CNN News: 两分钟了解美巴关系史

We`re starting in the Caribbean nation of Cuba. Yesterday was the third time the Cuban President Raul Castro and U.S. President Barack Obama met face to face since the two sides agreed to normalize relations. It was the first time that a U.S. president visited the island since Calvin Coolidge went there in 1928.

首先，我们关注加勒比海北部的群岛国家，古巴。昨天，古巴总统劳尔·卡斯特罗和美国总统巴拉克·奥巴马进行会面，这是两国关系恢复正常之后，两国首脑进行第三次会晤。同时自卡尔文 柯立芝1928年访问古巴后，美国总统首次对古巴进行正式访问。

President Obama is hoping to influence the Cuban leader to make significant reforms, especially when it comes to issues like human rights and the communist government`s control over Cuban businesses. Cuba hasn`t moved as quickly to address these issues as the Obama administration had hoped and President Castro says there are profound differences that would always remain between Cuba and the U.S.

奥巴马总统希望能够在人权问题以及古巴共产党对本国企业的控制方面，影响古巴领导人做出重大改革。古巴并没有像奥巴马政府所希望的那样，迅速解决这些问题。古巴总统卡斯特罗称古巴和美国之间仍存在巨大的差异。

But President Obama says the intention is to get the ball rolling, knowing that change wasn`t going to happen overnight.

但是奥巴马总统称，访问的目的是推动进展，改革是不会一夜之间发生。

It`s a communist-run island just 90 miles off the United States, and for more than 50 years, relations between Cuba and the United States have been chilly at best, until now.

这是美洲唯一一个共产主义国家，距离美国直有90英里。截止到之前，古巴和美国的关系一直很紧张。

U.S. and Cuba relations in two minutes.

两分钟了解美古关系。

In 1959, Fidel Castro leads an army of thousands into Havana, forcing out the dictator Batista at the time, and becomes the country`s new leader.

1959年，菲德尔·卡斯特罗带领军队进入哈瓦那，迫使独裁者巴蒂斯塔下台，成为新的国家领袖。

There are high hopes for the young revolutionary, but also immediately confrontation begins with the United States.

大家对于这位新的革命寄与厚望，但同时古巴和美国之间的对抗也开始了。

The U.S. places an embargo on Cuba and soon after it breaks off, diplomatic relations.

美国和古巴终止外交关系之后，对古巴实行禁运。

Later the infamous, failed U.S. invasion at the Bay of Pigs.

之后就是臭名昭著的猪湾事件。逃离美国的古巴人向菲德尔·卡斯特罗领导的古巴革命政府发动的一次失败的入侵。

The CIA hatches plans to assassinate Castro, hundreds of plots, according to the Cubans. And soon, the Soviet Union secretly deploys nuclear missiles to Cuba.

中央请报局计划暗杀卡斯特罗，根据古巴报道，有上百个阴谋。之后，苏联对古巴部署核导弹。

To regard any nuclear missile launched from Cuba or against any nation in the Western Hemisphere as an attack by the Soviet Union on the United States.

苏联从古巴发射核导弹，攻击美国。

The Cuban missile crisis lasts just two weeks. But Cuba and the United States remained locked in Cold War tensions for decades.

古巴导弹危机仅持续了2周的时间，但是美国和古巴的几十年来一直处于冷战状态。

In 1980, an exodus as more than 100,000 Cubans come to the United States after Castro loosens restrictions.

1980年，10万多名古巴人在卡斯特罗放松限制之后，来到美国。

Two decades later, another Cuban leaving by boat, 6-year-old Elian Gonzalez. His arrival in the United States sparks custody battles, which Fidel Castro transforms into a propaganda victory.

20年之后，美国移民局特工将六岁古巴男孩埃连·冈萨雷斯强行带走。到达美国之后，冈萨雷斯引发一场政治味浓的监护权争夺战。

Fidel Castro said he expected to die in power. But in 2006, a mystery illness forces him to step down.

菲德尔·卡斯特罗称期望自己一直执政。但是在2006年，一场神秘的疾病迫使他被迫下台。

His brother Raul takes over, and in 2015, does what many considered to be unthinkable: Restores diplomatic relations with Cuba`s long-time nemesis, the United States.

之后他的弟弟劳拉接管政权，在2015年，劳拉做了一件不可思议的事情，恢复和美国的外交，结束敌对关系。