 [09:15.91]Doctors say that sleepwalking is much more commonthan is generally supposed. [09:19.39]医生说，梦游症比人们通常认为的要常见得多。 [09:22.86]Many sleepwalkers do not seek help and so are never put on record, [09:25.94]很多梦游者不寻求医生的帮助，因而从不被列入记录， [09:29.03]which means that an accurate count can never be made. [09:31.51]这就意味着永远也不可能有一份准确的记录。 [09:33.99]The question is:Is the sleepwalker actually awake or asleep? [09:37.31]问题是，梦游者实际上是清醒的还是仍在睡觉呢？ [09:40.62]Scientists have decided that he is about half-and-half. [09:44.54]科学家们已经确定，他处于半梦半醒之间。 [09:48.46]Dr.Zelda Teplitz who made a ten-year study of the subject, says, " [09:51.18]就此做了10年研究的泽尔达’泰普里兹大夫说： [09:53.89]The sleepwalker is awake, in the muscular area, [09:56.17]梦游者肌肉方面是清醒的， [09:58.44]partially asleep in the sensory area. [10:00.96]感官方面则处于部分睡眠状态。” [10:03.48]"In otber words,a person can walk in his sleep,move around,and do other things [10:07.71]换句话说，梦游者睡着时能行走，各处走动，做事， [10:11.94]but he does not think about what he is doing. [10:14.06]但并不思考正在做的事情。 [10:16.18]What are the chances of a sleepwalker committing a murder [10:18.80]梦游者在睡眠中杀人 [10:21.43]or doing something else extraordinary in his sleep? [10:23.71]或干出某种别的离奇的事的可能性有多大？ [10:26.00]Dr. Teplitz says, [10:27.92]泰普里兹大夫说： [10:29.84]"Most. people have such great inhibitions against murder or violence [10:32.87]“很多人对杀人或暴力行为有很强的抑制力，所以如果没人把他们弄醒 [10:35.90]that they would awaken if someone didn' t wake them up,' [10:38.24]他们自己尽职尽责会醒的。” [10:40.57]In general, authorities on sleepwalking agree with her. [10:43.30]一般说来，梦游方面的权威们同意她的说法。 [10:46.03]They think that peopie will not do anything in their sleepthat [10:48.76]他们认为，人们不会在睡眠中 [10:51.49]is against their own moral standard. [10:53.56]做违背自己道德标准的事。 [10:55.62]As for the publicized cases, Dr.Teplitz points out [10:58.94]至于那些广为人知的例子，泰普里兹大夫说： [11:02.26]Sleep.walking itself is dramatic...sleepwalkers can always find an audience [11:05.94]“梦游本身就富有戏剧性，梦游者总是能找到一个听众。 [11:09.62]I think that some of their tall tales get exaggerated in the telling. [11:12.59]我觉得他们讲述某些故事时，把它们夸大得荒诞不经。” [11:15.55]"In her own records of case histories, [11:17.58]在她自己所记录的案例中， [11:19.60]there is not one sleepwalkerwho ever got beyond his own front door. [11:22.68]没有一个梦游者常能超越自家房门以外。 [11:25.77]To protect themselves,some sleepwalkers have been known to tie themselves in bed, [11:29.04]为了保护自己，据说一些梦游者把自己绑在床上， [11:32.32]lock their doors,hide the keys, bolt the window, [11:35.21]锁好大门，藏起钥匙，闩上窗户， [11:38.10]and take all sorts of measures to wake themselves if they should get out of bed. [11:41.18]如果他们真的下了床，也会用各种办法将自己弄醒。 [11:44.26]Curiously enough, [11:45.84]十分奇怪， [11:47.42]they have an unusual way of avoidlng their own trapswhen they sleepwalk, [11:50.50]他们梦游时有非同寻常的方法，能躲过这些防范措施， [11:53.59]so none of their tricks seem to work very well. [11:55.96]因此这些窍门几乎均不奏效。 [11:58.34]Some sleepwalkers talk in their sleep loudly enough [12:00.72]有些梦游者睡着里大声说话， [12:03.10]to wake someone elsein the family [12:04.92]声音大得能把家人吵醒， [12:06.75]who can then shake them back to their senses. [12:08.93]家人就能把他们晃醒，使他们恢复理智。 [12:11.12]Children who walk in their sleep usually outgrow the habit. [12:13.64]梦游的孩子通常在长大后这个习惯自然消失。 [12:16.16]In many adults, too, thecondition is more or less temporary. [12:19.12]对很多大人来说，发生梦游的情形或多或少是暂时的。 [12:22.09]If it happens often, however, the sleepwalker should seek help. [12:25.06]但如果这事频频发生，梦游者还是应该寻求医生的帮助。 [12:28.04]Although sleepwalking itself is nothing to become alarmed about, [12:30.86]尽管梦游行为本身并没有什么惊恐不安的， [12:33.68]the problems that cause the sleepwalking may be very serious. [12:36.35]但引发梦游的问题却可能非常严重。

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