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国际关系英语词汇大全Unit 47

所属教程:国际关系词汇

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2015年01月06日

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  Explanation of English Words unit 47

  英语单词讲解 unit 47

  1.Socrates

  Socrates (470/469 – 399 BC) was a classical Greek (Athenian) philosopher credited as one of the founders of Western philosophy. He is an enigmatic figure known chiefly through the accounts of classical writers, especially the writings of his students Plato and Xenophon and the plays of his contemporary Aristophanes.

  1.苏格拉底

  苏格拉底(前469年-前399年),古希腊哲学家,和其学生柏拉图及柏拉图的学生亚里士多德被并称为希腊三哲人。他被认为是西方哲学的奠基者。没有留下著作,其思想和生平记述于后来的学者——主要是他的学生柏拉图——和同时代的剧作家阿里斯托芬的剧作中。柏拉图的《对话》一书记载了苏格拉底在伦理学领域的贡献。

  2.Plato

  Plato ( 428/427 or 424/423 – 348/347 BCE) was a philosopher, as well as mathematician, in Classical Greece, and an influential figure in philosophy, central in Western philosophy. He was Socrates' student, and founded the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. Along with Socrates and his most famous student, Aristotle, Plato helped to lay the foundations of Western philosophy and science. Alfred North Whitehead once noted: "the safest general characterization of the European philosophical tradition is that it consists of a series of footnotes to Plato."

  2.柏拉图

  柏拉图(约公元前427年-前347年)是著名的古希腊哲学家,雅典人,他的著作大多以对话录形式纪录,并创办了著名的学院。柏拉图是苏格拉底的学生,也是亚里士多德的老师,他们三人被广泛认为是西方哲学的奠基者,史称“西方三圣贤”。据说他在四十岁时,约公元前387年结束旅行返回雅典,并在雅典城外西北角创立了自己的学校—即著名的柏拉图学院,这所学院成为西方文明最早的有完整组织的高等学府之一,后世的高等学术机构也因此而得名,也是中世纪时在西方发展起来的大学的前身。

  3.Aristotle

  Aristotle (384–322 BCE) was a Greek philosopher and scientist born in Stagira of Chalkidiki, next to the Macedonian Kingdom in the north part of the Greek world. At eighteen, he joined Plato's Academy in Athens and remained there until the age of thirty-seven (c. 347 BCE). His writings cover many subjects – including physics, biology, zoology, metaphysics, logic, ethics, aesthetics, poetry, theater, music, rhetoric, linguistics, politics and government – and constitute the first comprehensive system of Western philosophy. Shortly after Plato died, Aristotle left Athens and, at the request of Philip of Macedon, tutored Alexander the Great starting from 343 BCE.

  3.亚里士多德

  亚里士多德(公元前384年-公元前322年3月7日),古希腊哲学家,柏拉图的学生、亚历山大大帝的老师。他的著作包含许多学科,包括了物理学、形而上学、诗歌(包括戏剧)、音乐、生物学、动物学、逻辑学、政治、政府、以及伦理学。和柏拉图、苏格拉底(柏拉图的老师)一起被誉为西方哲学的奠基者。亚里士多德的著作是西方哲学的第一个广泛系统,包含道德、美学、逻辑和科学、政治和玄学。

 


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