这些常见乐器，你知道几样？

　　violin [ˌvaiəˈlin] 小提琴

　　The violin is a wooden string instrument in the violin family. It is the smallest and highest-pitched instrument in the family in regular use.

　　He plays the violin for the fun of it.

　　她拉小提琴只是为了好玩。

　　harp [hɑːp] 竖琴

　　The harp is a stringed musical instrument that has a number of individual strings running at an angle to itssoundboard, which are plucked with the fingers. Harps have been known since antiquity in Asia, Africa and Europe, dating back at least as early as 3500 BC. The instrument had great popularity in Europe during the Middle Ages and Renaissance, where it evolved into a wide range of variants with new technologies, and was disseminated to Europe's colonies, finding particular popularity in Latin America.

　　She swept her fingers over the strings of the harp.

　　她用手指划过竖琴的琴弦。

　　banjo ['bændʒəʊ] 班卓琴，五弦琴

　　The banjo is a four-, five- or six-stringed instrument with a thin membrane stretched over a frame or cavity as a resonator, called the head. The membrane, or head, is typically made of plastic, although animal skin is still occasionally but rarely used, and the frame is typically circular. Early forms of the instrument were fashioned by Africans in America, adapted from African instruments of similar design.

　　The boy picked the banjo.

　　小男孩弹着班卓琴。

　　piano [pɪ'ænəʊ] 钢琴 (pianoforte缩写)

　　The piano is an acoustic, stringed musical instrument invented around the year 1700 (the exact year is uncertain), in which the strings are struck by hammers. It is played using a keyboard, which is a row of keys (small levers) that the performer presses down or strikes with the fingers and thumbs of both hands to cause the hammers to strike the strings. The word piano is a shortened form of pianoforte, the Italian term for the early 1700s versions of the instrument, which in turn derives from gravicembalo col piano e forte and fortepiano.

　　He accompanied her on the piano.

　　他用钢琴为她伴奏。

　　pipe organ [paɪp] ['ɔːgn] 管风琴

　　The pipe organ is a musical instrument that produces sound by driving pressurized air (called wind) through organ pipes selected via a keyboard.

　　gong [gɒŋ] 锣

　　A gong is an East and South East Asian musical percussion instrument that takes the form of a flat, circular metal disc which is hit with a mallet. It originated in China and later spread to Southeast Asia, and it can also be used in the percussion section of Western symphony orchestra.

　　He beats the gong twice.

　　他筛了两下锣。

　　saxophone ['sæksəfəʊn] 萨克斯管; 萨克斯风 (also informal sax)

　　a metal musical instrument that you blow into, used especially in jazz

　　The pianist doubles on saxophone.

　　那钢琴演奏者兼作萨克斯管吹奏员。

　　flute [fluːt] 长笛

　　a musical instrument of the woodwind group, shaped like a thin pipe. The player

　　holds it sideways and blows across a hole at one end.

　　乐器演奏者怎么说?

　　有些乐器有特定的名称，在其后接-ist或-er，就表示对应的演奏者

　　如violin violinist

　　drum drummer

　　独奏solo，而独奏演员叫soloist

　　如果没有特定名称，那就在乐器名称后加player

　　viola player中提琴演奏者

　　涉及流行乐或爵士乐，即使有萨克斯管吹奏者(saxophonist)或低音吉他/提琴手(bassist)等特定名称，依旧习惯用player

　　a brilliant young sax player

　　才华横溢的青年萨克斯管吹奏者

　　这些用法要注意：

　　泛指演奏乐器时，通常会在乐器名称前加定冠词the

　　He played the trumpet in a jazz band.

　　他在爵士乐队吹小号。

　　涉及两种或两种以上乐器时，则一般不用定冠词the

　　She teaches violin, cello and piano.

　　她教小提琴，大提琴和钢琴。

　　指演奏乐器要用介词on (注意不要用其它介词)

　　She sang and he accompanied her on the piano. 她演唱，他用钢琴伴奏。

　　流行或爵士音乐家的演奏通常不用定冠词the

　　Miles Davis played trumpet 迈尔斯戴维斯吹小号

　　今天的小知识大家都学会了吗?我们下期再见喽。