从说话意图上看句子可以分为四类:
1.陈述句(statements)——说明一个事实或陈述自己的看法:
Sometimes he goes fishing.
他有时去钓鱼。
He may be in his office.
他可能在办公室里。
2.疑问句(questions)——提出问题:
What are you talking about?
你们在谈什么?
Is that your house?
那是你的房子吗?
3.祈使句(imperatives)——表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等:
Have some tea.
喝点茶。
Stand in a line.
排成一行。
Take good care of yourself.
好好保重。
Let's watch TV.
咱们看电视吧。
4.感叹句(exclamation)——表示惊喜、喜悦、气愤等情绪:
What a fine voice she has!
她嗓子真好!
How I envy you!
我多么羡慕你!
Wonderful!
太好了。
从结构上看句子分为三类:
1.简单句(simple sentences)——句子成分由单词或短语表示:
He was walking Slowly in the park.
他在公园里缓慢地走着。
I got up, dressed and hurried down stairs.
我起来穿上衣裳匆忙伸下楼来。
2.复合句(complex sentences)——句中有一个或更多成分由从句担任:
Let me know when you are ready.
准备好了通知我。(含状语从句)
All you need is more pratice.
你只需要更多练习。(含定语从句)
3.并列从句(compound sentences)——由两个分句构成,多由并列连词连接:
His father is a writer and his mother is an artist.
他的父亲是作家,他的母亲是画家。
Honey is sweet, but the bee stings.
蜂蜜好喝,但蜜蜂鳌人。(谚)