1.与格动词或称授与动词是需要两个宾语的完全及物动词。通常其中指事物的称为直接宾语,指人的称为间接宾语。
2.由与格动词构成的句型主要有两种,通常可以相互转换。
句型1:主语+与格动词+间接宾语+直接宾语
句型2:主语+与格动词+直接宾语+介系词+间接宾语。
I am writing my cousin a letter.
I am writing a letter to my cousin.
我正在给我表姊写信。
my cousin是间接宾语,指动作发出的对象,用宾格;a letter是直接宾语,是动作wrote的接受者。
She had ever taught me English before she went study
abroad.
她出国前曾教过我英语。
me是间接宾语,指动作发出的对象,用宾格;English是直接宾语,是动作taught的接受者。
My mother bought me some interesting English learning VCDs.
我妈妈给我买了一些英语学习的光盘!
bought是与格动词,后接间接宾语me和直接宾语some interesting English learning vcds。
You had better leave your parents a note.
You had better leave a note to your parents.
你最好给你父母留张便条儿。
leave是与格动词,后接间接宾语your parents和直接宾语a note。
He bought his wife a diamond necklace yesterday.
He bought a diamond necklace for his wife yesterday.
他昨天给他妻子买了一条钻石项链。
bought是与格动词,后接间接宾语his wife和直接宾语 a diamond necklace。
He flew me a kiss when I said hello to him.
我向他打招呼时,他给了我一个飞吻。
His relations were very sympathetic towards him, but did not offer him any financial help.
他的亲戚们非常同情他,但没有给他任何经济援助。
Mr. Lee gave his son a good ticking-off because he had been staying out too late at night.
李先生因为儿子晚上在外面一直呆到很晚而狠狠责备了他一顿。
His father allows him a hundred dollars a week for his pocket money.
他的父亲每星期给他一百元作为零用钱。
This book will save you a great deal of trouble and time.
这本书将省去你许多麻烦和时间。
He taught me how to improve my English.
他教我如何使我的英语有进步。
I will tell them the reason of my leaving and the time of my return.
好。我要告诉他们我出去的原因和我回家的时间。
tell是与格动词,后接间接宾语them和直接宾语the reason of my leaving and the time of my return。
Don't tell her (that) I told you (that) she had told me.
不要告诉她我把她告诉我的告诉了你。
Ask him when he will come or whether he will come at all.
问问他什么时候来,或到底来不来。
I have to phone mom my late return.
我必须打电话告诉妈妈我晚回去。
leave是与格动词,后接间接宾语mom和直接宾语my late return。
3.有些与格动词可应用于另外一种句型:主语+与格动词+间接宾语+介系词+直接宾语。在这种句型中:介系词及其后的直接宾语在句中对间接宾语起补述、修饰作用。
Or she will blame me for my unpunctuality.
否则她要责备我不守时了。
此处介系词for及其后的直接宾语my unpunctuality对间接宾语 me起补述修饰作用。
He blamed her for her greediness.
他责骂她的贪婪。
此处介系词for及其后的直接宾语her greediness对间接受词 her起补述修饰作用。
