银行业务之 企业信贷　Corporate Credit

银行业务之 企业信贷　Corporate Credit

企业信贷（corporate credit）对一个企业的发展十分重要，它可以保护企业主自身的信用额度（personal credit line）免受企业债务的压力，还可以帮助企业贷到发展所需的资金（take out loans）。

开始

一般的公司形式是有限责任公司（limited liability corporation，即LLC），要申请信贷就需要有相关许可证和企业证明文件。最重要的就是联邦雇主身份识别号（Federal Employer Identification Number，即FEIN），还有营业执照、销售税号（sales tax numbers）和法人身份证件号。

⊙I want to protect my personal credit line from liability.我不想用个人信贷借债。

⊙To cover operating costs, we'll have to take out a loan.为了支付营运成本，我们不得不贷款。

⊙We've applied to set up as an LLC.

我们已经申请成立一个有限责任公司。

⊙Do I need a business license?

我需要拿营业执照吗？

⊙What kinds of permits do I need to apply for?我都需要申请哪些许可证？

⊙We have registered with the appropriate places and already received our Federal Employer Identification Number.

我们已经注册了合适的地点并且已经收到了我们的联邦雇主识别号码。

⊙Operating a business can be a big liability for personal credit.

经营企业对个人信用构成了很大的负担。

⊙We need to research the different options available to us.我们需要调查各种可行性。

开账户

以企业的名义在一些声誉良好的金融机构开户，通常会得到一个邓氏编码（Data Universal Numbering System ID number，即DUNS）。申请通常会在7天内拿到。

⊙I'd like to open a bank account please.我想开一个账户。

⊙Which financial institution will you do your banking at?你在哪个金融机构存钱？

⊙It will take about seven days from your application to get your DUNS.从申请到拿到你们的邓氏编码大约要7天时间。

贷款方

借贷方总是倾向于贷款给新的企业。在与借贷方洽谈时，务必理解贷款条件和条款（terms and conditions）、利率和费用（rates and fees）、是否是年付费（annual charges）、是否提前还款，还有罚金（penalties）等。

⊙I found a list of potential lenders from an Internet search.我通过网络搜寻到一个具备实力的借款方清单。

⊙We are willing to lend to relatively new corporations.我们愿意贷款给比较新的企业。

⊙What are the rates and fees?利息和费用是多少？

⊙Are there annual charges?有年费吗？

⊙What kind of penalties are we subject to?我们涉及哪些罚金？

⊙Tell me more about the terms and conditions.多给我讲一讲有关条件和条款。

⊙Have we gotten the paperwork filled out yet?我们是否已经填好了资料？

由小到大

通过小额的贷款建立自己的信誉（build your reputation），在未来的贷款中你将获得更优惠的费率。即便是小额贷款也要准时偿还（repay the loans），将你的信用评级保持在70～80（优秀），总有一天你会发现看似无关紧要的小信誉积累到一定程度就会产生意想不到的效果。

A：Do we fall in the range of good credit?

B：Yeah, we're currently running a credit score of about 68. We can improve that over time. The better record we have of paying back our loans on time, the more our credit will grow.

A：我们进入优等信用了吗？

B：是啊，我们现在的信用评分大概是68，我们以后还能改善。我们偿还欠款的记录越好，信用就增加越多。

⊙What is our corporate credit rating?我们的企业信用评级如何？

⊙How can we improve our credit rating?

我们怎么才能提高我们的信用评级？

总结

中国人有句老话叫“无债一身轻”。在现代商业世界中，反倒是适当的贷款可以减轻企业资金压力，并为发展提供动力。在申请企业贷款时，要提供足够的企业资质证明，选择实力较雄厚的金融机构作为信贷方。无论贷款额大小，按时还贷永远是第一位的。在这个诚信第一的社会里，为小的利益丧失了信誉将寸步难行。反之，好的信誉无论在什么环境下都可能得到最多的资源帮助。

Words　单词表

eligible有资格的

financial财政的，金融的，财务的

improve提高

liability责任，债务

license许可证，执照

offer提供，报价

option选项

penalty罚金

permit允许，许可

protect保护，防护

register注册，登记

service服务

stressful压力重重的，紧张的

Phrases　短语表

be a liability for有责任

cover costs收回成本，平衡成本

credit limit信贷额度，信贷限额

credit rating信用评级

credit report信用调查报告

credit score信用积分，信誉记录

establish credit建立信用

favorable term有利条件，优惠条件

financial institution金融机构

be just getting started刚刚起步，才开始

line of credit信贷额度

open an account开户

operate a business经营企业

operating cost运营成本

personal credit个人信用，个人信贷

take out a loan获得贷款，借贷

terms and conditions条款和条件

to begin with首先，第一

whether or not无论，不管

实景对话1

A：Excuse me, can you help to answer a few questions for me?I'd like to open a bank account. We've applied to set up as an LLC.What kinds of permits do I need to apply for?Do I need a business license?What does it take to open a bank account so I can start growing my corporate credit?

