知识小科普：蚊子为何如此钟情于你？

炎热的夏季终于过去了，其实小编不喜欢夏季的原因就是蚊子。蚊子真的很烦人，不仅会被叮得浑身包，甚至还传播疾病。不知道你是不是默默地想过这个问题，为啥这些蚊子在茫茫人海中，只对你情有独钟?其实，真相是…...

01

How much carbon dioxide you exude makes a difference to how appetizing you are to the buggers.

首先，你呼出的二氧化碳量决定了你在蚊子看来有多“开胃”。
People with a larger body mass and pregnant people produce more carbon dioxide, which means they're also more likely to be bitten.

大腹便便的人和孕妇会产生更多的二氧化碳，也就意味着他们更可能被蚊子盯上。
 

carbon dioxide /'kα: b(ə)n/ /daɪ'ɒksaɪd/ 二氧化碳

exude /ɪg'zju: d/ v. 散发;流出;使渗出

appetizing /'æpə'taɪzɪŋ/ adj. 开胃的;促进食欲的

bugger /'bʌgə/ n. 家伙

pregnant /'pregnənt/ adj. 怀孕的;富有意义的

bitten /'bɪtn/ vt. 咬(bite的过去分词);刺痛

02

A higher body temperature could also mean you are more likely to be bitten.

更高的体温意味着您有更高的几率被咬。
Which again, makes people with a larger body mass and pregnant people more susceptible as they generally have a greater body temperature. Everyone is also at greater risk when they're exercising, because this also raises your body temperature.

这世界再一次对胖子和孕妇展现了恶意，因为他们往往有着比旁人更高的体温。一般人在运动、锻炼的时候体温升高，被咬的可能也就增大了。
 

temperature /temprətʃə(r)/ n. 温度;体温

susceptible /sə'septɪb(ə)l/ adj. 易受影响的;易感动的

raise /reɪz/ v. 提高;筹集;上升

03

Your blood type is also a factor in how likely you are to be bitten.

你的血型也会在你被蚊子咬的可能性上凑个热闹。

This study concluded that people with type O blood are significantly more attractive than people with type A blood to mosquitoes. However, this was a very small study that hasn't been repeated since, so take these results with a pinch of salt.

一项研究表明，O型血的人们远比A型血的人对蚊子的诱惑力更大。但是这其实仅仅是一项尚未经过验证的小实验，所以不能尽信，姑且一听就行。
 

factor /'fæktə/ n. 因素;要素

conclude /kən'klu: d/ v. 推断;决定，作结论

significantly /sɪg'nɪfɪk(ə)ntlɪ/ adv. 显著地;相当数量地

attractive /ə'træktɪv/ adj. 吸引人的;有魅力的

mosquito /mɒ'ski: təʊ/ n. 蚊子

repeat /rɪ'pi: t/ v. 重复;复制

pinch /pɪn(t)ʃ/ n. 匮乏;少量

04

The same study also showed that only some people secrete chemicals through their skin that indicate what blood type they have.

同一项研究还表明，只有一部分人的皮肤可以分泌出某种化学物质，这种物质能够标示出他们的血型。

Some people do not secrete those chemicals at all, making them less likely to be bitten, the lucky bastards.

另一些人则无法分泌这些化学物质，这使得他们更不容易受到蚊虫叮咬——这些该死的幸运儿们!
 

secrete /sɪ'kri: t/ v. 藏匿;私下侵吞;分泌

chemical /'kemɪk(ə)l/ n. 化学制品，化学药品

through /θru: / prep. 通过;穿过;凭借

indicate /'ɪndɪkeɪt/ v. 表明;指出;预示

05

The composition of the microbes on your skin is another factor.

你的皮肤表面微生物的构成是另一影响因素。

We all have a unique and beautiful flora of microbes living on our skin. In fact, we have more microbes on our skin than actual skin cells.

我们每个人的皮肤表面都生活着美丽而独一无二的微生物族群。事实上，我们皮肤上的微生物们甚至比皮肤细胞还多。

We're actually just walking masses of germs. Anyway, the unique composition of our microbes affects how much mosquitoes want to bite us.

我们都是巨大的人形自走培养皿。无论如何，每个人独有的微生物构成对有多少蚊子想要咬我们有着不可忽视的影响。

composition /ˌkɒmpəˈzɪʃn/ n. 作文，作曲;合成物;成分

microbe /'maɪkrəʊb/ n. 细菌，微生物

flora /'flɔrə/ n. 植物区系;植物群

actual /'æktʃʊəl/ adj. 真实的，实际的

germ /dʒɜ: m/ n. 胚芽，萌芽;细菌

06

Exercising also makes you more appealing.

运动使你变得更“迷蚊”。

This is because exercise increases the amount of lactic acid your skin secretes, as well as increasing overall your body temperature.

因为运动会使你的皮肤分泌更多的乳酸，并令你全身体温升高。　

For mosquitoes, this is the equivalent of wafting delicious baked goods and fresh coffee in front of someone who's just rolled out of bed.

　　相比于那些在床上葛优瘫的人，你在蚊子眼里更像是一块热气腾腾的烤面包配咖啡。

appealing /ə'pi: lɪŋ/ adj. 吸引人的;动人的

lactic /'læktɪk/ adj. 乳的;乳汁的

acid /'æsɪd/ n. 酸

overall /'əʊvərɔ: l/ adj. 全部的;全体的

equivalent /ɪ'kwɪv(ə)l(ə)nt/ adj. 等价的，相等的;同意义的;n. 等价物，相等物

waft /wɒft/ n. 飘荡;吹拂

bake /beɪk/ v. 烤，烘焙

07

Lastly, drinking beer may also contribute to your status as mosquito bait.

最后，喝啤酒会更让你成为“蚊虫诱饵”。

This study found that one bottle of beer is enough to make you more attractive to insects in general, although no one conclusively knows why that is.

这项研究发现，一般而言，一杯啤酒就足以提升你对蚊虫的吸引力，虽然没有人知道确凿的原因是什么。

So, if you don't want to be bitten, avoid drinking beer, going to the gym, and getting pregnant. Also, be sure to change your genetic background!

总而言之，如果你不想被咬，那么就戒掉啤酒、拒绝锻炼、避免怀孕，并且，务必改变你的基因背景吧!

You can also use a repellent if you can't do all of the above.

如果上面这些你都不想做的话，你也可以抹点儿驱蚊水呀。

contribute /kən'trɪbju: t/ v. 贡献，出力;投稿

status /'steɪtəs/ n. 地位;状态;情形;重要身份

bait /beɪt/ n. 饵;诱饵

insect /'ɪnsekt/ n. 昆虫;卑鄙的人

conclusively /kən'klu:sivli/ adv. 最后地;决定性地

genetic /dʒɪ'netɪk/ adj. 遗传的;基因的;起源的

repellent /rɪ'pel(ə)nt/ adj. 排斥的;防水的; n. 防护剂;防水布