国际关系英语词汇大全Unit 6

　　International law defines sovereign states as having a permanent population, defined territory, one government, and the capacity to enter into relations with other sovereign states.It is also normally understood to be a state that is neither dependent on nor subject to any other power or state.

　　主权国家(Sovereign state)，指拥有独立主权的独立国家(Independent States)，是国际社会的最基本成员，其统治和管理的权力由该国家或组织的人持有，不受他方影响。截止2011年7月18日，世界上共有197个主权国家(193个联合国会员国，2个联合国观察员国(巴勒斯坦，梵蒂冈)，2个未加入联合国(库克群岛，纽埃)。

　　2.Comprehensive National Power：综合国力

　　Comprehensive National Power(CNP)is a putative measure, important in the contemporary political thought of thePeople's Republic of China, of the general power of a nation-state. CNP can be calculated numerically by combining various quantitative indices to create a single number held to measure the power of a nation-state.These indices take into account both military factors (known as hard power) and economic and cultural factors (known as soft power). CNP is notable for being an original Chinese political concept with no roots in either contemporary Western political theory, Marxism-Leninism, or pre-20th-century Chinese thinking.

　　综合国力是一个假定的指数，是中华人民共和国重要的当代政治思想，反映当今各个民族国家的一般国力。 CNP的计算可以根据各种定量指标相结合，建立一个单一的数量来衡量一个民族国家的力量，这些指标考虑采取军事因素(称为硬实力)，经济和文化因素(称为软实力)。 CNP值得注意的特点是，它是完全来自中国的政治概念，无论是当代西方政治理论中、马克思列宁主义、20世纪以前中国人的思维，都对CNP的产生创立发展没有什么影响。

　　3.International organization:国际组织

　　An international organization is an organization with an international membership, scope, or presence. There are two main types:International nongovernmental organizations(INGOs):non-governmental organizations(NGOs) that operate internationally. These include international non-profit organizations and worldwide companies such as the World Organization of the Scout Movement, International Committee of the Red Cross, Médecins Sans Frontières and World Safeguard and Media Limited.Intergovernmental organizations, also known as international governmental organizations (IGOs): the type of organization most closely associated with the term ‘international organization', these are organizations that are made up primarily ofsovereign states(referred to as member states). Notable examples include the United Nations(UN), Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe(OSCE), Council of Europe(CoE), European Union(EU; which is a prime example of a supranational organization), and World Trade Organization(WTO). The UN has used the term "intergovernmental organization" instead of "international organization" for clarity.

　　国际组织是具有国际性行为特征的组织，可以解决国与国之间的各项事务，国际组织可分为两种主要型态：政府间国际组织：成员都是主权国家或其它成员不必为主权国家的国际组织(像欧盟和世界贸易组织)。非政府间国际组织(NGOs)：任何国际组织，凡未经政府间协议而建立，均被视为是为这种安排而成立的非政府国际组织。包括独立组织、民间组织、第三部门、志愿协会。从法律角度来讲，政府间的国际组织必须有一部公约作为基础，并且有一个法人。