国际关系英语词汇大全Unit 5

　　The Axis powers, also known as the Axis alliance, Axis nations, Axis countries, or the Axis, were the nations that fought in the Second World Waragainst the Allied forces. The Axis powers were united by their opposition to several Western powers and the Soviet Union.

　　轴心国，指在第二次世界大战中结成的战争联盟，包括纳粹德国、大日本帝国和意大利王国等国家。1940年9月27日，德国、日本和意大利三国外交代表在柏林签署《德义日三国同盟条约》(即：三国公约)，成立以柏林-罗马-东京轴心为核心的军事集团。这个军事集团的成员被称为“轴心国”。同年8月15日日本向同盟国投降，轴心国集团因此灭亡。

　　2.Non-aligned Country:不结盟国家

　　不结盟国家指执行独立自主、和平、中立和不结盟的政策,参加不结盟会议的国家。

　　3.Non-Aligned Movement:不结盟运动

　　The Non-Aligned movement was never established as a formal organization, but became the name to refer to the participants of the Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned Countries first held in 1961. The term "non-alignment" itself was coined by V.K. Krishna Menon in 1953 remarks at the United Nations. Menon's friend, Animesh Agrawal used the phrase in a 1954 speech in Colombo, Sri Lanka. In his speech in Colombo, Nehru described the five pillars to be used as a guide for Sino-Indian relations, which were first put forth by Chinese Premier Zhou Enlai. Called Panchsheel(five restraints), these principles(Mutual respect for each other's territorial integrity and sovereignty;Mutual non-aggression;Mutual non-interference in domestic affairs;Equality and mutual benefit;Peaceful co-existence)would later serve as the basis of the Non-Aligned Movement.

　　不结盟运动是一个拥有118个成员国和20个观察员国的松散国际组织，它成立于冷战时期，其成员国奉行独立自主、不与美苏两个超级大国中的任何一个结盟的外交政策。联合国中三分之二的会员是该组织的成员国，全球人口的55%也生活在不结盟运动国家。不结盟运动定期举行首脑会议，到目前为止已经在前南斯拉夫、埃及、赞比亚、阿尔及利亚、斯里兰卡、古巴、印度、津巴布韦、印度尼西亚、哥伦比亚、南非、马来西亚和塞尔维亚各举行了一次会议。