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不用冲水的蘑菇厕所

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2018年07月12日

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In many parts of the world, toilets remain out of reach. An estimated one in three people in the world don't have access to a toilet, and one in nine people don't have access to safe water (in large part because of that lack of toilets). A group of students from the University of British Columbia have come up with a new way to give people without plumbing clean, safe places to do their business, and according to Co.Design the key is mushrooms.

在世界上很多地方,有很多人依旧没有办法使用厕所。据不完全统计,全球每三个人中就有一人没有办法使用厕所,每九个人中就有一个人无法接触安全的水(在很大程度上是因为缺乏厕所)。来自英属哥伦比亚大学的一群学生找到了一个新方法,他们的这个方法不需要干净、安全的水就能让人们上厕所,其关键在于蘑菇。

不用冲水的蘑菇厕所

The MYCOmmunity Toilet, which just won the 2018 Biodesign Challenge, is a portable toilet kit designed for refugee camps that uses a mycelium (a mushroom product) tank to eventually turn human waste into compost. Everything needed to set up the toilet is packed into one kit, which users can set up into a small, sit-down toilet with a traditional seat and a tank for waste. The appliance is designed to fit into a refugee tent and serve a family of six for up to a month.

MYCOmmunity厕所不久前赢得了2018生态设计挑战赛的冠军,它是一种专为难民设计的便携厕所。它利用一种菌丝体(一种蘑菇产物)储水池,将人类的排泄物变成肥料。构成厕所所需的一切都被整合到了一整套便携厕所中,使用者可以用一个传统的座椅和一个收集人类排泄物,建立一个小型的坐便厕所。这一设计能够被安装在难民帐篷中,它可以为一个六口之家服务长达一个月的时间。

Seals Vs Sea LionsThe toilet separates solid and liquid waste for separate treatment. Enzyme capsules can be used to neutralize the smell of urine and start the decomposition, and poop can be covered in sawdust or other material to tamp down odors and rev up the composting process. After the month is up and the tank is full, the whole thing can be buried, and the mushroom spores will speed along the process of turning it into compost. The kit comes with seeds that can be planted on top of the buried toilet, turning the waste into new growth. (Biosolids have been used to fertilize crops for thousands of years.)

该厕所会将固态和液态排泄物分开进行处理。使用者能够用酶胶囊来中和尿液的气味,并开始进行分解。使用者还可以用木屑或者其它材料盖住粪便,以便锁住气味,加快分解过程。等到一个月之期一到并且储水池已满,整个厕所都可以被埋在地下,蘑菇的孢子会加快分解过程,将它变成肥料。这一厕所套装还带有种子,人们可以将种子种在厕所被埋的位置上方,让它利用废物长出新的植物。(几千年来,人类一直用生物肥料来给庄稼施肥。)

The University of British Columbia students—led by Joseph Dahmen, an assistant professor in the architecture school, and Steven Hallam, a professor in the department of microbiology and immunology—competed against 20 other design teams at the 2018 Biodesign Summit at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City in June, taking home first prize. They hope to further refine the prototype in the future, and according to Co.Design, test it out at local music festivals, which, with their outdoor venues and high volume of drunk pee-ers, are the perfect venue to stress test waterless toilet technology.

英属哥伦比亚大学的这些学生们由建筑学院的助理教授Joseph Dahmen与微生物学和免疫学教授Steven Hallam带领着,同其它20个在纽约现代艺术博物馆参加2018生态设计峰会的设计团队一起比赛,他们拿着第一名回到了家乡。他们希望未来能过改进这一蘑菇厕所原型,并在当地音乐节上进行测试。在这样的户外活动中,用喝醉的撒尿者们测试无水厕所简直再好不过了。


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