那些无法抗拒的名篇02:Hamlet 哈姆雷特

02 哈姆雷特

Ham：

哈姆雷特:

To be, or not to be—that is the question;

生存还是毁灭，这是一个问题;

Whether'tis nobler in the mind to suffer

The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,

一个高贵的灵魂是该去承受

狂暴命运的无情摧残，

Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,

还是该挺身去反抗那无边的烦恼，

And by opposing end them? To die, to sleep-

并将它们一扫而净?死了，睡了—

No more, and by a sleep to say we end

The heart-ache and the thousand natural shocks

不再有了;如果睡眠能结束我们心灵的创伤和

That flesh is heir to'tis a consummation

肉体所承受的上百种痛苦，这结局倒也圆满

Devoutly to be wish'd. To die, to sleep,

倒也得偿所愿。死了，睡了;

To sleep, perchance to dream. Ay, there's the rub;

可睡着了或许还会做梦。这就麻烦了;

For in that sleep of death what dreams may come，

当我们蜕去了这尘世的躯壳后

When we have shuffled off this mortal coil,

在那死亡之眠中又会有怎样的梦呢

Must give us pause. There's the respect

得好好想想。可就是这点顾虑

That makes calamity of so long life;

使人终身受折磨。

For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,

有谁愿意去忍受时光的鞭打与嘲弄

Th'oppressor's wrong, the proud man's contumely,

压迫者的不仁，高傲者的鄙夷

The pangs of despis'd love, the law's delay,

忍受那失恋的痛苦，正义遥不可期

The insolence of office, and the spurns

官员们的傲慢，辛劳奉献后却换来多少凌辱

That patient merit of th' unworthy takes,

而只要一把小小的匕首他就可以

When he himself might his quietus make

解脱了。谁愿意去肩负重担，

With a bare bodkin? Who would these fardels bear

在烦劳生活的压力下呻吟、流汗，

To grunt and sweat under a weary life,

可是对死后又感到恐惧

But that the dread of something after death-

从来没有任何人从死亡的

The undiscover' d country, from whose bourn

国土里回来—因此动摇了，

No traveler returns-puzzles the will，

使我们宁愿忍受目前的苦难

And makes us rather bear those ills we have

而不愿投奔向另一些未知的痛苦?

Than fly to others that we know not of?

于是顾虑使我们变成了懦夫。

Thus conscience does make cowards of us all;

那决断时无畏的血色

And thus the native hue of resolution

染了层思想多虑的病容

Is sicklied o' er with the pale cast of thought,

那许多伟大的事业与时刻

And enterprises of great pith and moment

就是在这顾虑之下

With this regard, their currents turn awry

改变了初衷

And lose the name of action.

丧失了行动的能力。

作者介绍：

威廉·莎士比亚(1564-1616)是世界上最杰出的戏剧家和诗人之一。他一生共创作了38个剧本，154首十四行诗及两首长诗。他是世界文学史上的巨擘。他认为文学应该是真、善、美的结合，应该反映人性与现实。

《哈姆雷特》是莎士比亚最负盛名的一部悲剧。丹麦王子哈姆雷特深陷在厌世情绪中，因为他父王的去世和他母后仓促地改嫁新任国王——他的叔叔克劳迪斯。随后哈姆雷特的父王在他面前显灵，并告诉他自己是克劳迪斯谋杀的。克劳迪斯还篡取了王位并霸占了王后，同时激励王子为自己不该发生的惨剧而复仇。可是哈姆雷特不具备当时复仇者那种头脑简单而嗜血成性的品格，他多疑而又好沉思，因此每当他采取行动时，总是以失败告终。以下节选的片段是剧中最负盛名的王子独白，细腻地揭示了哈姆雷特内心的思想与复仇的行动所产生的矛盾。