CNN News: 长期太空任务致宇航员脊柱肌肉萎缩

Hi. I`m Carl Azuz.

大家好，我是卡尔·阿祖兹

The United Nations refugee agency says this year has been the worst ever for migrants and refugees crossing the Mediterranean Sea into Europe.

联合国难民署表示今年是有史以来，从地中海到欧洲移民和难民情况最糟糕的一组。

Despite the fact that far fewer migrants are trying to cross than the number who did in 2015, many more had died this year -- at least 3,800 people so far or one in every 88 trying to make the crossing. Compare that with one death for every 269 people last year.

尽管与去年相比，试图到达欧洲的难民的数量较少，但是今年仍有很多人死亡——截止到目前为止3800人中每88人都有1人死亡穿过。而去年是每269人有1人死亡。

The journey is even more dangerous for those migrants trying to reach Europe from Libya. The North African country is in chaos. It has no central government, but it does have a number of smuggling networks and many of them use flimsy rafts or boats that aren`t really seaworthy.

试图从利比亚到达欧洲的难民面临的危险更大。现在这个北非国家正处于混乱中。没有中央政府，但是，确实存在一些走私的网络，很多人使用不适合木筏和小船。

They`re often overcrowded with refugees and migrants and sent over the central Mediterranean, facing strong currents, bad weather and odds increasingly stuck against a safe journey.

穿上挤满了移民和难民，然后穿越地中海中部，旅途中将会浪潮、恶劣的天气以及其他不好的事情。

Next today, new research suggests space travel can be a real pain in the back. Since missions got longer in the late 1980s, more than half of the U.S. astronauts who`d spent time in space had complained of back pain. And it didn`t get better when they got back to earth.

下一条新闻，新的研究表明，太空旅行会导致背部疼痛。自从20世纪80年代末，太空旅行任务时间变长，有超过一半的太空美国宇航员抱怨自己在太空时背部疼痛。并且这种情况在回到地球之后，并没有好转。

A new study funded by NASA says the problem is a major weakening of the muscles of the lower back. Researchers say in space, astronauts aren`t bending forward or using their lower backs to move. That led to a 19 percent decrease in muscle tone during a trip to the International Space Station.

美国宇航局资助的一项研究表明，是由于背部肌肉张力被弱化。研究人员表示，研究人员不需要弯腰或者降低身体来前行。这导致在国际太空站的旅行中，肌肉张力被弱化了。