国际关系英语词汇大全Unit 25

　　英语单词讲解 unit 25

　　1.Antitrust Law

　　Antitrust law is a law that promotes or seeks to maintain market competition by regulating anti-competitive conduct by companies. Antitrust law is implemented through public and private enforcement. Competition law is known as antitrust law in the United States and anti-monopoly law in China and Russia. In previous years it has been known as trade practices law in the United Kingdom and Australia.

　　1.竞争法

　　竞争法，或称“反垄断法”、“公平交易法”，是防止不正当竞争行为和不公平商业行为的法律，某些国家将被认为会伤害商业环境或消费者权益的行为定为非法，由政府机关里的监督部门负责监管，他们可能还要负责监管和消费者保护相关的法律。“竞争法”源起于美国法律“反托拉斯”，或直译为“反信托”或“反托拉斯法”词，最初创制目的是要对抗“商业信托”(现在通称企业联合)。很多国家都设有某种形式的反托拉斯法，例如欧盟就有《欧盟竞争法》。

　　2.Financial institution

　　In financial economics, a financial institution is an institution that provides financial services for its clients or members. Probably the greatest important financial service provided by financial institutions is acting as financial intermediaries. Most financial institutions are regulated by the government. Broadly speaking, there are three major types of financial institutions：1)Depositary Institutions : Deposit-taking institutions that accept and manage deposits and make loans, including banks, building societies, credit unions, trust companies, and mortgage loan companies;2)Contractual Institutions : Insurance companies and pension funds; and 3)Investment Institutions : Investment Banks, underwriters, brokerage firms.

　　2.金融机构

　　金融机构是指从事金融服务业有关的金融中介机构，为金融体系的一部分，金融服务业包括银行、证券、保险、信托、基金等行业，与此相应，金融中介机构也包括银行、证券公司、保险公司、信托投资公司和基金管理公司等。 同时亦指有关放贷的机构，发放货款给客户在财务上进行周转的公司，而且他们的利息相对也较银行为高，但较方便客户借贷，因为不需繁复的文件进行证明。

　　3.Multinational Corporation，MNC

　　Multinational corporations (MNC) or multinational enterprises (MNE) are organizations that are owned or control productions of goods or services in one or more countries other than the home country. For example, when a corporation is registered in more than one country or has operations in more than one country, it may be attributed as MNC. Usually, an MNC is a large corporation which produces or sells goods or services in various countries. It can also be referred as an international corporation, or a "transnational corporation", or perhaps best of all, as a stateless corporation.

　　3.跨国公司

　　跨国公司、多国公司，经常被称为跨国企业，是在多个国家或地区有业务，通常规模很大的公司。这些公司在不同的国家或地区设有办事处、工厂或分公司，通常还有一个总部用来协调全球的管理工作。亦有超国家公司、国际化公司、“世界公司”等称呼。跨国公司通常利用承包商来制造特殊的商品，外包的经营手法也经常被使用。