B：Have you received your FEIN for your business yet?

A：Yes. We have registered with the appropriate places and have already received our Federal Employer Identification Number.

B：Well, if you brought all the necessary paperwork, I can help you open an account now.

A：Great！How long will it take before we are able to get our Data Universal Numbering System ID number?Can we apply for a loan from your bank right away?

B：It will take about seven days from your application to get your DUNS. We are willing to lend to relatively new corporations. We can help you apply for a loan as soon as you receive your number.

A：Tell me more about the terms and conditions for borrowing as a new business. What are the rates and fees?Are there annual charges?What kind of penalties are we subject to?

B：We'll have to do a credit report on your company. If you wait just a moment, I can look it up for you.

A：What's our corporate credit rating now?Do we fall in the range of good credit?

B：You're currently running a credit score of about 68. You can improve that over time. The better record you have of paying back your loans on time, the more your credit will grow.

A：打扰你一下，你能否帮我解答几个问题？我想开一个银行账户，我们已经申请了一个有限责任公司，我要申请账户的话需要哪些许可证？我要拿经营执照吗?怎样才能通过开银行账户增加企业信用？

B：你有没有收到给你企业的联邦雇主识别号码？

A：是的，我们已经登记了合适的场所并已经收到了我们的联邦雇主识别号。

B：那好，如果你带了所需资料，我现在可以帮你开一个账户。

A：好极了，我们需要多长时间拿到邓氏编码？我们立刻就能从银行贷款吗？

B：从申请到得到邓氏编码需要大约7天时间。我们很愿意贷款给较新的企业。

你一拿到号码我们就帮你尽快贷到款。

A：请多给我讲一讲你们给新的企业贷款的条款和条件。利率和费用是多少？

有年费吗？我们对应的罚金有哪些？

B：我们必须先调查你的公司信誉。请稍等片刻，我可以帮你查看一下。

A：我们的企业信贷评级如何？我们进入优等信用了吗？

B：你们目前的信贷评分大概是68分。你们以后能够提高。你们偿还贷款越准时，你们的记录就越好，信誉也会随之增长。

实景对话2

A：I'm just getting started with my business, but the financial part of it is really stressful. Operating a business can be a big liability for personal credit.To cover operating costs, we'll have to take out a loan, but I want to protect my personal credit line from liability.

B：Not to worry. All you have to do is establish corporate credit, and then you can use your business to take out a loan.

A：Is that right?How easy is it to get a loan?

B：Usually it's not too difficult. But whether or not you get favorable terms will depend on your credit rating. The better your credit rating is, the better your options are and the easier it is to get a loan.

A：That makes sense. But how can we find out what our corporate credit rating is to begin with?And if it's low, then how can we improve it?

B：Those are very important questions to ask. You can usually find out what your credit score is quite easily by asking for a credit report. Often financialinstitutions will offer this as a free service.Which financial institution will you do your banking at?

A：I'm not sure. We need to research the different options available to us.I guess I will choose the one that gives us the best terms and conditions.

A：我的生意才刚刚起步，但在财力方面确实是压力重重。经营一个企业对我的个人信用构成了很大的负担。为了能够支付运营成本，我们不得不贷款，但是我不想用个人信贷借债。

B：别着急。你要做的只是设立一个企业信用，然后就可以用企业信用借贷。

A：那行吗？容易贷到款吗？

B：通常情况下不难。能否得到好的条件取决于你的信贷评级。信贷评级越好，选择就越好，而且越容易贷到款。

A：这很有道理。开始的时候怎么才能找出我们企业信贷评级呢？如果评低了，怎么才能提高呢？

B：这些都是非常重要的问题。你可以通过申请一个信誉报告很方便地得到你们的信誉评分。通常金融机构都免费提供这样的服务。你在哪些金融机构存款？

A：我不肯定。我们需要调查各种可行性。我想我会挑一个给我们最优厚条件和条款的机构。