行业英语 学英语,练听力,上听力课堂! 注册 登录
> 行业英语 > 旅游英语 > 中国著名景点英语导游词 >  第37篇

旅游英语景点介绍—北京天坛 Temple of Heaven

所属教程:中国著名景点英语导游词

浏览:

2017年03月11日

手机版
扫描二维码方便学习和分享
  【简介】天坛位于北京市崇文区在永定门内大街路东。原是明清两代皇帝祭祀皇天上帝的场所,始建于明永乐十八年(1420年),至清乾隆年间最终建成。天坛占地达273万平方米。主要建筑有祈年殿、圜丘、皇穹宇、斋宫、神乐署、牺牲所等。天坛分为内、外两坛,内坛由圜丘、祈谷坛两部分组成,内坛北部是祈谷坛,内坛南部是圜丘坛,一条360米长的丹陛桥连缀两坛,两坛的主要建筑就集中在丹陛桥两端,丹陛桥南端有圜丘、皇穹宇,北端有祈年殿、皇乾殿。丹陛桥也称海攫大道,是一条巨大的砖砌高台商道,也是天坛建筑的主轴线。在丹陛桥的东侧建有与天坛祭祀功能相适应的附属建筑:宰牲亭、神厨、神库等。丹陛桥西侧有斋宫,斋宫是举行祭天大典前皇帝进行斋戒的场所。外坛为林区,广植树木,外坛的西南部有神乐署,是明清时期演习祭祀礼乐及培训祭祀乐舞生的场所。神乐署、斋宫都是祭坛的附属建筑,是祭祀大典的服务用房,故斋宫、神乐署都是坐西向东,其建筑规格、瓦色、装饰彩画均逊于天坛的祭祀建筑,强烈地表达了中国古代的"敬天"思想。

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Welcome to the temple of Heaven. (After self-introduction) preserved cultural heritages of China. There are basically two kinds of visitors who come here: local pensioners who do exercises here in the morning and evening and sightseers both from home and abroad. All in all ,there are 12 million visitors very year. Now we are going to go along the route that leads to the alter. It will take roughly one hour. Mind you ,the emperor also walked along this route to pay tribute to the God of Heaven.

(Along the Southern Sacred Road leading to the Circular Mound Altar)

The largest group of architectures ever to be dedicated to Heaven ,the Temple of Heaven served as an exclusive altar for Chinese monarchs during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was decreed that rulers of successive dynasties would place altars in their own capitals to worship Heaven and pray for good harvest. But why ?

The ancient Chinese believed that Heaven was the supreme ruler of the universe and the fate of mankind ,and thus worshiping rites dedicated to Heaven came into being.

The Heaven the ancient Chinese referred to was actually the Universe, or nature. In those days, there were specfic rites of worship. This was especially true during the Ming and Qing dynasties when elaborate ceremonies were held.

The Temple of Heaven was built in 1420 during the reign of Emperor Youngle of the Ming Dynasty. Situated in the southern part of the city ,this grand set of structures covers an area of 273 hectares. To better symbolize heaven and earth ,the northern part of the Temple is circular while the southern part is square .The whole compound is enclosed by two walls, a square wall outside a round one. The outer area is characterized by suburban scenery, while the inner part is used for sacrifices. The inner enclosure consists of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest and the Circular Mound Altar.

(Along the Imperial Passage leading from the Southern Lattice Star Gate in front of the Circular Mound Altar)

the Circular Mound Altar is enclosed by two walls ,each containing four groups of Souther

n Lattice Star Gate, each in turn consisting of three doors, with 24 marble doors altogether. Standing on the passage facing north, you will notice that with each pair of doors on is narrower than the other. This reflects the feudal hierarchy: the wider door was reserved for monarchs, while the narrower one was used by courtiers.

On the day of the ceremony ,the emperor would don his ritual costume and be ushered in by the official in charge of religious affairs. He ascended the three terraces in the forefront to pay tribute at the alter.

(Atop the Circular Mound Alter)

we are now on the top terrace of the Altar, or the third terrace .Each terrace has a flight of 9 steps. At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 steps. At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 concentric rings of stone. The number of stones in the first ring is 9, in the second ,18, up to 81 in the 9th ring. Even the number of carved balustrades on these terraces is a multiplee of 9. But why?

According to an cient Chinese philosophy, yin and yang were two opposing factors. Heaven and the odd numbers belonged to yang while the Earth and even numbers belonged to yin. Nine was the largest heavenly number accessible to man . What is more, the ancient people also believed that heaven consisted of nine layers and that the emperor` s abode was on the uppermost tier.


用户搜索

疯狂英语 英语语法 新概念英语 走遍美国 四级听力 英语音标 英语入门 发音 美语 四级 新东方 七年级 赖世雄 zero是什么意思深圳市信鹏大厦英语学习交流群

网站推荐

英语翻译英语应急口语8000句听歌学英语英语学习方法

  • 频道推荐
  • |
  • 全站推荐
  • 推荐下载
  • 网站推荐