2022年大学英语四级考试语法练习题 11

1. The flu is believed ________ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.
A. cause
B. being caused
C. to be caused
D. to have caused
　　
2. The flowers ________ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
A. to smell
B. smelling
C. smelt
D. to be smelt
　　
3. The disc, digitally ________ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A. recorded
B. recording
C. to be recorded
D. having recorded
　　
4. Having been attacked by terrorists, ________ .
A. doctors came to their rescue
B. the tall building collapsed
C. an emergency measure was taken
D. warnings were given to tourists
　　
5. Robert is said ________ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.
A. to have studied
B. to study
C. to be studying
D. to have been studying
　　
6. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ________ the next year.
A. carried out
B. carrying out
C. carry out
D. to carry out
　　
7. I’ve worked with child before, so I know what ________ in my new job.
A. expected
B. to expect
C. to be expecting
D. expect
　　
8. ________ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.
A. Having suffered
B. Suffering
C. To suffer
D. Suffered
　　
9. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains ________ whether they will enjoy it.
A. to see
B. to be seen
C. seeing
D. seen
　　
10. The research is so designed that once ________ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins
B. having begun
C. beginning
D. begun
　　
11. It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows ________.
A. it what to do with
B. what to do it with
C. what to do with it
D. to do what with it
　　
12. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ________ in the kitchen.
A. smoke
B. smoking
C. to smoke
D. smoked
　　
13. I’m going to the supermarket this afternoon. Do you have anything ________ ?
A. to be buying
B. to buy
C. for buying
D. bought
　　
14. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ________ as the plane was making a landing.
A. seat
B. seating
C. seated
D. to be seating
　　
15. Victor apologized for ________ to inform me of the change in the plan.
A. his being not able
B. him not to be able
C. his not being able
D. him to be not able
　　
答案解析
1. C. 因为be believed /thought /supposed /said /reported等后要接动词不定式，排除A和B;又因为the flu与cause是被动关系，所以要用不定式的被动式。The flu is believed to be caused by...=It is believed/People believe that the flu is caused by...
2. B. 一是因为“发出香味”与“吸引游客”是同时发生的，且smell 作为连系动词没有被动形式，所以答案选B。
3. A. 因为the disc(唱片)与record(录制)是被动关系，这又是已经发生了的事，所以要用过去分词短语作定语。
4. B. 非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致。根据句意，受到攻击的应是“高楼”，而不是其他，故选B。
5. A。此题考查不定式的完成时。“据说他曾到国外留过学”，由studied可知“留学”这个动作已结束并发生在谓语动作is said之前，所以要用完成式。
6. A。此句考查过去分词作宾语补足语。句子结构较复杂,句中的that引导一个定语从句，它替代先行词the plan在从句中作see的宾语，the plan与carry out是被动关系，因此，用过去分词作宾补。即see the plan carried out the next year.
7. B。此题考查疑问词+不定式在句中作宾语。I know what to expect in my new job. 意为“我知道在新工作中期待什么”。
8. A。本句考查现在分词的完成时作状语。句意为“遭受如此严重的污染之后，现在净化这条河也许为时已晚了”。有already暗示可知suffer发生在clean up之前，因此要用现在分词的完成式作状语。
9. B。remain 作“尚待”解，要接不定式作表语，it是形式主语，指代whether they will enjoy it。see与it之间是动宾关系，因此用不定式的被动式。it remains to be seen是习惯用语，意为“还要看情况发展”。
10. D。“连词+分词”作状语时，其逻辑主语为句子的主语。句子主语与分词的之间是主动关系时用现在分词，被动关系用过去分词。the research与begin是被动关系，因此用过去分词begun。
11. C。此题的考查目标与NMET2000同。what to do with为常用搭配结构，意为“处置，利用”。句意为“据说澳大利亚有太多陆地，政府不知如何利用”。
12. B。find后面可以接由“宾语+ 现在分词/过去分词/ 不带to的不定式”构成的复合宾语结构。现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动，不定式表示动作已经发生。根据句意“如果厨师被发现在厨房吸烟，立即就会被解雇”可知cook与smoke之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。find sb. doing sth意为“发现某人正在做某事”。
13. B。考查不定式作定语。不定式作后置定语，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。句意为“今下午我要去超级市场，你有东西要买吗?”
14. C。考查过去分词作表语。句意为“飞机登陆时，飞行员要求所有飞机上的乘客坐着不动”。remain是系动词，seated作表语，表示状态。
15. C。考查动名词的复合结构作宾语。动名词的复合结构的否定式由“名词所有格或物主代词+not+动名词”构成。句意为“Victor因没能通知我计划的改变向我道歉”。