GRE填空官方指南例题解析3

　　例3. (OG Authentic GRE Practice Test Section 4, Q20)

　　Wills argues that certain malarial parasites are especially (i) ______ because they have more recently entered humans than other species and therefore have had (ii) ______ time to evolve toward (iii) ______. Yet there is no reliable evidence that the most harmful Plasmodium species has been in humans for a shorter time than less harmful species.

　　BLANK (i) BLANK (ii) BLANK (iii)

　　(A) populous (D) ample (G) virulence

　　(B) malignant (E) insufficient (H) benignity

　　(C) threatened (F) adequate (I) variability

　　KEY: BEH

　　(一) 首先看blank2，they have more recentlyentered humans than other species and thereforehave had (ii) ______timeto evolve

　　1. Therefore表示对上文的承接，因为they最近才进入人体，因而在人体中的演变时间较短。

　　2. 选择与自主判读已知的词汇填空：

　　[1]. ample：(富饶的)generous or more than adequate in size, scope, or capacity

　　[2]. insufficient：(不足的)not sufficient : INADEQUATE; especially : lacking adequate power, capacity, or competence

　　[3]. adequate：(充足的)sufficient for a specific requirement

　　(二) Yetthere is no reliable evidencethat the most harmfulPlasmodium specieshas been in humans for a shorter timethan less harmfulspecies.

　　1. Yet表示对上文的否定，两句话是反义关系，但是由于no reliable evidence作为否定词存在对整个句子再次进行取反，因而本句话中that引导的从句中所述内容即为前一句话中的同义转述。

　　2. 而由于存在时间对比，存在时间较久的与存在时间短暂的物种之间的状态相反，即存在较久的物种毒性差。

　　(三) Wills argues that certain malarial parasitesare especially (i) ______becausethey have more recentlyentered humans thanother speciesand thereforehave had (ii) ______timeto evolve toward (iii) ______. Yetthere is no reliable evidencethat the most harmfulPlasmodium specieshas been in humans for a shorter timethan less harmfulspecies.

　　1. 带回第一句看看第二句中与之对应部分。

　　2. 在人体中存在时间短的物种毒性较强，因而没有时间进化到毒性较弱的品种，对于blank3，应该填入less harmful的同义词。

　　3. 选择与自主判读已知的词汇填空：

　　[1]. virulence：(毒害)the quality or state of being virulent

　　[2]. benignity：(良性的)of a mild type or character that does not threaten health or life

　　[3]. variability：(多变的)able or apt to vary : subject to variation or changes

　　(四) 理解句意，看是否逻辑与语义契合：

　　Wills称，有些疟原虫特别的危险，因为这些寄生虫近些时间才入侵人体，相比其他类型的疟原虫而言，这些疟原虫没有足够的时间来向毒害稍微轻一点的程度演化。但是，现实中却没有足够可靠的证据证实在人体中出现的最有害的几种疟原虫，相比其他有害程度低一些的疟原虫而言，在人体内出现的时间要短一些。