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2017英语专业八级语法改错练习(2)

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2017年01月11日

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  DDT, the most powerful pesticide the world had ever known,exposed nature’s vulnerability. Unlike most pesticides, which effect- __1__tiveness is limited to destroy one or two types of insects, DDT is __2__capable of killing hundreds of different kinds at once. Developed in 1939, it first distinguished itself during the World War II, cleaning __3__South Pacific islands of malaria-caused insects for U.S. troops, while __4__in Europe being used as an effective de-lousing power. Its inventor was awarded by the Nobel Prize. __5__

  When DDT became available for civilian use in 1945, there were only a few people who expressed the second thought about this __6__new miracle compound. One was nature writer Edwin Way Teale,who warned, “A spray as discriminate as DDT can upset the economy __7__of nature of all insects are good, but if they are killed, things __8__go out of kilter right away.” Another was Rachel Carson, who wrote to the Reader’s Digest to propose an article about series of __9__tests on DDT being conducted not far from which she lived in Maryland. __10__

  答案及解析:

  1.which—whose

  whose在这里作关系限定词,与effectiveness构成名次词组在关系分句里作主语。whose的主语可以是人,也可以是物。

  2.destroy—destroying

  be limited to 词组里的to并不是不定式标记to,而是介词to,要谨访介词to“冒充”不定式to。其他类似的词组还有be opposed to, object to, get used to等等。

  3.cleaning—clearing

  clean和clear这对形近而且意近的动词容易被混淆,但是clean指“使某地方没有灰尘,使干净”,而clear强调“清理不需要的东西,而且clear 可与of连用,而clean很少。(这两个词的改错之前也有遇到过,大家都要记住啦!)

  4.caused—causing

  此句中malaria-causing insects 相当于insects that caused malaria,因此是主动关系,所以应选择-ing形式。

  5.by-/

  the Nobel Prize实际上是award的另一个宾语,还原成主动结构是…awarded the inventor the Nobel Prize.所以这里应删掉by。

  6.the-/

  短语second thought或second thoughts意为“仔细斟酌,三思”,如:

  Robert didn’t give a second thought to borrowing $2,000 from him.

  7.discriminate-indiscriminate

  discriminate有“区别”之意,indiscriminate意为“不加以选择,不分青红皂白”。从上下文来看DDT的特点是没有分辨性:它既能杀死有害的昆虫又能杀死有益的昆虫。

  8.but-and/so

  本句的两个意群的关系是顺接,不是转折,因此应选用顺接的连词,如and和so等。

  9.^series-a

  series这个名词属于单数复数同形,它经常与a和of构成词组a series of表示“一系列的”。

  10.which-where

  from这个介词后面应接一个介词表具体方位,因此这里只能用表方位的副词where。


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