探险家朵拉的持久影响

探险家朵拉的持久影响

Dora the Explorer is one of the most recognized Latinx characters on TV. She debuted on Nickelodeon almost 20 years ago. This past weekend, Dora moved to the big screen, in Dora and the Lost City of Gold.

探险家朵拉是电视上最知名的拉丁人之一。她大概在20年前首次在尼克国际儿童频道亮相。上周末，朵拉转到大银幕上，出演了《朵拉与丢失的黄金城》。

In the late 1990s, Chris Gifford and two others were tasked with brainstorming the next hit on Nick Jr. After moving through various animals, they decided on a young girl who would go on adventures and ask the audience of preschoolers at home for help.

在20世纪90年代末，克里斯·吉福德和另外两个人的任务是为小尼克的下一部作品进行头脑风暴。在了解了各种动物之后，他们决定选择一个年轻的女孩去冒险，并向家里的学龄前儿童观众寻求帮助。

Originally, they imagined the girl would be white. But months into developing the show, the creative head at Nickelodeon, Brown Johnson, went to a conference where she learned that of the 80 prime-time characters under the age of 18, not a single one was Latinx. She came back and declared that the show they were working on would now feature a Latina.

起初，他们把这个女孩构思成白人。但在节目制作几个月后，尼克国际儿童频道的创意总监布朗约翰逊参加了一个会议，在会上她了解到，在黄金时段的80个18岁以下的角色中，没有一个是拉丁裔。她回来后宣布，他们正在制作的节目将由一位拉丁裔人为主演。

Eric Weiner, another creator of the show, says, "At the time, Pat Buchanan was running for president, spewing all this hatred about, 'We don't want Spanish speakers in our country.' So this idea of not building barriers gave extra meaning and heart and urgency to the mission of the show."

该节目的另一位创作者埃里克·韦纳说，“当时，帕特·布坎南正在竞选总统，他表达了对‘我们的国家不需要说西班牙语的人’的仇恨。因此，这种不设置障碍的想法为这部剧的使命赋予了额外的意义、核心和紧迫性。”

The creators behind Dora set out to empower Latinx kids and normalize bilingualism. But they were all white. So they brought in consultants like Carlos Cortes, a professor from the University of California, Riverside. Cortes helped with cultural sensitivity and answered big questions, like where Dora should be from.

朵拉的创造者们开始赋予拉丁裔儿童更多权利，并使双语能力正常化。但他们都是白人。因此，他们请来了像加州大学河滨分校教授卡洛斯·科尔特斯这样的顾问。科尔特斯在文化敏感性方面提供帮助，并回答了一些重大问题，比如朵拉应该来自哪里。

"Someone came up with the idea we should make her very embedded in one culture — Mexican or Puerto Rican or Cuban or what have you," says Cortes. But they couldn't agree which culture.

科尔特斯说:“有人提出了一个想法，我们应该让她深深融入一种文化——墨西哥文化或波多黎各文化或古巴文化等等。”但他们无法就哪种文化达成一致。

And so finally, Dora the Explorer, with her signature bob and pink shirt, aired on television screens for the first time on Aug. 14, 2000. Within less than a year, the show became the top commercial hit for preschoolers ages 2 to 5.

最后，2000年8月14日，爱探险的朵拉，拥有其标志性波波头，粉色衬衫，首次在电视屏幕上亮相。在不到一年的时间里，该节目成为了2至5岁学龄前儿童最受欢迎的商业节目。

Almost 20 years after her creation, Dora is now being re-imagined as a teenager (played by Isabela Moner) in a live action film. In it, she sets off to find treasure in a fictional Inca city called Parapata.

在朵拉被创作的近20年后，她现在在一部真人电影中被重新塑造成一个少女(伊莎贝拉·莫纳饰)。在这部小说中，她出发去一个虚构的印加城市Parapata寻找宝藏。

"Parapata is a name in Quechua, which means 'the rainy hill,' " says Americo Mendoza-Mori, a consultant on the film, who teaches Quechua at the University of Pennsylvania.

在宾夕法尼亚大学教授盖丘亚语的电影顾问阿莫林门扎-莫里说:“Parapata是盖丘亚语中的一个名字，意思是‘多雨的山’。”

While Dora, the character, continues to be pan-Latina, the film grounds her in an actual geographical location: the Amazon rainforest. "We also want to use the movie as an opportunity to incorporate many aspects of this Andean knowledge." says Mendoza-Mori.

虽然多拉这个角色仍然是泛拉丁裔，但电影将她置于一个真实的地理位置:亚马逊雨林。“我们也想利用这部电影作为一个机会，把关于安第斯山脉的知识的许多方面融合在一起。” 门扎-莫里说。

Mexican actor Eugenio Derbez, who also served as an executive producer on the film, says, "I think Dora is an icon for kids, especially now that Latinos are being so, let's say, harassed by this administration."

墨西哥演员欧亨尼奥德伯兹同时也是这部电影的执行制片人，他说:“我认为朵拉是孩子们的偶像，尤其是现在被政府骚扰的拉丁美洲人。”

The original team members behind Dora say they never expected anti-immigrant rhetoric to become so central to the American political discourse. "We hope that we had an impact on little kids who saw a character who spoke a different language or had a different skin color than they did," says Gifford.

朵拉最初的团队成员表示，他们从未想到反移民言论会成为美国政治谈话的核心。吉福德说:“我们希望能对孩子们产生一种影响，当他们看到一个人说不同的语言，或者与他们有着不同的肤色的时候。”